Potential utility of cancer-specific biomarkers for assessing response to hormonal treatments in metastatic prostate cancer
Prostate cancer is the second leading cause of cancer death in men and there is an urgent clinical need to improve its detection and treatment. The introduction of prostate-specific antigen (PSA) as a biomarker for prostate cancer several decades ago represented an important step forward in our abil...
| Main Authors: | , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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SAGE Publishing
2014-12-01
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| Series: | Therapeutic Advances in Urology |
| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1177/1756287214545328 |
| _version_ | 1828861398496575488 |
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| author | Jack Schalken Siebren Dijkstra Edwina Baskin-Bey Inge van Oort |
| author_facet | Jack Schalken Siebren Dijkstra Edwina Baskin-Bey Inge van Oort |
| author_sort | Jack Schalken |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Prostate cancer is the second leading cause of cancer death in men and there is an urgent clinical need to improve its detection and treatment. The introduction of prostate-specific antigen (PSA) as a biomarker for prostate cancer several decades ago represented an important step forward in our ability to diagnose this disease and offers the potential for earlier and more effective treatment. PSA measurements are now routinely conducted alongside digital rectal examination, with raised PSA levels leading to biopsy. PSA is also used to monitor disease and assess therapeutic response. However, there are some important limitations to its use, not least its lack of specificity for prostate cancer, and increased PSA screening may have resulted in overdiagnosis and overtreatment of early, low-risk prostate cancer. Therefore, there is a need for more specific and sensitive biomarkers for the diagnosis and monitoring of prostate cancer and treatment response; in particular, biomarkers of response to hormonal treatments in prostate cancer and predictive biomarkers to identify who is most likely to respond to these treatments. Here we review the current utilization of PSA and data on potentially more specific and sensitive biomarkers for the diagnosis and monitoring of prostate cancer: prostate cancer antigen 3 (PCA3) and the TMPRSS2-ERG fusion gene. A description of the design of an ongoing study of the 6-month extended release formulation of leuprorelin acetate (Eligard ® 45 mg) will provide preliminary data on the potential utility of these new biomarkers for detecting therapeutic response after hormonal therapy. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-13T03:00:38Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-9e9a45b2a65a4cf48e66cb3d27af45f0 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1756-2872 1756-2880 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-13T03:00:38Z |
| publishDate | 2014-12-01 |
| publisher | SAGE Publishing |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Therapeutic Advances in Urology |
| spelling | doaj.art-9e9a45b2a65a4cf48e66cb3d27af45f02022-12-22T00:01:51ZengSAGE PublishingTherapeutic Advances in Urology1756-28721756-28802014-12-01610.1177/1756287214545328Potential utility of cancer-specific biomarkers for assessing response to hormonal treatments in metastatic prostate cancerJack SchalkenSiebren DijkstraEdwina Baskin-BeyInge van OortProstate cancer is the second leading cause of cancer death in men and there is an urgent clinical need to improve its detection and treatment. The introduction of prostate-specific antigen (PSA) as a biomarker for prostate cancer several decades ago represented an important step forward in our ability to diagnose this disease and offers the potential for earlier and more effective treatment. PSA measurements are now routinely conducted alongside digital rectal examination, with raised PSA levels leading to biopsy. PSA is also used to monitor disease and assess therapeutic response. However, there are some important limitations to its use, not least its lack of specificity for prostate cancer, and increased PSA screening may have resulted in overdiagnosis and overtreatment of early, low-risk prostate cancer. Therefore, there is a need for more specific and sensitive biomarkers for the diagnosis and monitoring of prostate cancer and treatment response; in particular, biomarkers of response to hormonal treatments in prostate cancer and predictive biomarkers to identify who is most likely to respond to these treatments. Here we review the current utilization of PSA and data on potentially more specific and sensitive biomarkers for the diagnosis and monitoring of prostate cancer: prostate cancer antigen 3 (PCA3) and the TMPRSS2-ERG fusion gene. A description of the design of an ongoing study of the 6-month extended release formulation of leuprorelin acetate (Eligard ® 45 mg) will provide preliminary data on the potential utility of these new biomarkers for detecting therapeutic response after hormonal therapy.https://doi.org/10.1177/1756287214545328 |
| spellingShingle | Jack Schalken Siebren Dijkstra Edwina Baskin-Bey Inge van Oort Potential utility of cancer-specific biomarkers for assessing response to hormonal treatments in metastatic prostate cancer Therapeutic Advances in Urology |
| title | Potential utility of cancer-specific biomarkers for assessing response to hormonal treatments in metastatic prostate cancer |
| title_full | Potential utility of cancer-specific biomarkers for assessing response to hormonal treatments in metastatic prostate cancer |
| title_fullStr | Potential utility of cancer-specific biomarkers for assessing response to hormonal treatments in metastatic prostate cancer |
| title_full_unstemmed | Potential utility of cancer-specific biomarkers for assessing response to hormonal treatments in metastatic prostate cancer |
| title_short | Potential utility of cancer-specific biomarkers for assessing response to hormonal treatments in metastatic prostate cancer |
| title_sort | potential utility of cancer specific biomarkers for assessing response to hormonal treatments in metastatic prostate cancer |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1177/1756287214545328 |
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