Uncovering the biogeographic pattern of the widespread nematode-trapping fungi Arthrobotrys oligospora: watershed is the key
Studies of biogeographic patterns of fungi have long been behind those of plants and animals. The presence of worldwide species, the lack of systematic sampling design and adequate sampling effort, and the lack of research units are responsible for this status. This study investigates the biogeograp...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Frontiers Media S.A.
2023-04-01
|
| Series: | Frontiers in Microbiology |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmicb.2023.1152751/full |
| _version_ | 1797843795572686848 |
|---|---|
| author | Wei Deng Wei Deng Wei Deng Fa Zhang Fa Zhang Fa Zhang Yan-Peng Li Yan-Peng Li Yan-Peng Li Yan-Peng Li Xin Zhang Xin Zhang Xin Zhang Davide Fornacca Davide Fornacca Davide Fornacca Xiao-Yan Yang Xiao-Yan Yang Xiao-Yan Yang Wen Xiao Wen Xiao Wen Xiao Wen Xiao |
| author_facet | Wei Deng Wei Deng Wei Deng Fa Zhang Fa Zhang Fa Zhang Yan-Peng Li Yan-Peng Li Yan-Peng Li Yan-Peng Li Xin Zhang Xin Zhang Xin Zhang Davide Fornacca Davide Fornacca Davide Fornacca Xiao-Yan Yang Xiao-Yan Yang Xiao-Yan Yang Wen Xiao Wen Xiao Wen Xiao Wen Xiao |
| author_sort | Wei Deng |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Studies of biogeographic patterns of fungi have long been behind those of plants and animals. The presence of worldwide species, the lack of systematic sampling design and adequate sampling effort, and the lack of research units are responsible for this status. This study investigates the biogeographical patterns of Arthrobotrys oligospora, the most widespread globally distributed nematode-trapping fungi (NTF), by stratified collecting and analyzing 2,250 samples from 228 sites in Yunnan Province, China. The A. oligospora was isolated, and 149 strains were subjected to ITS, TUB, TEF and RPB2 gene sequencing and multi-gene association phylogeographic analysis. The results show that at population level A. oligospora is randomly distributed throughout Yunnan Province and has no biogeographical distribution pattern. At the genetic level, the phylogenetic tree of A. oligospora diverges into five major evolutionary clades, with a low degree of gene flow between the five clades. However, the correlation between the phylogenetic diversity of A. oligospora and geographical factors was low. There was no clear pattern in the phylogenetic clades distribution of A. oligospora either without dividing the study unit or when the grid was used as the study unit. When watersheds were used as the study unit, 67.4%, 63.3%, 65.9%, 83.3%, and 66.7% of clade 1–5 strains were distributed in the Jinsha river, Red river, Peal river, Lancang river, and Nujiang-Irawaddy river watersheds, respectively. The clades distribution of A. oligospora was highly consistent with the watersheds distribution. Training predictions of the clades distributions using randomly generated polygons were also less accurate than watersheds. These results suggest that watersheds are key to discovering the biogeographic distribution patterns of A. oligospora. The A. oligospora populations are blocked by mountains in the watershed, and gene flow barriers have occurred, which may have resulted in the formation of multiple cryptic species. Watersheds are also ideal for understanding such speciation processes, explaining factors affecting biodiversity distribution and coupling studies of plant and animal and microbial diversity. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-09T17:11:45Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-9e10ba58750242b6a529c4c6c30e14bd |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1664-302X |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-09T17:11:45Z |
| publishDate | 2023-04-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Microbiology |
| spelling | doaj.art-9e10ba58750242b6a529c4c6c30e14bd2023-04-20T05:52:47ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Microbiology1664-302X2023-04-011410.3389/fmicb.2023.11527511152751Uncovering the biogeographic pattern of the widespread nematode-trapping fungi Arthrobotrys oligospora: watershed is the keyWei Deng0Wei Deng1Wei Deng2Fa Zhang3Fa Zhang4Fa Zhang5Yan-Peng Li6Yan-Peng Li7Yan-Peng Li8Yan-Peng Li9Xin Zhang10Xin Zhang11Xin Zhang12Davide Fornacca13Davide Fornacca14Davide Fornacca15Xiao-Yan Yang16Xiao-Yan Yang17Xiao-Yan Yang18Wen Xiao19Wen Xiao20Wen Xiao21Wen Xiao22Institute of Eastern-Himalaya Biodiversity Research, Dali University, Dali, Yunnan, ChinaCollaborative Innovation Center for Biodiversity and Conservation in the Three Parallel Rivers Region of China, Dali, Yunnan, ChinaThe Provincial Innovation Team of Biodiversity Conservation and Utility of the Three Parallel Rivers Region, Dali University, Dali, Yunnan, ChinaInstitute of Eastern-Himalaya Biodiversity Research, Dali University, Dali, Yunnan, ChinaCollaborative Innovation Center for Biodiversity and Conservation in the Three Parallel Rivers Region of China, Dali, Yunnan, ChinaThe Provincial Innovation Team of Biodiversity Conservation and Utility of the Three Parallel Rivers Region, Dali University, Dali, Yunnan, ChinaInstitute of Eastern-Himalaya Biodiversity Research, Dali University, Dali, Yunnan, ChinaCollaborative Innovation Center for Biodiversity and Conservation in the Three Parallel Rivers Region of China, Dali, Yunnan, ChinaThe Provincial Innovation Team of Biodiversity Conservation and Utility of the Three Parallel Rivers Region, Dali University, Dali, Yunnan, ChinaYunling Black-and-White Snub-Nosed Monkey Observation and Research Station of Yunnan Province, Dali, Yunnan, ChinaInstitute of Eastern-Himalaya Biodiversity Research, Dali University, Dali, Yunnan, ChinaCollaborative Innovation Center for Biodiversity and Conservation in the Three Parallel Rivers Region of China, Dali, Yunnan, ChinaThe Provincial Innovation Team of Biodiversity Conservation and Utility of the Three Parallel Rivers Region, Dali University, Dali, Yunnan, ChinaInstitute of Eastern-Himalaya Biodiversity Research, Dali University, Dali, Yunnan, ChinaCollaborative Innovation Center for Biodiversity and Conservation in the Three Parallel Rivers Region of China, Dali, Yunnan, ChinaThe Provincial Innovation Team of Biodiversity Conservation and Utility of the Three Parallel Rivers Region, Dali University, Dali, Yunnan, ChinaInstitute of Eastern-Himalaya Biodiversity Research, Dali University, Dali, Yunnan, ChinaCollaborative Innovation Center for Biodiversity and Conservation in the Three Parallel Rivers Region of China, Dali, Yunnan, ChinaThe Provincial Innovation Team of Biodiversity Conservation and Utility of the Three Parallel Rivers Region, Dali University, Dali, Yunnan, ChinaInstitute of Eastern-Himalaya Biodiversity Research, Dali University, Dali, Yunnan, ChinaCollaborative Innovation Center for Biodiversity and Conservation in the Three Parallel Rivers Region of China, Dali, Yunnan, ChinaThe Provincial Innovation Team of Biodiversity Conservation and Utility of the Three Parallel Rivers Region, Dali University, Dali, Yunnan, ChinaYunling Black-and-White Snub-Nosed Monkey Observation and Research Station of Yunnan Province, Dali, Yunnan, ChinaStudies of biogeographic patterns of fungi have long been behind those of plants and animals. The presence of worldwide species, the lack of systematic sampling design and adequate sampling effort, and the lack of research units are responsible for this status. This study investigates the biogeographical patterns of Arthrobotrys oligospora, the most widespread globally distributed nematode-trapping fungi (NTF), by stratified collecting and analyzing 2,250 samples from 228 sites in Yunnan Province, China. The A. oligospora was isolated, and 149 strains were subjected to ITS, TUB, TEF and RPB2 gene sequencing and multi-gene association phylogeographic analysis. The results show that at population level A. oligospora is randomly distributed throughout Yunnan Province and has no biogeographical distribution pattern. At the genetic level, the phylogenetic tree of A. oligospora diverges into five major evolutionary clades, with a low degree of gene flow between the five clades. However, the correlation between the phylogenetic diversity of A. oligospora and geographical factors was low. There was no clear pattern in the phylogenetic clades distribution of A. oligospora either without dividing the study unit or when the grid was used as the study unit. When watersheds were used as the study unit, 67.4%, 63.3%, 65.9%, 83.3%, and 66.7% of clade 1–5 strains were distributed in the Jinsha river, Red river, Peal river, Lancang river, and Nujiang-Irawaddy river watersheds, respectively. The clades distribution of A. oligospora was highly consistent with the watersheds distribution. Training predictions of the clades distributions using randomly generated polygons were also less accurate than watersheds. These results suggest that watersheds are key to discovering the biogeographic distribution patterns of A. oligospora. The A. oligospora populations are blocked by mountains in the watershed, and gene flow barriers have occurred, which may have resulted in the formation of multiple cryptic species. Watersheds are also ideal for understanding such speciation processes, explaining factors affecting biodiversity distribution and coupling studies of plant and animal and microbial diversity.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmicb.2023.1152751/fullresearch unitfungi diversityphylogeographic patternspatial distributionriver |
| spellingShingle | Wei Deng Wei Deng Wei Deng Fa Zhang Fa Zhang Fa Zhang Yan-Peng Li Yan-Peng Li Yan-Peng Li Yan-Peng Li Xin Zhang Xin Zhang Xin Zhang Davide Fornacca Davide Fornacca Davide Fornacca Xiao-Yan Yang Xiao-Yan Yang Xiao-Yan Yang Wen Xiao Wen Xiao Wen Xiao Wen Xiao Uncovering the biogeographic pattern of the widespread nematode-trapping fungi Arthrobotrys oligospora: watershed is the key Frontiers in Microbiology research unit fungi diversity phylogeographic pattern spatial distribution river |
| title | Uncovering the biogeographic pattern of the widespread nematode-trapping fungi Arthrobotrys oligospora: watershed is the key |
| title_full | Uncovering the biogeographic pattern of the widespread nematode-trapping fungi Arthrobotrys oligospora: watershed is the key |
| title_fullStr | Uncovering the biogeographic pattern of the widespread nematode-trapping fungi Arthrobotrys oligospora: watershed is the key |
| title_full_unstemmed | Uncovering the biogeographic pattern of the widespread nematode-trapping fungi Arthrobotrys oligospora: watershed is the key |
| title_short | Uncovering the biogeographic pattern of the widespread nematode-trapping fungi Arthrobotrys oligospora: watershed is the key |
| title_sort | uncovering the biogeographic pattern of the widespread nematode trapping fungi arthrobotrys oligospora watershed is the key |
| topic | research unit fungi diversity phylogeographic pattern spatial distribution river |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmicb.2023.1152751/full |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT weideng uncoveringthebiogeographicpatternofthewidespreadnematodetrappingfungiarthrobotrysoligosporawatershedisthekey AT weideng uncoveringthebiogeographicpatternofthewidespreadnematodetrappingfungiarthrobotrysoligosporawatershedisthekey AT weideng uncoveringthebiogeographicpatternofthewidespreadnematodetrappingfungiarthrobotrysoligosporawatershedisthekey AT fazhang uncoveringthebiogeographicpatternofthewidespreadnematodetrappingfungiarthrobotrysoligosporawatershedisthekey AT fazhang uncoveringthebiogeographicpatternofthewidespreadnematodetrappingfungiarthrobotrysoligosporawatershedisthekey AT fazhang uncoveringthebiogeographicpatternofthewidespreadnematodetrappingfungiarthrobotrysoligosporawatershedisthekey AT yanpengli uncoveringthebiogeographicpatternofthewidespreadnematodetrappingfungiarthrobotrysoligosporawatershedisthekey AT yanpengli uncoveringthebiogeographicpatternofthewidespreadnematodetrappingfungiarthrobotrysoligosporawatershedisthekey AT yanpengli uncoveringthebiogeographicpatternofthewidespreadnematodetrappingfungiarthrobotrysoligosporawatershedisthekey AT yanpengli uncoveringthebiogeographicpatternofthewidespreadnematodetrappingfungiarthrobotrysoligosporawatershedisthekey AT xinzhang uncoveringthebiogeographicpatternofthewidespreadnematodetrappingfungiarthrobotrysoligosporawatershedisthekey AT xinzhang uncoveringthebiogeographicpatternofthewidespreadnematodetrappingfungiarthrobotrysoligosporawatershedisthekey AT xinzhang uncoveringthebiogeographicpatternofthewidespreadnematodetrappingfungiarthrobotrysoligosporawatershedisthekey AT davidefornacca uncoveringthebiogeographicpatternofthewidespreadnematodetrappingfungiarthrobotrysoligosporawatershedisthekey AT davidefornacca uncoveringthebiogeographicpatternofthewidespreadnematodetrappingfungiarthrobotrysoligosporawatershedisthekey AT davidefornacca uncoveringthebiogeographicpatternofthewidespreadnematodetrappingfungiarthrobotrysoligosporawatershedisthekey AT xiaoyanyang uncoveringthebiogeographicpatternofthewidespreadnematodetrappingfungiarthrobotrysoligosporawatershedisthekey AT xiaoyanyang uncoveringthebiogeographicpatternofthewidespreadnematodetrappingfungiarthrobotrysoligosporawatershedisthekey AT xiaoyanyang uncoveringthebiogeographicpatternofthewidespreadnematodetrappingfungiarthrobotrysoligosporawatershedisthekey AT wenxiao uncoveringthebiogeographicpatternofthewidespreadnematodetrappingfungiarthrobotrysoligosporawatershedisthekey AT wenxiao uncoveringthebiogeographicpatternofthewidespreadnematodetrappingfungiarthrobotrysoligosporawatershedisthekey AT wenxiao uncoveringthebiogeographicpatternofthewidespreadnematodetrappingfungiarthrobotrysoligosporawatershedisthekey AT wenxiao uncoveringthebiogeographicpatternofthewidespreadnematodetrappingfungiarthrobotrysoligosporawatershedisthekey |