Heat-inactivated Lacticaseibacillus paracasei N1115 alleviates the damage due to brain function caused by long-term antibiotic cocktail exposure in mice
Abstract Critical development period of intestinal microbiota occurs concurrently with brain development, and their interaction is influenced by the microbiota–gut–brain axis. This study examined how antibiotics exposure affected gut microbiota and brain development and analyzed the possible benefit...
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BMC
2022-06-01
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| Series: | BMC Neuroscience |
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| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1186/s12868-022-00724-w |
| _version_ | 1811334575664660480 |
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| author | Yujie Zhang Huijing Liang Yimie Wang Ruyue Cheng Fangfang Pu Yang Yang Jinxing Li Simou Wu Xi Shen Fang He |
| author_facet | Yujie Zhang Huijing Liang Yimie Wang Ruyue Cheng Fangfang Pu Yang Yang Jinxing Li Simou Wu Xi Shen Fang He |
| author_sort | Yujie Zhang |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Critical development period of intestinal microbiota occurs concurrently with brain development, and their interaction is influenced by the microbiota–gut–brain axis. This study examined how antibiotics exposure affected gut microbiota and brain development and analyzed the possible benefits of heat-inactivated Lacticaseibacillus paracasei N1115 (N1115). Thirty neonatal male mice were randomly divided into three groups and treated with sterilized water (control), an antibiotic cocktail (Abx), or antibiotics plus heat-inactivated N1115 (Abx + N1115) for 84 days. We found that while the mRNA levels of GABAAα1, GABAb1, and glucocorticoid receptor (GR) in the hippocampus and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), GABAAα1, GABAb1, and nerve growth factor (NGF) in the prefrontal cortex were higher, the mRNA levels of 5-HT1A were lower in the Abx group. The Abx + N1115 group had lower mRNA levels of GABAAα1, GABAb1, and GR in the hippocampus and BDNF, GABAb1, and NGF in the prefrontal cortex than the Abx group. The latency period was longer in the Morris water maze test while longer rest time was seen in tail suspension test in the Abx group than the control and Abx + N1115 groups. In the open field test, the moving time and distance of the Abx group were reduced. Further, the alpha-diversity indexes of the Abx and Abx + N1115 groups were significantly lower than the control. Further, long-term exposure to antibiotics disrupted the intestinal microbiota as evidenced by decreased Bacteroides, Firmicutes, and Lactobacillus, and increased Proteobacteria and Citrobacter. However, N1115 significantly decreased the abundance of Citrobacter when compared with those in the Abx group. These results indicate that antibiotics can substantially damage the intestinal microbiota and cognitive function, causing anxiety and depression, which can be alleviated by heat-inactivated N1115 via modulation of the microbiota–gut–brain axis. |
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| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-9ecb6c01517a4cf2b4044d57d9fb2aad |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1471-2202 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-13T17:10:16Z |
| publishDate | 2022-06-01 |
| publisher | BMC |
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| series | BMC Neuroscience |
| spelling | doaj.art-9ecb6c01517a4cf2b4044d57d9fb2aad2022-12-22T02:38:18ZengBMCBMC Neuroscience1471-22022022-06-0123111410.1186/s12868-022-00724-wHeat-inactivated Lacticaseibacillus paracasei N1115 alleviates the damage due to brain function caused by long-term antibiotic cocktail exposure in miceYujie Zhang0Huijing Liang1Yimie Wang2Ruyue Cheng3Fangfang Pu4Yang Yang5Jinxing Li6Simou Wu7Xi Shen8Fang He9Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan UniversityDepartment of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan UniversityDepartment of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan UniversityDepartment of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan UniversityDepartment of Clinical Nutrition, West China Hospital, Sichuan UniversityDepartment of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan UniversityDepartment of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan UniversityDepartment of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan UniversityDepartment of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan UniversityDepartment of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan UniversityAbstract Critical development period of intestinal microbiota occurs concurrently with brain development, and their interaction is influenced by the microbiota–gut–brain axis. This study examined how antibiotics exposure affected gut microbiota and brain development and analyzed the possible benefits of heat-inactivated Lacticaseibacillus paracasei N1115 (N1115). Thirty neonatal male mice were randomly divided into three groups and treated with sterilized water (control), an antibiotic cocktail (Abx), or antibiotics plus heat-inactivated N1115 (Abx + N1115) for 84 days. We found that while the mRNA levels of GABAAα1, GABAb1, and glucocorticoid receptor (GR) in the hippocampus and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), GABAAα1, GABAb1, and nerve growth factor (NGF) in the prefrontal cortex were higher, the mRNA levels of 5-HT1A were lower in the Abx group. The Abx + N1115 group had lower mRNA levels of GABAAα1, GABAb1, and GR in the hippocampus and BDNF, GABAb1, and NGF in the prefrontal cortex than the Abx group. The latency period was longer in the Morris water maze test while longer rest time was seen in tail suspension test in the Abx group than the control and Abx + N1115 groups. In the open field test, the moving time and distance of the Abx group were reduced. Further, the alpha-diversity indexes of the Abx and Abx + N1115 groups were significantly lower than the control. Further, long-term exposure to antibiotics disrupted the intestinal microbiota as evidenced by decreased Bacteroides, Firmicutes, and Lactobacillus, and increased Proteobacteria and Citrobacter. However, N1115 significantly decreased the abundance of Citrobacter when compared with those in the Abx group. These results indicate that antibiotics can substantially damage the intestinal microbiota and cognitive function, causing anxiety and depression, which can be alleviated by heat-inactivated N1115 via modulation of the microbiota–gut–brain axis.https://doi.org/10.1186/s12868-022-00724-wAntibioticCognitive functionMicrobiota–gut–brain axisParaprobiotic |
| spellingShingle | Yujie Zhang Huijing Liang Yimie Wang Ruyue Cheng Fangfang Pu Yang Yang Jinxing Li Simou Wu Xi Shen Fang He Heat-inactivated Lacticaseibacillus paracasei N1115 alleviates the damage due to brain function caused by long-term antibiotic cocktail exposure in mice BMC Neuroscience Antibiotic Cognitive function Microbiota–gut–brain axis Paraprobiotic |
| title | Heat-inactivated Lacticaseibacillus paracasei N1115 alleviates the damage due to brain function caused by long-term antibiotic cocktail exposure in mice |
| title_full | Heat-inactivated Lacticaseibacillus paracasei N1115 alleviates the damage due to brain function caused by long-term antibiotic cocktail exposure in mice |
| title_fullStr | Heat-inactivated Lacticaseibacillus paracasei N1115 alleviates the damage due to brain function caused by long-term antibiotic cocktail exposure in mice |
| title_full_unstemmed | Heat-inactivated Lacticaseibacillus paracasei N1115 alleviates the damage due to brain function caused by long-term antibiotic cocktail exposure in mice |
| title_short | Heat-inactivated Lacticaseibacillus paracasei N1115 alleviates the damage due to brain function caused by long-term antibiotic cocktail exposure in mice |
| title_sort | heat inactivated lacticaseibacillus paracasei n1115 alleviates the damage due to brain function caused by long term antibiotic cocktail exposure in mice |
| topic | Antibiotic Cognitive function Microbiota–gut–brain axis Paraprobiotic |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1186/s12868-022-00724-w |
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