Polylactide (PLA) as a Cell Carrier in Mesophilic Anaerobic Digestion—A New Strategy in the Management of PLA
The management of waste polylactide (PLA) in various solutions of thermophilic anaerobic digestion (AD) is problematic and often uneconomical. This paper proposes a different approach to the use of PLA in mesophilic AD, used more commonly on the industrial scale, which consists of assigning the func...
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| Format: | Article |
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MDPI AG
2022-11-01
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1944/15/22/8113 |
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| author | Agnieszka A. Pilarska Karol Bula Krzysztof Pilarski Mariusz Adamski Agnieszka Wolna-Maruwka Tomasz Kałuża Przemysław Magda Piotr Boniecki |
| author_facet | Agnieszka A. Pilarska Karol Bula Krzysztof Pilarski Mariusz Adamski Agnieszka Wolna-Maruwka Tomasz Kałuża Przemysław Magda Piotr Boniecki |
| author_sort | Agnieszka A. Pilarska |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The management of waste polylactide (PLA) in various solutions of thermophilic anaerobic digestion (AD) is problematic and often uneconomical. This paper proposes a different approach to the use of PLA in mesophilic AD, used more commonly on the industrial scale, which consists of assigning the function of a microbial carrier to the biopolymer. The study involved the testing of waste wafers and waste wafers and cheese in a co-substrate system, combined with digested sewage sludge. The experiment was conducted on a laboratory scale, in a batch bioreactor mode. They were used as test samples and as samples with the addition of a carrier: WF—control and WFC—control; WF + PLA and WFC + PLA. The main objective of the study was to verify the impact of PLA in the granular (PLAG) and powder (PLAP) forms on the stability and efficiency of the process. The results of the analysis of physicochemical properties of the carriers, including the critical thermal analysis by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), as well as the amount of cellular biomass of <i>Bacillus amyloliquefaciens</i> obtained in a culture with the addition of the tested PLAG and PLAP, confirmed that PLA can be an effective cell carrier in mesophilic AD. The addition of PLAG produced better results for bacterial proliferation than the addition of powdered PLA. The highest level of dehydrogenase activity was maintained in the WFC + PLAG system. An increase in the volume of the methane produced for the samples digested with the PLA granules carrier was registered in the study. It went up by c.a. 26% for WF, from 356.11 m<sup>3</sup> Mg<sup>−1</sup> VS (WF—control) to 448.84 m<sup>3</sup> Mg<sup>−1</sup> VS (WF + PLAG), and for WFC, from 413.46 m<sup>3</sup> Mg<sup>−1</sup> VS, (WFC—control) to 519.98 m<sup>3</sup> Mg<sup>−1</sup> VS (WFC + PLAG). |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T18:11:59Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-9e99ca09d8c341b88c381a510a7f79e3 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1996-1944 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T18:11:59Z |
| publishDate | 2022-11-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Materials |
| spelling | doaj.art-9e99ca09d8c341b88c381a510a7f79e32023-11-24T09:04:23ZengMDPI AGMaterials1996-19442022-11-011522811310.3390/ma15228113Polylactide (PLA) as a Cell Carrier in Mesophilic Anaerobic Digestion—A New Strategy in the Management of PLAAgnieszka A. Pilarska0Karol Bula1Krzysztof Pilarski2Mariusz Adamski3Agnieszka Wolna-Maruwka4Tomasz Kałuża5Przemysław Magda6Piotr Boniecki7Department of Hydraulic and Sanitary Engineering, Poznań University of Life Sciences, Piątkowska 94A, 60-649 Poznan, PolandInstitute of Materials Technology, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Poznan University of Technology, 60-965 Poznan, PolandDepartment of Biosystems Engineering, Poznań University of Life Sciences, Wojska Polskiego 50, 60-627 Poznan, PolandDepartment of Biosystems Engineering, Poznań University of Life Sciences, Wojska Polskiego 50, 60-627 Poznan, PolandDepartment of Soil Science and Microbiology, Poznań University of Life Sciences, Szydłowska 50, 60-656 Poznan, PolandDepartment of Hydraulic and Sanitary Engineering, Poznań University of Life Sciences, Piątkowska 94A, 60-649 Poznan, PolandDepartment of Wastewater Treatment, Aquanet S.A., Gdyńska 1, 61-477 Poznań, PolandDepartment of Biosystems Engineering, Poznań University of Life Sciences, Wojska Polskiego 50, 60-627 Poznan, PolandThe management of waste polylactide (PLA) in various solutions of thermophilic anaerobic digestion (AD) is problematic and often uneconomical. This paper proposes a different approach to the use of PLA in mesophilic AD, used more commonly on the industrial scale, which consists of assigning the function of a microbial carrier to the biopolymer. The study involved the testing of waste wafers and waste wafers and cheese in a co-substrate system, combined with digested sewage sludge. The experiment was conducted on a laboratory scale, in a batch bioreactor mode. They were used as test samples and as samples with the addition of a carrier: WF—control and WFC—control; WF + PLA and WFC + PLA. The main objective of the study was to verify the impact of PLA in the granular (PLAG) and powder (PLAP) forms on the stability and efficiency of the process. The results of the analysis of physicochemical properties of the carriers, including the critical thermal analysis by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), as well as the amount of cellular biomass of <i>Bacillus amyloliquefaciens</i> obtained in a culture with the addition of the tested PLAG and PLAP, confirmed that PLA can be an effective cell carrier in mesophilic AD. The addition of PLAG produced better results for bacterial proliferation than the addition of powdered PLA. The highest level of dehydrogenase activity was maintained in the WFC + PLAG system. An increase in the volume of the methane produced for the samples digested with the PLA granules carrier was registered in the study. It went up by c.a. 26% for WF, from 356.11 m<sup>3</sup> Mg<sup>−1</sup> VS (WF—control) to 448.84 m<sup>3</sup> Mg<sup>−1</sup> VS (WF + PLAG), and for WFC, from 413.46 m<sup>3</sup> Mg<sup>−1</sup> VS, (WFC—control) to 519.98 m<sup>3</sup> Mg<sup>−1</sup> VS (WFC + PLAG).https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1944/15/22/8113polylactidecell carrierthermal propertiesbacterial proliferationanaerobic digestionprocess efficiency |
| spellingShingle | Agnieszka A. Pilarska Karol Bula Krzysztof Pilarski Mariusz Adamski Agnieszka Wolna-Maruwka Tomasz Kałuża Przemysław Magda Piotr Boniecki Polylactide (PLA) as a Cell Carrier in Mesophilic Anaerobic Digestion—A New Strategy in the Management of PLA Materials polylactide cell carrier thermal properties bacterial proliferation anaerobic digestion process efficiency |
| title | Polylactide (PLA) as a Cell Carrier in Mesophilic Anaerobic Digestion—A New Strategy in the Management of PLA |
| title_full | Polylactide (PLA) as a Cell Carrier in Mesophilic Anaerobic Digestion—A New Strategy in the Management of PLA |
| title_fullStr | Polylactide (PLA) as a Cell Carrier in Mesophilic Anaerobic Digestion—A New Strategy in the Management of PLA |
| title_full_unstemmed | Polylactide (PLA) as a Cell Carrier in Mesophilic Anaerobic Digestion—A New Strategy in the Management of PLA |
| title_short | Polylactide (PLA) as a Cell Carrier in Mesophilic Anaerobic Digestion—A New Strategy in the Management of PLA |
| title_sort | polylactide pla as a cell carrier in mesophilic anaerobic digestion a new strategy in the management of pla |
| topic | polylactide cell carrier thermal properties bacterial proliferation anaerobic digestion process efficiency |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1944/15/22/8113 |
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