Effect of Reducing the Size and Number of Faces of Polyhedral Specimen on Wood Characterization by Ultrasound
The complete characterization of wood, with the determination of the 12 elastic constants that represent its orthotropy, is greatly relevant in applications employing structural calculation software programs. Ultrasound allows for such characterization with relative simplicity when compared to other...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2023-07-01
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| Series: | Materials |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1944/16/13/4870 |
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| author | Cinthya Bertoldo Geise Aparecida Pereira Raquel Gonçalves |
| author_facet | Cinthya Bertoldo Geise Aparecida Pereira Raquel Gonçalves |
| author_sort | Cinthya Bertoldo |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The complete characterization of wood, with the determination of the 12 elastic constants that represent its orthotropy, is greatly relevant in applications employing structural calculation software programs. Ultrasound allows for such characterization with relative simplicity when compared to other methods. The polyhedron is considered the most appropriate specimen format for allowing the 12 constants to be calculated with a single specimen, and the traditionally used one is the 26-sided polyhedron, which, to be produced manually with more precision in directing the main directions of the wood, needs larger faces. The accuracy of this technique tends to be reduced when increasing the growth rings’ inclination since the waves deviate from the main directions of orthotropy. This research aimed to verify whether it is possible to reduce the polyhedra dimension without affecting the results of the elastic parameters obtained in wood characterization by ultrasound. The results indicate that the dimension of the polyhedron can be reduced without prejudice to the results of the elastic parameters obtained by the ultrasound test and that, in the manual production process of the specimen, the best way to make this reduction is to eliminate the faces unused in the test, changing the polyhedron to 18 faces instead of 26. Reducing the number of faces simplifies the manufacturing process and thus increases the possibility of producing specimens with straighter growth rings and better-directed symmetry axes. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-11T01:35:25Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-9e2f28490eff49ec87dfdf72fc8a1fc9 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1996-1944 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-11T01:35:25Z |
| publishDate | 2023-07-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Materials |
| spelling | doaj.art-9e2f28490eff49ec87dfdf72fc8a1fc92023-11-18T17:01:04ZengMDPI AGMaterials1996-19442023-07-011613487010.3390/ma16134870Effect of Reducing the Size and Number of Faces of Polyhedral Specimen on Wood Characterization by UltrasoundCinthya Bertoldo0Geise Aparecida Pereira1Raquel Gonçalves2Laboratory of Nondestructive Testing—LabEND, School of Agricultural Engineering—FEAGRI, University of Campinas—UNICAMP, Av. Cândido Rondon, 501-Barão Geraldo, Campinas 13083-875, BrazilLaboratory of Nondestructive Testing—LabEND, School of Agricultural Engineering—FEAGRI, University of Campinas—UNICAMP, Av. Cândido Rondon, 501-Barão Geraldo, Campinas 13083-875, BrazilLaboratory of Nondestructive Testing—LabEND, School of Agricultural Engineering—FEAGRI, University of Campinas—UNICAMP, Av. Cândido Rondon, 501-Barão Geraldo, Campinas 13083-875, BrazilThe complete characterization of wood, with the determination of the 12 elastic constants that represent its orthotropy, is greatly relevant in applications employing structural calculation software programs. Ultrasound allows for such characterization with relative simplicity when compared to other methods. The polyhedron is considered the most appropriate specimen format for allowing the 12 constants to be calculated with a single specimen, and the traditionally used one is the 26-sided polyhedron, which, to be produced manually with more precision in directing the main directions of the wood, needs larger faces. The accuracy of this technique tends to be reduced when increasing the growth rings’ inclination since the waves deviate from the main directions of orthotropy. This research aimed to verify whether it is possible to reduce the polyhedra dimension without affecting the results of the elastic parameters obtained in wood characterization by ultrasound. The results indicate that the dimension of the polyhedron can be reduced without prejudice to the results of the elastic parameters obtained by the ultrasound test and that, in the manual production process of the specimen, the best way to make this reduction is to eliminate the faces unused in the test, changing the polyhedron to 18 faces instead of 26. Reducing the number of faces simplifies the manufacturing process and thus increases the possibility of producing specimens with straighter growth rings and better-directed symmetry axes.https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1944/16/13/4870longitudinal modulus of elasticityshear modulusPoisson’s ratiogrowth rings’ inclination |
| spellingShingle | Cinthya Bertoldo Geise Aparecida Pereira Raquel Gonçalves Effect of Reducing the Size and Number of Faces of Polyhedral Specimen on Wood Characterization by Ultrasound Materials longitudinal modulus of elasticity shear modulus Poisson’s ratio growth rings’ inclination |
| title | Effect of Reducing the Size and Number of Faces of Polyhedral Specimen on Wood Characterization by Ultrasound |
| title_full | Effect of Reducing the Size and Number of Faces of Polyhedral Specimen on Wood Characterization by Ultrasound |
| title_fullStr | Effect of Reducing the Size and Number of Faces of Polyhedral Specimen on Wood Characterization by Ultrasound |
| title_full_unstemmed | Effect of Reducing the Size and Number of Faces of Polyhedral Specimen on Wood Characterization by Ultrasound |
| title_short | Effect of Reducing the Size and Number of Faces of Polyhedral Specimen on Wood Characterization by Ultrasound |
| title_sort | effect of reducing the size and number of faces of polyhedral specimen on wood characterization by ultrasound |
| topic | longitudinal modulus of elasticity shear modulus Poisson’s ratio growth rings’ inclination |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1944/16/13/4870 |
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