Effects of Heart Rate and Ventricular Wall Thickness on Non-invasive Mapping: An in silico Study
Background: Non-invasive cardiac mapping—also known as Electrocardiographic imaging (ECGi)—is a novel, painless and relatively economic method to map the electrical activation and repolarization patterns of the heart, providing a valuable tool for early identification and diagnosis of conduction abn...
| Main Authors: | , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2019-04-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Physiology |
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| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fphys.2019.00308/full |
| _version_ | 1819124878475788288 |
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| author | Erick Andres Perez Alday Dominic G. Whittaker Alan P. Benson Michael A. Colman |
| author_facet | Erick Andres Perez Alday Dominic G. Whittaker Alan P. Benson Michael A. Colman |
| author_sort | Erick Andres Perez Alday |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Background: Non-invasive cardiac mapping—also known as Electrocardiographic imaging (ECGi)—is a novel, painless and relatively economic method to map the electrical activation and repolarization patterns of the heart, providing a valuable tool for early identification and diagnosis of conduction abnormalities and arrhythmias. Moreover, the ability to obtain information on cardiac electrical activity non-invasively using ECGi provides the potential for a priori information to guide invasive surgical procedures, improving success rates, and reducing procedure time.Previous studies have shown the influence of clinical variables, such as heart rate, heart size, endocardial wall, and body composition on surface electrocardiogram (ECG) measurements. The influence of clinical variables on the ECG variability has provided information on cardiovascular control and its abnormalities in various pathologies. However, the effects of such clinical variables on the Body Surface Potential (BSP) and ECGi maps have yet to be systematically investigated.Methods: In this study we investigated the effects of heart size, intracardiac thickness, and heart rate on BSP and ECGi maps using a previously-developed 3D electrophysiologically-detailed ventricles-torso model. The inverse solution was solved using the three different Tikhonov regularization methods.Results: Through comparison of multiple measures of error/accuracy on the ECGi reconstructions, our results showed that using different heart geometries to solve the forward and inverse problems produced a larger estimated focal excitation location. An increase of ~2 mm in the Euclidean distance error was observed for an increase in the heart size. However, the estimation of the location of focal activity was still able to be obtained. Similarly, a Euclidean distance increase was observed when the order of regularization was reduced.For the case of activation maps reconstructed at the same ectopic focus location but different heart rates, an increase in the errors and Euclidean distance was observed when the heart rate was increased.Conclusions: Non-invasive cardiac mapping can still provide useful information about cardiac activation patterns for the cases when a different geometry is used for the inverse problem compared to the one used for the forward solution; rapid pacing rates can induce order-dependent errors in the accuracy of reconstruction. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-22T07:31:14Z |
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| id | doaj.art-9e992db8fb9b4e99b9833102faa968e7 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1664-042X |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-22T07:31:14Z |
| publishDate | 2019-04-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Physiology |
| spelling | doaj.art-9e992db8fb9b4e99b9833102faa968e72022-12-21T18:34:01ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Physiology1664-042X2019-04-011010.3389/fphys.2019.00308424824Effects of Heart Rate and Ventricular Wall Thickness on Non-invasive Mapping: An in silico StudyErick Andres Perez Alday0Dominic G. Whittaker1Alan P. Benson2Michael A. Colman3Knight Cardiovascular Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, United StatesSchool of Biomedical Science and Multidisciplinary Cardiovascular Research Centre, University of Leeds, Leeds, United KingdomSchool of Biomedical Science and Multidisciplinary Cardiovascular Research Centre, University of Leeds, Leeds, United KingdomSchool of Biomedical Science and Multidisciplinary Cardiovascular Research Centre, University of Leeds, Leeds, United KingdomBackground: Non-invasive cardiac mapping—also known as Electrocardiographic imaging (ECGi)—is a novel, painless and relatively economic method to map the electrical activation and repolarization patterns of the heart, providing a valuable tool for early identification and diagnosis of conduction abnormalities and arrhythmias. Moreover, the ability to obtain information on cardiac electrical activity non-invasively using ECGi provides the potential for a priori information to guide invasive surgical procedures, improving success rates, and reducing procedure time.Previous studies have shown the influence of clinical variables, such as heart rate, heart size, endocardial wall, and body composition on surface electrocardiogram (ECG) measurements. The influence of clinical variables on the ECG variability has provided information on cardiovascular control and its abnormalities in various pathologies. However, the effects of such clinical variables on the Body Surface Potential (BSP) and ECGi maps have yet to be systematically investigated.Methods: In this study we investigated the effects of heart size, intracardiac thickness, and heart rate on BSP and ECGi maps using a previously-developed 3D electrophysiologically-detailed ventricles-torso model. The inverse solution was solved using the three different Tikhonov regularization methods.Results: Through comparison of multiple measures of error/accuracy on the ECGi reconstructions, our results showed that using different heart geometries to solve the forward and inverse problems produced a larger estimated focal excitation location. An increase of ~2 mm in the Euclidean distance error was observed for an increase in the heart size. However, the estimation of the location of focal activity was still able to be obtained. Similarly, a Euclidean distance increase was observed when the order of regularization was reduced.For the case of activation maps reconstructed at the same ectopic focus location but different heart rates, an increase in the errors and Euclidean distance was observed when the heart rate was increased.Conclusions: Non-invasive cardiac mapping can still provide useful information about cardiac activation patterns for the cases when a different geometry is used for the inverse problem compared to the one used for the forward solution; rapid pacing rates can induce order-dependent errors in the accuracy of reconstruction.https://www.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fphys.2019.00308/fullECGinon-invasive mappingbody surface potentialheart ratecardiac hyperthrophy |
| spellingShingle | Erick Andres Perez Alday Dominic G. Whittaker Alan P. Benson Michael A. Colman Effects of Heart Rate and Ventricular Wall Thickness on Non-invasive Mapping: An in silico Study Frontiers in Physiology ECGi non-invasive mapping body surface potential heart rate cardiac hyperthrophy |
| title | Effects of Heart Rate and Ventricular Wall Thickness on Non-invasive Mapping: An in silico Study |
| title_full | Effects of Heart Rate and Ventricular Wall Thickness on Non-invasive Mapping: An in silico Study |
| title_fullStr | Effects of Heart Rate and Ventricular Wall Thickness on Non-invasive Mapping: An in silico Study |
| title_full_unstemmed | Effects of Heart Rate and Ventricular Wall Thickness on Non-invasive Mapping: An in silico Study |
| title_short | Effects of Heart Rate and Ventricular Wall Thickness on Non-invasive Mapping: An in silico Study |
| title_sort | effects of heart rate and ventricular wall thickness on non invasive mapping an in silico study |
| topic | ECGi non-invasive mapping body surface potential heart rate cardiac hyperthrophy |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fphys.2019.00308/full |
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