Volatiles Profiling, Allelopathic Activity, and Antioxidant Potentiality of <i>Xanthium Strumarium</i> Leaves Essential Oil from Egypt: Evidence from Chemometrics Analysis
The essential oil (EO) of <i>Xanthium strumarium</i> L. leaves (family: Asteraceae) was extracted by hydrodistillation, and then analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Forty-three essential compounds were identified. The sesquiterpenoids represented the major constitue...
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MDPI AG
2019-02-01
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| Series: | Molecules |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/24/3/584 |
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| author | Ahmed Abd El-Gawad Abdelsamed Elshamy Abd El-Nasser El Gendy Ahmed Gaara Abdulaziz Assaeed |
| author_facet | Ahmed Abd El-Gawad Abdelsamed Elshamy Abd El-Nasser El Gendy Ahmed Gaara Abdulaziz Assaeed |
| author_sort | Ahmed Abd El-Gawad |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The essential oil (EO) of <i>Xanthium strumarium</i> L. leaves (family: Asteraceae) was extracted by hydrodistillation, and then analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Forty-three essential compounds were identified. The sesquiterpenoids represented the major constituents (72.4%), including oxygenated (61.78%) and non-oxygenated (10.62%) sesquiterpenes, followed by monoterpenes (25.19%). The diterpenoids and oxygenated hydrocarbons were determined as minor compounds. The main constituents of the EO were 1,5-dimethyltetralin (14.27%), eudesmol (10.60%), l-borneol (6.59%), ledene alcohol (6.46%), (-)-caryophyllene oxide (5.36%), isolongifolene, 7,8-dehydro-8a-hydroxy (5.06%), L-bornyl acetate (3.77%), and aristolene epoxide (3.58%). A comparative analysis was stated here between the EO of Egyptian <i>X. strumarium</i> and those previously reported from Pakistan, Iran, and Brazil based on chemometic tools such as principal components analysis (PCA) and agglomerative hierarchical clustering (AHC). The EO of <i>X. strumarium</i> showed weak 1, 1-diphenyl-2-picryl hydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging activity with IC<sub>50</sub> 321.93 µL<i>/</i>L<sup>−1</sup>, which was comparable to ascorbic acid as a reference. However, the EO exhibited significant allelopathic potential regarding the germination and growth of the noxious weed <i>Bidens pilosa</i> in a concentration-dependent manner. Therefore, further study is recommended to characterize the EO from <i>X. strumarium</i> as an eco-friendly green bioherbicide against weeds, as well as determine their mode of actions. |
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| spelling | doaj.art-9eaf71a13b0b4220b054782b5019ac892022-12-22T01:38:28ZengMDPI AGMolecules1420-30492019-02-0124358410.3390/molecules24030584molecules24030584Volatiles Profiling, Allelopathic Activity, and Antioxidant Potentiality of <i>Xanthium Strumarium</i> Leaves Essential Oil from Egypt: Evidence from Chemometrics AnalysisAhmed Abd El-Gawad0Abdelsamed Elshamy1Abd El-Nasser El Gendy2Ahmed Gaara3Abdulaziz Assaeed4Plant Production Department, College of Food & Agriculture Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi ArabiaDepartment of Natural Compounds Chemistry, National Research Centre, 33 El Bohouth St., Dokki, Giza 12622, EgyptMedicinal and Aromatic Plants Research Department, National Research Centre, 33 El Bohouth St., Dokki, Giza 12622, EgyptDepartment of Natural Compounds Chemistry, National Research Centre, 33 El Bohouth St., Dokki, Giza 12622, EgyptPlant Production Department, College of Food & Agriculture Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi ArabiaThe essential oil (EO) of <i>Xanthium strumarium</i> L. leaves (family: Asteraceae) was extracted by hydrodistillation, and then analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Forty-three essential compounds were identified. The sesquiterpenoids represented the major constituents (72.4%), including oxygenated (61.78%) and non-oxygenated (10.62%) sesquiterpenes, followed by monoterpenes (25.19%). The diterpenoids and oxygenated hydrocarbons were determined as minor compounds. The main constituents of the EO were 1,5-dimethyltetralin (14.27%), eudesmol (10.60%), l-borneol (6.59%), ledene alcohol (6.46%), (-)-caryophyllene oxide (5.36%), isolongifolene, 7,8-dehydro-8a-hydroxy (5.06%), L-bornyl acetate (3.77%), and aristolene epoxide (3.58%). A comparative analysis was stated here between the EO of Egyptian <i>X. strumarium</i> and those previously reported from Pakistan, Iran, and Brazil based on chemometic tools such as principal components analysis (PCA) and agglomerative hierarchical clustering (AHC). The EO of <i>X. strumarium</i> showed weak 1, 1-diphenyl-2-picryl hydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging activity with IC<sub>50</sub> 321.93 µL<i>/</i>L<sup>−1</sup>, which was comparable to ascorbic acid as a reference. However, the EO exhibited significant allelopathic potential regarding the germination and growth of the noxious weed <i>Bidens pilosa</i> in a concentration-dependent manner. Therefore, further study is recommended to characterize the EO from <i>X. strumarium</i> as an eco-friendly green bioherbicide against weeds, as well as determine their mode of actions.https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/24/3/584<i>Xanthium strumarium</i>essential oilPCAAHCphytotoxicityantioxidant activity |
| spellingShingle | Ahmed Abd El-Gawad Abdelsamed Elshamy Abd El-Nasser El Gendy Ahmed Gaara Abdulaziz Assaeed Volatiles Profiling, Allelopathic Activity, and Antioxidant Potentiality of <i>Xanthium Strumarium</i> Leaves Essential Oil from Egypt: Evidence from Chemometrics Analysis Molecules <i>Xanthium strumarium</i> essential oil PCA AHC phytotoxicity antioxidant activity |
| title | Volatiles Profiling, Allelopathic Activity, and Antioxidant Potentiality of <i>Xanthium Strumarium</i> Leaves Essential Oil from Egypt: Evidence from Chemometrics Analysis |
| title_full | Volatiles Profiling, Allelopathic Activity, and Antioxidant Potentiality of <i>Xanthium Strumarium</i> Leaves Essential Oil from Egypt: Evidence from Chemometrics Analysis |
| title_fullStr | Volatiles Profiling, Allelopathic Activity, and Antioxidant Potentiality of <i>Xanthium Strumarium</i> Leaves Essential Oil from Egypt: Evidence from Chemometrics Analysis |
| title_full_unstemmed | Volatiles Profiling, Allelopathic Activity, and Antioxidant Potentiality of <i>Xanthium Strumarium</i> Leaves Essential Oil from Egypt: Evidence from Chemometrics Analysis |
| title_short | Volatiles Profiling, Allelopathic Activity, and Antioxidant Potentiality of <i>Xanthium Strumarium</i> Leaves Essential Oil from Egypt: Evidence from Chemometrics Analysis |
| title_sort | volatiles profiling allelopathic activity and antioxidant potentiality of i xanthium strumarium i leaves essential oil from egypt evidence from chemometrics analysis |
| topic | <i>Xanthium strumarium</i> essential oil PCA AHC phytotoxicity antioxidant activity |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/24/3/584 |
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