Synthesis of Carvacrol Derivatives as Potential New Anticancer Agent against Lung Cancer
Lung cancer remains a major public health concern among all cancer diseases due to the toxicity and side-effects of the available commercially synthesized drugs. Natural product-derived synthesized anticancer drugs are now of promising interest to fight against cancer death. Carvacrol is a major com...
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| Format: | Article |
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MDPI AG
2022-07-01
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| Series: | Molecules |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/27/14/4597 |
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| author | Anu Bansal Md. Moshfekus Saleh-E-In Pallab Kar Ayan Roy Neeta Raj Sharma |
| author_facet | Anu Bansal Md. Moshfekus Saleh-E-In Pallab Kar Ayan Roy Neeta Raj Sharma |
| author_sort | Anu Bansal |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Lung cancer remains a major public health concern among all cancer diseases due to the toxicity and side-effects of the available commercially synthesized drugs. Natural product-derived synthesized anticancer drugs are now of promising interest to fight against cancer death. Carvacrol is a major component of most essential oil-bearing plants with potential pharmacological activity, especially against various cancer cell lines. Among the other organometallic compounds, copper complexes have been reported to be effective anticancer agents against various cancer cell lines, especially lung and leukemia cancers, due to the nontoxic nature of copper in normal cells since it is an endogenic metal. In this study, we synthesized three carvacrol derivatives, i.e., carvacrol aldehyde, Schiff base, and copper–Schiff base complex, through an established synthesis protocol and characterized the synthesized product using various spectroscopic techniques. The synthesized derivatives were evaluated for in vitro cytotoxic activity against different cancer cell lines, including human lung cancer (A549) and human fibroblast (BALB-3T3). Our findings showed that the copper–Schiff base complex derived from carvacrol inhibited the proliferation and migration of the A549 cell lines in a dose-dependent manner. This activity might be due to the inhibition of cell proliferation and migration at the G<sub>2</sub>/M cell-cycle phase, as well as apoptosis, possibly through the activation of the mitochondrial apoptotic pathway. To our knowledge, this is the first report on the activity of the copper–Schiff base complex of carvacrol against A549 cell lines. Our result highlights that a new synthesized copper complex from carvacrol could be a novel potential drug in the treatment of lung cancer. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T10:14:35Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-9e92724b93a647d990f8d16267c0ec83 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1420-3049 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T10:14:35Z |
| publishDate | 2022-07-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Molecules |
| spelling | doaj.art-9e92724b93a647d990f8d16267c0ec832023-12-01T22:30:20ZengMDPI AGMolecules1420-30492022-07-012714459710.3390/molecules27144597Synthesis of Carvacrol Derivatives as Potential New Anticancer Agent against Lung CancerAnu Bansal0Md. Moshfekus Saleh-E-In1Pallab Kar2Ayan Roy3Neeta Raj Sharma4School of Bioengineering and Biosciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara 144411, IndiaDivision of Forest Resources, College of Forest and Environmental Sciences, Kangwon National University, Chunchon 200701, KoreaB.S. Diagnostic and Pathology Laboratory, Siliguri 734001, IndiaMailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USASchool of Bioengineering and Biosciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara 144411, IndiaLung cancer remains a major public health concern among all cancer diseases due to the toxicity and side-effects of the available commercially synthesized drugs. Natural product-derived synthesized anticancer drugs are now of promising interest to fight against cancer death. Carvacrol is a major component of most essential oil-bearing plants with potential pharmacological activity, especially against various cancer cell lines. Among the other organometallic compounds, copper complexes have been reported to be effective anticancer agents against various cancer cell lines, especially lung and leukemia cancers, due to the nontoxic nature of copper in normal cells since it is an endogenic metal. In this study, we synthesized three carvacrol derivatives, i.e., carvacrol aldehyde, Schiff base, and copper–Schiff base complex, through an established synthesis protocol and characterized the synthesized product using various spectroscopic techniques. The synthesized derivatives were evaluated for in vitro cytotoxic activity against different cancer cell lines, including human lung cancer (A549) and human fibroblast (BALB-3T3). Our findings showed that the copper–Schiff base complex derived from carvacrol inhibited the proliferation and migration of the A549 cell lines in a dose-dependent manner. This activity might be due to the inhibition of cell proliferation and migration at the G<sub>2</sub>/M cell-cycle phase, as well as apoptosis, possibly through the activation of the mitochondrial apoptotic pathway. To our knowledge, this is the first report on the activity of the copper–Schiff base complex of carvacrol against A549 cell lines. Our result highlights that a new synthesized copper complex from carvacrol could be a novel potential drug in the treatment of lung cancer.https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/27/14/4597apoptosiscarvacrolcarvacrol aldehydecopper–Schiff base complexlung cancerA549 cells |
| spellingShingle | Anu Bansal Md. Moshfekus Saleh-E-In Pallab Kar Ayan Roy Neeta Raj Sharma Synthesis of Carvacrol Derivatives as Potential New Anticancer Agent against Lung Cancer Molecules apoptosis carvacrol carvacrol aldehyde copper–Schiff base complex lung cancer A549 cells |
| title | Synthesis of Carvacrol Derivatives as Potential New Anticancer Agent against Lung Cancer |
| title_full | Synthesis of Carvacrol Derivatives as Potential New Anticancer Agent against Lung Cancer |
| title_fullStr | Synthesis of Carvacrol Derivatives as Potential New Anticancer Agent against Lung Cancer |
| title_full_unstemmed | Synthesis of Carvacrol Derivatives as Potential New Anticancer Agent against Lung Cancer |
| title_short | Synthesis of Carvacrol Derivatives as Potential New Anticancer Agent against Lung Cancer |
| title_sort | synthesis of carvacrol derivatives as potential new anticancer agent against lung cancer |
| topic | apoptosis carvacrol carvacrol aldehyde copper–Schiff base complex lung cancer A549 cells |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/27/14/4597 |
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