Nutrigenomic Effects of White Rice and Brown Rice on the Pathogenesis of Metabolic Disorders in a Fruit Fly Model
Consumption of white rice (WR) has been shown to predispose individuals to metabolic disorders. However, brown rice (BR), which is relatively richer in bioactive compounds, possesses anti-glycaemic and antioxidant effects. In this study, fifteen cultivars of paddy rice that are predominantly consume...
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MDPI AG
2023-01-01
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| Series: | Molecules |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/28/2/532 |
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| author | Saheed Olanrewaju Saka Yusuf Yahaya Salisu Hauwa’u Muhammad Sahabi Kamaldeen Olalekan Sanusi Kasimu Ghandi Ibrahim Murtala Bello Abubakar Suleiman Ahmed Isa Muhammad Gidado Liman Sha’aya’u Shehu Ibrahim Malami Kim Wei Chan Nur Hanisah Azmi Mustapha Umar Imam |
| author_facet | Saheed Olanrewaju Saka Yusuf Yahaya Salisu Hauwa’u Muhammad Sahabi Kamaldeen Olalekan Sanusi Kasimu Ghandi Ibrahim Murtala Bello Abubakar Suleiman Ahmed Isa Muhammad Gidado Liman Sha’aya’u Shehu Ibrahim Malami Kim Wei Chan Nur Hanisah Azmi Mustapha Umar Imam |
| author_sort | Saheed Olanrewaju Saka |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Consumption of white rice (WR) has been shown to predispose individuals to metabolic disorders. However, brown rice (BR), which is relatively richer in bioactive compounds, possesses anti-glycaemic and antioxidant effects. In this study, fifteen cultivars of paddy rice that are predominantly consumed in North West Nigeria were analysed for their nutritional composition, bioactive contents and effects on metabolic outcomes in a fruit fly model. Gene expression analyses were conducted on the whole fly, targeting <i>dPEPCK</i>, <i>dIRS</i>, and <i>dACC.</i> The protein, carbohydrate, and fibre contents and bioactives of all BR cultivars were significantly different (<i>p</i> < 0.05) from the WR cultivars. Moreover, it was demonstrated that the glucose and trehalose levels were significantly higher (<i>p</i> < 0.05), while glycogen was significantly lower (<i>p</i> < 0.05) in the WR groups compared to the BR groups. Similarly, the expression of <i>dACC</i> and <i>dPEPCK</i> was upregulated, while that of <i>dIRS</i> was downregulated in the WR groups compared to the BR groups. Sex differences (<i>p</i> < 0.05) were observed in the WR groups in relation to the nutrigenomic effects. Our findings confirm metabolic perturbations in fruit flies following consumption of WR via distortion of insulin signalling and activation of glycogenolysis and gluconeogenesis. BR prevented these metabolic changes possibly due to its richer nutritional composition. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T11:37:20Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-9e759ca6b08149a3ac0831a31d124a63 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1420-3049 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T11:37:20Z |
| publishDate | 2023-01-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Molecules |
| spelling | doaj.art-9e759ca6b08149a3ac0831a31d124a632023-11-30T23:41:11ZengMDPI AGMolecules1420-30492023-01-0128253210.3390/molecules28020532Nutrigenomic Effects of White Rice and Brown Rice on the Pathogenesis of Metabolic Disorders in a Fruit Fly ModelSaheed Olanrewaju Saka0Yusuf Yahaya Salisu1Hauwa’u Muhammad Sahabi2Kamaldeen Olalekan Sanusi3Kasimu Ghandi Ibrahim4Murtala Bello Abubakar5Suleiman Ahmed Isa6Muhammad Gidado Liman7Sha’aya’u Shehu8Ibrahim Malami9Kim Wei Chan10Nur Hanisah Azmi11Mustapha Umar Imam12Centre for Advanced Medical Research and Training, Usmanu Danfodiyo University, Sokoto P.M.B. 2254, NigeriaCentre for Advanced Medical Research and Training, Usmanu Danfodiyo University, Sokoto P.M.B. 2254, NigeriaCentre for Advanced Medical Research and Training, Usmanu Danfodiyo University, Sokoto P.M.B. 2254, NigeriaCentre for Advanced Medical Research and Training, Usmanu Danfodiyo University, Sokoto P.M.B. 2254, NigeriaCentre for Advanced Medical Research and Training, Usmanu Danfodiyo University, Sokoto P.M.B. 2254, NigeriaCentre for Advanced Medical Research and Training, Usmanu Danfodiyo University, Sokoto P.M.B. 2254, NigeriaDepartment of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Science, Usmanu Danfodiyo University, Sokoto P.M.B. 2346, NigeriaDepartment of Pure and Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Usmanu Danfodiyo University, Sokoto P.M.B. 2346, NigeriaDepartment of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Science, Usmanu Danfodiyo University, Sokoto P.M.B. 2346, NigeriaCentre for Advanced Medical Research and Training, Usmanu Danfodiyo University, Sokoto P.M.B. 2254, NigeriaNatural Medicines and Products Research Laboratory, Institute of Bioscience, Universiti Putra Malaysia, UPM, Serdang 43400, Selangor, MalaysiaFaculty of Food Science and Nutrition, Universiti Malaysia Sabah, Kota Kinabalu 88400, Sabah, MalaysiaCentre for Advanced Medical Research and Training, Usmanu Danfodiyo University, Sokoto P.M.B. 2254, NigeriaConsumption of white rice (WR) has been shown to predispose individuals to metabolic disorders. However, brown rice (BR), which is relatively richer in bioactive compounds, possesses anti-glycaemic and antioxidant effects. In this study, fifteen cultivars of paddy rice that are predominantly consumed in North West Nigeria were analysed for their nutritional composition, bioactive contents and effects on metabolic outcomes in a fruit fly model. Gene expression analyses were conducted on the whole fly, targeting <i>dPEPCK</i>, <i>dIRS</i>, and <i>dACC.</i> The protein, carbohydrate, and fibre contents and bioactives of all BR cultivars were significantly different (<i>p</i> < 0.05) from the WR cultivars. Moreover, it was demonstrated that the glucose and trehalose levels were significantly higher (<i>p</i> < 0.05), while glycogen was significantly lower (<i>p</i> < 0.05) in the WR groups compared to the BR groups. Similarly, the expression of <i>dACC</i> and <i>dPEPCK</i> was upregulated, while that of <i>dIRS</i> was downregulated in the WR groups compared to the BR groups. Sex differences (<i>p</i> < 0.05) were observed in the WR groups in relation to the nutrigenomic effects. Our findings confirm metabolic perturbations in fruit flies following consumption of WR via distortion of insulin signalling and activation of glycogenolysis and gluconeogenesis. BR prevented these metabolic changes possibly due to its richer nutritional composition.https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/28/2/532brown ricewhite ricemetabolic syndromeinsulin resistance<i>dPEPCK</i><i>dIRS</i> |
| spellingShingle | Saheed Olanrewaju Saka Yusuf Yahaya Salisu Hauwa’u Muhammad Sahabi Kamaldeen Olalekan Sanusi Kasimu Ghandi Ibrahim Murtala Bello Abubakar Suleiman Ahmed Isa Muhammad Gidado Liman Sha’aya’u Shehu Ibrahim Malami Kim Wei Chan Nur Hanisah Azmi Mustapha Umar Imam Nutrigenomic Effects of White Rice and Brown Rice on the Pathogenesis of Metabolic Disorders in a Fruit Fly Model Molecules brown rice white rice metabolic syndrome insulin resistance <i>dPEPCK</i> <i>dIRS</i> |
| title | Nutrigenomic Effects of White Rice and Brown Rice on the Pathogenesis of Metabolic Disorders in a Fruit Fly Model |
| title_full | Nutrigenomic Effects of White Rice and Brown Rice on the Pathogenesis of Metabolic Disorders in a Fruit Fly Model |
| title_fullStr | Nutrigenomic Effects of White Rice and Brown Rice on the Pathogenesis of Metabolic Disorders in a Fruit Fly Model |
| title_full_unstemmed | Nutrigenomic Effects of White Rice and Brown Rice on the Pathogenesis of Metabolic Disorders in a Fruit Fly Model |
| title_short | Nutrigenomic Effects of White Rice and Brown Rice on the Pathogenesis of Metabolic Disorders in a Fruit Fly Model |
| title_sort | nutrigenomic effects of white rice and brown rice on the pathogenesis of metabolic disorders in a fruit fly model |
| topic | brown rice white rice metabolic syndrome insulin resistance <i>dPEPCK</i> <i>dIRS</i> |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/28/2/532 |
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