Rapid Identification of Phospholipase A<sub>2</sub> Transcripts from Snake Venoms
Phospholipase A<sub>2</sub> (PLA<sub>2</sub>) is a major component in snake venoms and it is found in many different isoforms. To identify transcripts encoding different PLA<sub>2</sub> isoforms, we developed a simple, rapid procedure. Total RNA was extracted from...
| Main Authors: | , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
MDPI AG
2019-01-01
|
| Series: | Toxins |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6651/11/2/69 |
| _version_ | 1811302316828000256 |
|---|---|
| author | Ying Jia Pablo Olvera Frida Rangel Bianca Mendez Samir Reddy |
| author_facet | Ying Jia Pablo Olvera Frida Rangel Bianca Mendez Samir Reddy |
| author_sort | Ying Jia |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Phospholipase A<sub>2</sub> (PLA<sub>2</sub>) is a major component in snake venoms and it is found in many different isoforms. To identify transcripts encoding different PLA<sub>2</sub> isoforms, we developed a simple, rapid procedure. Total RNA was extracted from the venoms of three cottonmouth snakes and two diamondback rattlesnakes, and further reverse-transcribed into complementary DNA (cDNA). Using one pair of cottonmouth PLA<sub>2</sub>-specific primers and Reverse Transcription Polymerase Chain Reaction (RT-PCR) technique, we identified 27 unique full-length PLA<sub>2</sub> transcripts, including nine sequences identical to the previously documented ones in the database and one novel GIII-like PLA<sub>2</sub>. Two common transcripts respectively encoding Asp49 and Lys49 PLA<sub>2</sub> isoforms were identified in all three cottonmouth venoms that contain more PLA<sub>2</sub> transcripts than diamondback rattlesnake venoms. The placement of cloned PLA<sub>2</sub> transcripts in snake venom PLA<sub>2</sub>s was further discussed by phylogenetic analysis. The procedure developed in this study paves the way for accelerated acquisition of transcriptome data on any other venom toxin families. The results obtained are crucial for insight into the structure and function of PLA<sub>2</sub> isoforms for scientific and potential therapeutic purposes. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-13T07:27:13Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-9dff1fe33d804f7f81cf888291985c90 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2072-6651 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-13T07:27:13Z |
| publishDate | 2019-01-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Toxins |
| spelling | doaj.art-9dff1fe33d804f7f81cf888291985c902022-12-22T02:56:28ZengMDPI AGToxins2072-66512019-01-011126910.3390/toxins11020069toxins11020069Rapid Identification of Phospholipase A<sub>2</sub> Transcripts from Snake VenomsYing Jia0Pablo Olvera1Frida Rangel2Bianca Mendez3Samir Reddy4Biology Department, The University of Texas Rio Grande Valley, Brownsville, TX 78520, USABiology Department, The University of Texas Rio Grande Valley, Brownsville, TX 78520, USAMathematics and Science Academy, The University of Texas Rio Grande Valley, Brownsville, TX 78520, USAMathematics and Science Academy, The University of Texas Rio Grande Valley, Brownsville, TX 78520, USAMathematics and Science Academy, The University of Texas Rio Grande Valley, Brownsville, TX 78520, USAPhospholipase A<sub>2</sub> (PLA<sub>2</sub>) is a major component in snake venoms and it is found in many different isoforms. To identify transcripts encoding different PLA<sub>2</sub> isoforms, we developed a simple, rapid procedure. Total RNA was extracted from the venoms of three cottonmouth snakes and two diamondback rattlesnakes, and further reverse-transcribed into complementary DNA (cDNA). Using one pair of cottonmouth PLA<sub>2</sub>-specific primers and Reverse Transcription Polymerase Chain Reaction (RT-PCR) technique, we identified 27 unique full-length PLA<sub>2</sub> transcripts, including nine sequences identical to the previously documented ones in the database and one novel GIII-like PLA<sub>2</sub>. Two common transcripts respectively encoding Asp49 and Lys49 PLA<sub>2</sub> isoforms were identified in all three cottonmouth venoms that contain more PLA<sub>2</sub> transcripts than diamondback rattlesnake venoms. The placement of cloned PLA<sub>2</sub> transcripts in snake venom PLA<sub>2</sub>s was further discussed by phylogenetic analysis. The procedure developed in this study paves the way for accelerated acquisition of transcriptome data on any other venom toxin families. The results obtained are crucial for insight into the structure and function of PLA<sub>2</sub> isoforms for scientific and potential therapeutic purposes.https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6651/11/2/69snake venomphospholipase A<sub>2</sub> transcriptBayesian inference |
| spellingShingle | Ying Jia Pablo Olvera Frida Rangel Bianca Mendez Samir Reddy Rapid Identification of Phospholipase A<sub>2</sub> Transcripts from Snake Venoms Toxins snake venom phospholipase A<sub>2</sub> transcript Bayesian inference |
| title | Rapid Identification of Phospholipase A<sub>2</sub> Transcripts from Snake Venoms |
| title_full | Rapid Identification of Phospholipase A<sub>2</sub> Transcripts from Snake Venoms |
| title_fullStr | Rapid Identification of Phospholipase A<sub>2</sub> Transcripts from Snake Venoms |
| title_full_unstemmed | Rapid Identification of Phospholipase A<sub>2</sub> Transcripts from Snake Venoms |
| title_short | Rapid Identification of Phospholipase A<sub>2</sub> Transcripts from Snake Venoms |
| title_sort | rapid identification of phospholipase a sub 2 sub transcripts from snake venoms |
| topic | snake venom phospholipase A<sub>2</sub> transcript Bayesian inference |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6651/11/2/69 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT yingjia rapididentificationofphospholipaseasub2subtranscriptsfromsnakevenoms AT pabloolvera rapididentificationofphospholipaseasub2subtranscriptsfromsnakevenoms AT fridarangel rapididentificationofphospholipaseasub2subtranscriptsfromsnakevenoms AT biancamendez rapididentificationofphospholipaseasub2subtranscriptsfromsnakevenoms AT samirreddy rapididentificationofphospholipaseasub2subtranscriptsfromsnakevenoms |