Effect of Aerobic-Based Exercise on Psychological Well-Being and Quality of Life Among Older People: A Middle East Study
The aimed to evaluate the effects of low and moderate-intensity aerobic exercise on psychological well-being (PWB) and quality of life (QoL) among older people. Forty-five male Iranian adults aged 65–80 years were selected according to the eligibility criteria and randomly assigned to a low-intensit...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2021-12-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Public Health |
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| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpubh.2021.764044/full |
| _version_ | 1818852136580022272 |
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| author | Amir Shams Hadi Nobari Hadi Nobari Hadi Nobari José Afonso Hamed Abbasi Elena Mainer-Pardos Jorge Pérez-Gómez Mahdi Bayati Alireza Bahrami Lara Carneiro Lara Carneiro |
| author_facet | Amir Shams Hadi Nobari Hadi Nobari Hadi Nobari José Afonso Hamed Abbasi Elena Mainer-Pardos Jorge Pérez-Gómez Mahdi Bayati Alireza Bahrami Lara Carneiro Lara Carneiro |
| author_sort | Amir Shams |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The aimed to evaluate the effects of low and moderate-intensity aerobic exercise on psychological well-being (PWB) and quality of life (QoL) among older people. Forty-five male Iranian adults aged 65–80 years were selected according to the eligibility criteria and randomly assigned to a low-intensity group (LIG) (40–50% of maximum heart rate), moderate-intensity group (MIG) (60–70% of maximum heart rate) and control group (CG). The exercise protocols consisted of 12 weeks of aerobic exercise (two sessions per week). Psychological well-being and QoL were assessed through the Ryff's Psychological Well-being Scale and the World Health Organization QoL Questionnaire. The statistical analysis for psychological well-being indicated that a significant main group (between-group) (F = 11.777, p < 0.001, ηp2 = 0.359), time (within-group) (F = 58.983, p < 0.001, ηp2 = 0.584) and interaction effect (group × time) (F = 20.146, p < 0.001, ηp2 = 0.490) for PWB total score. Bonferroni post-hoc tests revealed that the PWB total score in the MIG group was more significant than both LIG (p = 0.003) and CG (p < 0.001). Results for PWB components including self-acceptance, positive relationships with others, autonomy, purposeful life, and environmental mastery revealed no significant differences (p > 0.05). While there was a significant difference between the groups for personal growth component. Bonferroni post-hoc tests revealed that the personal growth in the MIG group was more significant than both LIG (p = 0.028) and CG (p < 0.001). Result for QoL indicated significant differences for the main group (F = 13.277, p < 0.001, ηp2 = 0.387), time (F = 25.533, p < 0.001, ηp2 = 0.378) and interaction effect (F = 9.992, p < 0.001, ηp2 = 0.332) for QoL total scale. Bonferroni post-hoc tests revealed that the QoL total scale in the MIG group was more significant than both LIG (p = 0.003) and CG (p < 0.001). Results for QoL components including Physical health, Social relationships, Health environment revealed no significant differences (p > 0.05), while there was a significant difference between the groups for the Psychological health component. Bonferroni post-hoc tests revealed that the Psychological health in the MIG group was more significant than both LIG (p = 0.009) and CG (p = 0.002). Therefore, aerobic exercise improves PWB and QoL in older adults, moderate-intensity exercise seems to produce higher benefits than low-intensity, demonstrating a positive dose-response relationship. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-19T07:16:07Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-9ed948e77c6a4f28ae09f09385daae4b |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2296-2565 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-19T07:16:07Z |
| publishDate | 2021-12-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Public Health |
| spelling | doaj.art-9ed948e77c6a4f28ae09f09385daae4b2022-12-21T20:31:04ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Public Health2296-25652021-12-01910.3389/fpubh.2021.764044764044Effect of Aerobic-Based Exercise on Psychological Well-Being and Quality of Life Among Older People: A Middle East StudyAmir Shams0Hadi Nobari1Hadi Nobari2Hadi Nobari3José Afonso4Hamed Abbasi5Elena Mainer-Pardos6Jorge Pérez-Gómez7Mahdi Bayati8Alireza Bahrami9Lara Carneiro10Lara Carneiro11Department of Motor Behavior, Sport Sciences Research Institute, Tehran, IranDepartment of Physical Education and Sports, University of Granada, Granada, SpainHEME Research Group, Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Extremadura, Cáceres, SpainDepartment of Exercise Physiology, Faculty of Educational Sciences and Psychology, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, Ardabil, IranCentre for Research, Education, Innovation and Intervention in Sport (CIFI2D), Faculty of Sport of the University of Porto (FADEUP), Porto, PortugalDepartment of Sport Injuries and Corrective Exercises, Sport Sciences Research Institute, Tehran, IranHealth Sciences Faculty, Universidad San Jorge, Zaragoza, SpainHEME Research Group, Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Extremadura, Cáceres, SpainDepartment of Exercise Physiology, Sport Sciences Research Institute, Tehran, IranDepartment of Motor Behavior and Sport Psychology, Faculty of Sport Sciences, Arak University, Arak, Iran0Department of Sport and Physical Education, University of Maia (ISMAI), Maia, Portugal1Research Centre in Sports Sciences, Health Sciences and Human Development, CIDESD, GERON Research Community, Vila Real, PortugalThe aimed to evaluate the effects of low and moderate-intensity aerobic exercise on psychological well-being (PWB) and quality of life (QoL) among older people. Forty-five male Iranian adults aged 65–80 years were selected according to the eligibility criteria and randomly assigned to a low-intensity group (LIG) (40–50% of maximum heart rate), moderate-intensity group (MIG) (60–70% of maximum heart rate) and control group (CG). The exercise protocols consisted of 12 weeks of aerobic exercise (two sessions per week). Psychological well-being and QoL were assessed through the Ryff's Psychological Well-being Scale and the World Health Organization QoL Questionnaire. The statistical analysis for psychological well-being indicated that a significant main group (between-group) (F = 11.777, p < 0.001, ηp2 = 0.359), time (within-group) (F = 58.983, p < 0.001, ηp2 = 0.584) and interaction effect (group × time) (F = 20.146, p < 0.001, ηp2 = 0.490) for PWB total score. Bonferroni post-hoc tests revealed that the PWB total score in the MIG group was more significant than both LIG (p = 0.003) and CG (p < 0.001). Results for PWB components including self-acceptance, positive relationships with others, autonomy, purposeful life, and environmental mastery revealed no significant differences (p > 0.05). While there was a significant difference between the groups for personal growth component. Bonferroni post-hoc tests revealed that the personal growth in the MIG group was more significant than both LIG (p = 0.028) and CG (p < 0.001). Result for QoL indicated significant differences for the main group (F = 13.277, p < 0.001, ηp2 = 0.387), time (F = 25.533, p < 0.001, ηp2 = 0.378) and interaction effect (F = 9.992, p < 0.001, ηp2 = 0.332) for QoL total scale. Bonferroni post-hoc tests revealed that the QoL total scale in the MIG group was more significant than both LIG (p = 0.003) and CG (p < 0.001). Results for QoL components including Physical health, Social relationships, Health environment revealed no significant differences (p > 0.05), while there was a significant difference between the groups for the Psychological health component. Bonferroni post-hoc tests revealed that the Psychological health in the MIG group was more significant than both LIG (p = 0.009) and CG (p = 0.002). Therefore, aerobic exercise improves PWB and QoL in older adults, moderate-intensity exercise seems to produce higher benefits than low-intensity, demonstrating a positive dose-response relationship.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpubh.2021.764044/fullcardiovascular fitnessmental healthold peoplephysical fitnessdose-response |
| spellingShingle | Amir Shams Hadi Nobari Hadi Nobari Hadi Nobari José Afonso Hamed Abbasi Elena Mainer-Pardos Jorge Pérez-Gómez Mahdi Bayati Alireza Bahrami Lara Carneiro Lara Carneiro Effect of Aerobic-Based Exercise on Psychological Well-Being and Quality of Life Among Older People: A Middle East Study Frontiers in Public Health cardiovascular fitness mental health old people physical fitness dose-response |
| title | Effect of Aerobic-Based Exercise on Psychological Well-Being and Quality of Life Among Older People: A Middle East Study |
| title_full | Effect of Aerobic-Based Exercise on Psychological Well-Being and Quality of Life Among Older People: A Middle East Study |
| title_fullStr | Effect of Aerobic-Based Exercise on Psychological Well-Being and Quality of Life Among Older People: A Middle East Study |
| title_full_unstemmed | Effect of Aerobic-Based Exercise on Psychological Well-Being and Quality of Life Among Older People: A Middle East Study |
| title_short | Effect of Aerobic-Based Exercise on Psychological Well-Being and Quality of Life Among Older People: A Middle East Study |
| title_sort | effect of aerobic based exercise on psychological well being and quality of life among older people a middle east study |
| topic | cardiovascular fitness mental health old people physical fitness dose-response |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpubh.2021.764044/full |
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