A Clinical Study of Surgical Site Infections in a Tertiary care Hospital
Introduction: Surgical infections are those that occur as a result of a surgical procedure or those that require surgical intervention as part of their treatment. They are characterized by a breach of mechanical/anatomic defense mechanisms (barriers) and are associated with greater morbidity, si...
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Format: | Article |
Language: | English |
Published: |
Prathima Institute of Medical Sciences
2019-04-01
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Series: | Perspectives In Medical Research |
Subjects: | |
Online Access: | http://www.pimr.org.in/files-vol7-issue1-19/srinivas-vol-7-issue-1-2019.PDF |
Summary: | Introduction: Surgical infections are those that occur as a result
of a surgical procedure or those that require surgical
intervention as part of their treatment. They are characterized
by a breach of mechanical/anatomic defense mechanisms
(barriers) and are associated with greater morbidity, significant
mortality, and increased cost of care.
Aims & objective: The present study was done to know the
incidence of surgical site infections in our medical college, to study
the risk factors associated with the surgical site infections and to
find out the Most common organism encountered and its
antibiotic sensitivity and resistance in surgical site infection (SSI).
Materials and Methods: Patients who underwent various
surgeries at Prathima Institute of Medical Sciences, in between
1st January 2016 to 31st March 2017 are considered for this
study. The total number of cases studied is 400. This is a
prospective study.
Results: Incidence of surgical site infection in this study is 9.75%.
Majority of patients in the study belong to age group of 21-30
years which account for 28.5%. Elective had an incidence of
5% and emergency cases had more incidences of 24%. Most of
the cases had SSI detected on 3rd post-operative day. Anemia
was found to be the main risk factor with more number of SSI’s.
Infection rate was found to be increasing as the number of preop hospitalisation increased. Prophylactic antibiotic therapy was
found to decrease the rate of SSI’s. Longer duration of surgery
and use of drain was associated with increased rate of SSI. As
expected the rate of infection increased from clean wounds to
contaminated wounds. E- coli was the commonest organism
isolated. Most of the organisms were isolated from the clean
contaminated and contaminated cases. Overall imepenem and
amikacin were the most sensitive antibiotics.
Conclusion : A pre-existing medical illness, prolonged operating
time, the wound class, emergency surgeries and wound
contamination strongly predispose to surgical site infection.
Antimicrobial prophylaxis is effective in reducing the incidence
of post- operative wound infections for a number of different
operative procedures but, timing of administration is critical.
Reduction of length of procedures through adequate training
of the staff on proper surgical techniques, proper intraoperative infection control measures and feedback of
appropriate data to surgeons regarding SSIs would be desirable
to reduce the surgical site infection rate. |
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ISSN: | 2348-1447 2348-229X |