Lipid Metabolism at Membrane Contacts: Dynamics and Functions Beyond Lipid Homeostasis
Membrane contact sites (MCSs), regions where the membranes of two organelles are closely apposed, play critical roles in inter-organelle communication, such as lipid trafficking, intracellular signaling, and organelle biogenesis and division. First identified as “fraction X” in the early 90s, MCSs a...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2020-12-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fcell.2020.615856/full |
| _version_ | 1818622604552962048 |
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| author | Jiesi Xu Xun Huang Xun Huang |
| author_facet | Jiesi Xu Xun Huang Xun Huang |
| author_sort | Jiesi Xu |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Membrane contact sites (MCSs), regions where the membranes of two organelles are closely apposed, play critical roles in inter-organelle communication, such as lipid trafficking, intracellular signaling, and organelle biogenesis and division. First identified as “fraction X” in the early 90s, MCSs are now widely recognized to facilitate local lipid synthesis and inter-organelle lipid transfer, which are important for maintaining cellular lipid homeostasis. In this review, we discuss lipid metabolism and related cellular and physiological functions in MCSs. We start with the characteristics of lipid synthesis and breakdown at MCSs. Then we focus on proteins involved in lipid synthesis and turnover at these sites. Lastly, we summarize the cellular function of lipid metabolism at MCSs beyond mere lipid homeostasis, including the physiological meaning and relevance of MCSs regarding systemic lipid metabolism. This article is part of an article collection entitled: Coupling and Uncoupling: Dynamic Control of Membrane Contacts. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-16T18:27:49Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-9e554d495f4d40ac8e8d60069752a352 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2296-634X |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-16T18:27:49Z |
| publishDate | 2020-12-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology |
| spelling | doaj.art-9e554d495f4d40ac8e8d60069752a3522022-12-21T22:21:22ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology2296-634X2020-12-01810.3389/fcell.2020.615856615856Lipid Metabolism at Membrane Contacts: Dynamics and Functions Beyond Lipid HomeostasisJiesi Xu0Xun Huang1Xun Huang2State Key Laboratory of Molecular Developmental Biology, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Innovation Academy for Seed Design, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, ChinaState Key Laboratory of Molecular Developmental Biology, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Innovation Academy for Seed Design, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, ChinaCollege of Advanced Agricultural Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, ChinaMembrane contact sites (MCSs), regions where the membranes of two organelles are closely apposed, play critical roles in inter-organelle communication, such as lipid trafficking, intracellular signaling, and organelle biogenesis and division. First identified as “fraction X” in the early 90s, MCSs are now widely recognized to facilitate local lipid synthesis and inter-organelle lipid transfer, which are important for maintaining cellular lipid homeostasis. In this review, we discuss lipid metabolism and related cellular and physiological functions in MCSs. We start with the characteristics of lipid synthesis and breakdown at MCSs. Then we focus on proteins involved in lipid synthesis and turnover at these sites. Lastly, we summarize the cellular function of lipid metabolism at MCSs beyond mere lipid homeostasis, including the physiological meaning and relevance of MCSs regarding systemic lipid metabolism. This article is part of an article collection entitled: Coupling and Uncoupling: Dynamic Control of Membrane Contacts.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fcell.2020.615856/fulllipid biosynthesislipid degradationmembrane contact sitelipid functionslipid composition |
| spellingShingle | Jiesi Xu Xun Huang Xun Huang Lipid Metabolism at Membrane Contacts: Dynamics and Functions Beyond Lipid Homeostasis Frontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology lipid biosynthesis lipid degradation membrane contact site lipid functions lipid composition |
| title | Lipid Metabolism at Membrane Contacts: Dynamics and Functions Beyond Lipid Homeostasis |
| title_full | Lipid Metabolism at Membrane Contacts: Dynamics and Functions Beyond Lipid Homeostasis |
| title_fullStr | Lipid Metabolism at Membrane Contacts: Dynamics and Functions Beyond Lipid Homeostasis |
| title_full_unstemmed | Lipid Metabolism at Membrane Contacts: Dynamics and Functions Beyond Lipid Homeostasis |
| title_short | Lipid Metabolism at Membrane Contacts: Dynamics and Functions Beyond Lipid Homeostasis |
| title_sort | lipid metabolism at membrane contacts dynamics and functions beyond lipid homeostasis |
| topic | lipid biosynthesis lipid degradation membrane contact site lipid functions lipid composition |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fcell.2020.615856/full |
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