Phase Separation in a Novel Selective Lithium Extraction from Citrate Media with D2EHPA
Lithium-ion battery (LIB) recycling has received continued interest in recent years due to its benefits, which include reducing the environmental impact of spent LIBs and providing a secondary source of valuable metals, such as Li, Co, and Ni. This paper characterized the Li separation with D2EHPA f...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2022-08-01
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| Series: | Metals |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2075-4701/12/9/1400 |
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| author | Tiaan Punt Steven M. Bradshaw Petrie Van Wyk Guven Akdogan |
| author_facet | Tiaan Punt Steven M. Bradshaw Petrie Van Wyk Guven Akdogan |
| author_sort | Tiaan Punt |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Lithium-ion battery (LIB) recycling has received continued interest in recent years due to its benefits, which include reducing the environmental impact of spent LIBs and providing a secondary source of valuable metals, such as Li, Co, and Ni. This paper characterized the Li separation with D2EHPA from citrate media as a function of pH and identified the optimal overall Li separation at a pH of 5.5. The Li separation was optimized at a pH of 5.5, with which it was concluded that 23 vol.% D2EHPA and an O/A ratio of 4 provided the best Li separation, for which 66.1% Li was extracted with 26.9% residual Mn, 6.8% Co, and 7.7% Ni in a single stage. The formation of a reversible hydrophobic third phase was identified during Li extraction at a pH of 5.5 or greater. Investigation of the third phase revealed that more than 99% of the Li, Co, and Ni were extracted to the third phase, while more than 69% of the Mn was extracted to the organic phase. STEM images of the third phase revealed a honeycomb-like structure, which was hypothesized to be a 2D mesoporous film caused by the insolubility of the organometallic complexes in the aqueous and organic phase. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T23:10:57Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-9e15e369c6614a2696c598a2d421a355 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2075-4701 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T23:10:57Z |
| publishDate | 2022-08-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Metals |
| spelling | doaj.art-9e15e369c6614a2696c598a2d421a3552023-11-23T17:45:24ZengMDPI AGMetals2075-47012022-08-01129140010.3390/met12091400Phase Separation in a Novel Selective Lithium Extraction from Citrate Media with D2EHPATiaan Punt0Steven M. Bradshaw1Petrie Van Wyk2Guven Akdogan3Department of Process Engineering, Stellenbosch University, Private Bag X1, Matieland 7602, South AfricaDepartment of Process Engineering, Stellenbosch University, Private Bag X1, Matieland 7602, South AfricaDepartment of Process Engineering, Stellenbosch University, Private Bag X1, Matieland 7602, South AfricaDepartment of Process Engineering, Stellenbosch University, Private Bag X1, Matieland 7602, South AfricaLithium-ion battery (LIB) recycling has received continued interest in recent years due to its benefits, which include reducing the environmental impact of spent LIBs and providing a secondary source of valuable metals, such as Li, Co, and Ni. This paper characterized the Li separation with D2EHPA from citrate media as a function of pH and identified the optimal overall Li separation at a pH of 5.5. The Li separation was optimized at a pH of 5.5, with which it was concluded that 23 vol.% D2EHPA and an O/A ratio of 4 provided the best Li separation, for which 66.1% Li was extracted with 26.9% residual Mn, 6.8% Co, and 7.7% Ni in a single stage. The formation of a reversible hydrophobic third phase was identified during Li extraction at a pH of 5.5 or greater. Investigation of the third phase revealed that more than 99% of the Li, Co, and Ni were extracted to the third phase, while more than 69% of the Mn was extracted to the organic phase. STEM images of the third phase revealed a honeycomb-like structure, which was hypothesized to be a 2D mesoporous film caused by the insolubility of the organometallic complexes in the aqueous and organic phase.https://www.mdpi.com/2075-4701/12/9/1400hydrometallurgylithium-ion batteriescitric acidsolvent extractionlithiumextractive metallurgy |
| spellingShingle | Tiaan Punt Steven M. Bradshaw Petrie Van Wyk Guven Akdogan Phase Separation in a Novel Selective Lithium Extraction from Citrate Media with D2EHPA Metals hydrometallurgy lithium-ion batteries citric acid solvent extraction lithium extractive metallurgy |
| title | Phase Separation in a Novel Selective Lithium Extraction from Citrate Media with D2EHPA |
| title_full | Phase Separation in a Novel Selective Lithium Extraction from Citrate Media with D2EHPA |
| title_fullStr | Phase Separation in a Novel Selective Lithium Extraction from Citrate Media with D2EHPA |
| title_full_unstemmed | Phase Separation in a Novel Selective Lithium Extraction from Citrate Media with D2EHPA |
| title_short | Phase Separation in a Novel Selective Lithium Extraction from Citrate Media with D2EHPA |
| title_sort | phase separation in a novel selective lithium extraction from citrate media with d2ehpa |
| topic | hydrometallurgy lithium-ion batteries citric acid solvent extraction lithium extractive metallurgy |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2075-4701/12/9/1400 |
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