Do Native and Alien Species Differ in Their Ecological Strategies? A Test with Woody Plants in Tropical Rainforests on Réunion Island (Mascarene Archipelago, Indian Ocean)
Understanding the mechanisms of biological invasions (e.g., competitive exclusion) is a key conservation challenge, especially on islands. Many mechanisms have been tested by comparing the characteristics of native and alien species, but few studies have considered ecological strategies. Here we aim...
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| Format: | Article |
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MDPI AG
2023-11-01
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| Series: | Plants |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2223-7747/12/23/3990 |
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| author | Lyse Heymans Jean-Yves Meyer Claudine Ah-Peng Quentin Ethève Olivier Flores Christophe Lavergne Bertrand Mallet Hilde Parlevliet Dominique Strasberg Robin Pouteau |
| author_facet | Lyse Heymans Jean-Yves Meyer Claudine Ah-Peng Quentin Ethève Olivier Flores Christophe Lavergne Bertrand Mallet Hilde Parlevliet Dominique Strasberg Robin Pouteau |
| author_sort | Lyse Heymans |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Understanding the mechanisms of biological invasions (e.g., competitive exclusion) is a key conservation challenge, especially on islands. Many mechanisms have been tested by comparing the characteristics of native and alien species, but few studies have considered ecological strategies. Here we aim at comparing the competitive ability, stress tolerance, and ruderalism (CSR) of native and alien trees in the tropical rainforests of Réunion Island. A total of sixteen 100 m<sup>2</sup> plots (eight ‘near-trail’ and eight ‘off-trail’, at less disturbed sites) were established over a 2100 m elevational gradient. Three traits were measured in 1093 leaves from 237 trees: leaf area, leaf dry matter content and specific leaf area. They were converted into a CSR score assigned to each of the 80 surveyed tree species (70 native and 10 alien) using the ‘Stratefy’ ordination approach. C scores increased with basal area and S scores with elevation, but R scores were not higher along the trail, thus only partially validating Stratefy. Native and alien trees had similar CS strategies, thus challenging invasion hypotheses predicting a difference in ecological strategies and rather demonstrating the importance of environmental filtering. However, other differences falling outside the CSR theory may also explain the success of alien species on Réunion. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T01:45:12Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-9e98a2264eeb414d9b01e1802f0a804b |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2223-7747 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T01:45:12Z |
| publishDate | 2023-11-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Plants |
| spelling | doaj.art-9e98a2264eeb414d9b01e1802f0a804b2023-12-08T15:23:52ZengMDPI AGPlants2223-77472023-11-011223399010.3390/plants12233990Do Native and Alien Species Differ in Their Ecological Strategies? A Test with Woody Plants in Tropical Rainforests on Réunion Island (Mascarene Archipelago, Indian Ocean)Lyse Heymans0Jean-Yves Meyer1Claudine Ah-Peng2Quentin Ethève3Olivier Flores4Christophe Lavergne5Bertrand Mallet6Hilde Parlevliet7Dominique Strasberg8Robin Pouteau9AMAP, IRD, Pôle de Protection des Plantes, 97410 Saint-Pierre, Réunion, FranceResearch Department, Government of French Polynesia, 98713 Papeete, Tahiti, French PolynesiaPVBMT, University of Réunion, 97410 Saint-Pierre, Réunion, FranceAMAP, IRD, Pôle de Protection des Plantes, 97410 Saint-Pierre, Réunion, FrancePVBMT, University of Réunion, 97410 Saint-Pierre, Réunion, FranceConservatoire Botanique National de Mascarin, 97436 Saint-Leu, Réunion, FranceConservatoire Botanique National de Mascarin, 97436 Saint-Leu, Réunion, FrancePVBMT, University of Réunion, 97410 Saint-Pierre, Réunion, FrancePVBMT, University of Réunion, 97410 Saint-Pierre, Réunion, FranceAMAP, IRD, Pôle de Protection des Plantes, 97410 Saint-Pierre, Réunion, FranceUnderstanding the mechanisms of biological invasions (e.g., competitive exclusion) is a key conservation challenge, especially on islands. Many mechanisms have been tested by comparing the characteristics of native and alien species, but few studies have considered ecological strategies. Here we aim at comparing the competitive ability, stress tolerance, and ruderalism (CSR) of native and alien trees in the tropical rainforests of Réunion Island. A total of sixteen 100 m<sup>2</sup> plots (eight ‘near-trail’ and eight ‘off-trail’, at less disturbed sites) were established over a 2100 m elevational gradient. Three traits were measured in 1093 leaves from 237 trees: leaf area, leaf dry matter content and specific leaf area. They were converted into a CSR score assigned to each of the 80 surveyed tree species (70 native and 10 alien) using the ‘Stratefy’ ordination approach. C scores increased with basal area and S scores with elevation, but R scores were not higher along the trail, thus only partially validating Stratefy. Native and alien trees had similar CS strategies, thus challenging invasion hypotheses predicting a difference in ecological strategies and rather demonstrating the importance of environmental filtering. However, other differences falling outside the CSR theory may also explain the success of alien species on Réunion.https://www.mdpi.com/2223-7747/12/23/3990biological invasionelevational gradientfunctional ecologyGrime’s CSR theoryRéunionleaf trait |
| spellingShingle | Lyse Heymans Jean-Yves Meyer Claudine Ah-Peng Quentin Ethève Olivier Flores Christophe Lavergne Bertrand Mallet Hilde Parlevliet Dominique Strasberg Robin Pouteau Do Native and Alien Species Differ in Their Ecological Strategies? A Test with Woody Plants in Tropical Rainforests on Réunion Island (Mascarene Archipelago, Indian Ocean) Plants biological invasion elevational gradient functional ecology Grime’s CSR theory Réunion leaf trait |
| title | Do Native and Alien Species Differ in Their Ecological Strategies? A Test with Woody Plants in Tropical Rainforests on Réunion Island (Mascarene Archipelago, Indian Ocean) |
| title_full | Do Native and Alien Species Differ in Their Ecological Strategies? A Test with Woody Plants in Tropical Rainforests on Réunion Island (Mascarene Archipelago, Indian Ocean) |
| title_fullStr | Do Native and Alien Species Differ in Their Ecological Strategies? A Test with Woody Plants in Tropical Rainforests on Réunion Island (Mascarene Archipelago, Indian Ocean) |
| title_full_unstemmed | Do Native and Alien Species Differ in Their Ecological Strategies? A Test with Woody Plants in Tropical Rainforests on Réunion Island (Mascarene Archipelago, Indian Ocean) |
| title_short | Do Native and Alien Species Differ in Their Ecological Strategies? A Test with Woody Plants in Tropical Rainforests on Réunion Island (Mascarene Archipelago, Indian Ocean) |
| title_sort | do native and alien species differ in their ecological strategies a test with woody plants in tropical rainforests on reunion island mascarene archipelago indian ocean |
| topic | biological invasion elevational gradient functional ecology Grime’s CSR theory Réunion leaf trait |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2223-7747/12/23/3990 |
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