Identifying NOx Sources in Arequipa, Peru Using Nitrogen Isotopes in Particulate Nitrate
We reported on the first time series of δ15N in aerosol nitrate from South America. Particulate matter less than 2.5 microns in diameter (PM2.5) was collected at four sites located in Arequipa, a major city in southern Peru. The δ 15N values for nitrate in PM2.5 ranged from -1.7–15.9‰ and averaged 5...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2022-06-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Environmental Science |
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| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fenvs.2022.916738/full |
| _version_ | 1828332106553491456 |
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| author | Greg Michalski Adriana E. Larrea Valdivia Elizabeth Olson Lisa Welp Huan Fang Kento Magara-Gomez Lino Morales Paredes Juan Reyes Larico Jianghanyang Li |
| author_facet | Greg Michalski Adriana E. Larrea Valdivia Elizabeth Olson Lisa Welp Huan Fang Kento Magara-Gomez Lino Morales Paredes Juan Reyes Larico Jianghanyang Li |
| author_sort | Greg Michalski |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | We reported on the first time series of δ15N in aerosol nitrate from South America. Particulate matter less than 2.5 microns in diameter (PM2.5) was collected at four sites located in Arequipa, a major city in southern Peru. The δ 15N values for nitrate in PM2.5 ranged from -1.7–15.9‰ and averaged 5.3 ± 3.0‰, with no significant difference between the four study sites and no discernable seasonal trend. These values are significantly higher than those in aerosol nitrate from southern hemisphere marine environments and those from the northern hemisphere. We explain the elevated values using an isotope mass balance mixing model that estimates a source NOx δ15N of -8 ± 3‰, derived mainly from anthropogenic sources (vehicles, industry). An isotope enabled 0-D photochemical box model was used to estimate the isotope enrichment of nitrate relative to NOx due to kinetic, equilibrium, and photolysis isotope effects occurring during NOx oxidation. This “source plus photochemistry” approach resulted in general agreement with the observations. This suggests that if the photochemistry effect can be accounted for, nitrate δ15N can be used to assess the relative importance of NOx sources and could be a new tool to validate NOx emission inventories. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-13T21:01:02Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-9e93670685c046738a76407e07478279 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2296-665X |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-13T21:01:02Z |
| publishDate | 2022-06-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Environmental Science |
| spelling | doaj.art-9e93670685c046738a76407e074782792022-12-22T02:30:09ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Environmental Science2296-665X2022-06-011010.3389/fenvs.2022.916738916738Identifying NOx Sources in Arequipa, Peru Using Nitrogen Isotopes in Particulate NitrateGreg Michalski0Adriana E. Larrea Valdivia1Elizabeth Olson2Lisa Welp3Huan Fang4Kento Magara-Gomez5Lino Morales Paredes6Juan Reyes Larico7Jianghanyang Li8Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, United StatesNational University of Saint Augustine, Arequipa, PeruPurdue University, West Lafayette, IN, United StatesPurdue University, West Lafayette, IN, United StatesPurdue University, West Lafayette, IN, United StatesUniversidad Pontificia Bolivariana-Bucaramanga, Bucaramanga, ColombiaNational University of Saint Augustine, Arequipa, PeruNational University of Saint Augustine, Arequipa, PeruPurdue University, West Lafayette, IN, United StatesWe reported on the first time series of δ15N in aerosol nitrate from South America. Particulate matter less than 2.5 microns in diameter (PM2.5) was collected at four sites located in Arequipa, a major city in southern Peru. The δ 15N values for nitrate in PM2.5 ranged from -1.7–15.9‰ and averaged 5.3 ± 3.0‰, with no significant difference between the four study sites and no discernable seasonal trend. These values are significantly higher than those in aerosol nitrate from southern hemisphere marine environments and those from the northern hemisphere. We explain the elevated values using an isotope mass balance mixing model that estimates a source NOx δ15N of -8 ± 3‰, derived mainly from anthropogenic sources (vehicles, industry). An isotope enabled 0-D photochemical box model was used to estimate the isotope enrichment of nitrate relative to NOx due to kinetic, equilibrium, and photolysis isotope effects occurring during NOx oxidation. This “source plus photochemistry” approach resulted in general agreement with the observations. This suggests that if the photochemistry effect can be accounted for, nitrate δ15N can be used to assess the relative importance of NOx sources and could be a new tool to validate NOx emission inventories.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fenvs.2022.916738/fullisotope N 15aerosolPeruNOx—oxdies of nitrogenair quality (AirQ) |
| spellingShingle | Greg Michalski Adriana E. Larrea Valdivia Elizabeth Olson Lisa Welp Huan Fang Kento Magara-Gomez Lino Morales Paredes Juan Reyes Larico Jianghanyang Li Identifying NOx Sources in Arequipa, Peru Using Nitrogen Isotopes in Particulate Nitrate Frontiers in Environmental Science isotope N 15 aerosol Peru NOx—oxdies of nitrogen air quality (AirQ) |
| title | Identifying NOx Sources in Arequipa, Peru Using Nitrogen Isotopes in Particulate Nitrate |
| title_full | Identifying NOx Sources in Arequipa, Peru Using Nitrogen Isotopes in Particulate Nitrate |
| title_fullStr | Identifying NOx Sources in Arequipa, Peru Using Nitrogen Isotopes in Particulate Nitrate |
| title_full_unstemmed | Identifying NOx Sources in Arequipa, Peru Using Nitrogen Isotopes in Particulate Nitrate |
| title_short | Identifying NOx Sources in Arequipa, Peru Using Nitrogen Isotopes in Particulate Nitrate |
| title_sort | identifying nox sources in arequipa peru using nitrogen isotopes in particulate nitrate |
| topic | isotope N 15 aerosol Peru NOx—oxdies of nitrogen air quality (AirQ) |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fenvs.2022.916738/full |
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