Toward Depth-Resolved Analysis of Plant Metabolites by Nanospray Desorption Electrospray Ionization Mass Spectrometry
Nanospray desorption electrospray ionization (nano-DESI) is one of the ambient desorption ionization methods for mass spectrometry (MS), and it utilizes a steady-state liquid junction formed between two microcapillaries to directly extract analytes from sample surfaces with minimal sample damage. In...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2022-11-01
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| Series: | Molecules |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/27/21/7582 |
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| author | Sangwon Cha Gyouwoong Jun Yougyeong Park Sung Jun An Donghoon Lee |
| author_facet | Sangwon Cha Gyouwoong Jun Yougyeong Park Sung Jun An Donghoon Lee |
| author_sort | Sangwon Cha |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Nanospray desorption electrospray ionization (nano-DESI) is one of the ambient desorption ionization methods for mass spectrometry (MS), and it utilizes a steady-state liquid junction formed between two microcapillaries to directly extract analytes from sample surfaces with minimal sample damage. In this study, we employed nano-DESI MS to perform a metabolite fingerprinting analysis directly from a <i>Hypericum</i> leaf surface. Moreover, we investigated whether changes in metabolite fingerprints with time can be related to metabolite distribution according to depth. From a raw <i>Hypericum</i> leaf, the mass spectral fingerprints of key metabolites, including flavonoids and prenylated phloroglucinols, were successfully obtained using ethanol as a nano-DESI solvent, and the changes in their intensities were observed with time via full mass scan experiments. In addition, the differential extraction patterns of the obtained mass spectral fingerprints were clearly visualized over time through selected ion monitoring and pseudo-selected reaction monitoring experiments. To examine the correlation between the time-dependent changes in the metabolite fingerprints and depth-wise metabolite distribution, we performed a nano-DESI MS analysis against leaves whose surface layers were removed multiple times by forming polymeric gum Arabic films on their surfaces, followed by detaching. The preliminary results showed that the changes in the metabolite fingerprints according to the number of peelings showed a similar pattern with those obtained from the raw leaves over time. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T18:48:09Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-9eda0657965e4d66992db412d25b6ae6 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1420-3049 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T18:48:09Z |
| publishDate | 2022-11-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Molecules |
| spelling | doaj.art-9eda0657965e4d66992db412d25b6ae62023-11-24T06:06:37ZengMDPI AGMolecules1420-30492022-11-012721758210.3390/molecules27217582Toward Depth-Resolved Analysis of Plant Metabolites by Nanospray Desorption Electrospray Ionization Mass SpectrometrySangwon Cha0Gyouwoong Jun1Yougyeong Park2Sung Jun An3Donghoon Lee4Department of Chemistry, Dongguk University, Seoul 04620, KoreaDepartment of Chemistry, Hankuk University of Foreign Studies, Yongin 17035, KoreaDepartment of Chemistry, Dongguk University, Seoul 04620, KoreaDepartment of Chemistry, Dongguk University, Seoul 04620, KoreaDepartment of Chemistry, Dongguk University, Seoul 04620, KoreaNanospray desorption electrospray ionization (nano-DESI) is one of the ambient desorption ionization methods for mass spectrometry (MS), and it utilizes a steady-state liquid junction formed between two microcapillaries to directly extract analytes from sample surfaces with minimal sample damage. In this study, we employed nano-DESI MS to perform a metabolite fingerprinting analysis directly from a <i>Hypericum</i> leaf surface. Moreover, we investigated whether changes in metabolite fingerprints with time can be related to metabolite distribution according to depth. From a raw <i>Hypericum</i> leaf, the mass spectral fingerprints of key metabolites, including flavonoids and prenylated phloroglucinols, were successfully obtained using ethanol as a nano-DESI solvent, and the changes in their intensities were observed with time via full mass scan experiments. In addition, the differential extraction patterns of the obtained mass spectral fingerprints were clearly visualized over time through selected ion monitoring and pseudo-selected reaction monitoring experiments. To examine the correlation between the time-dependent changes in the metabolite fingerprints and depth-wise metabolite distribution, we performed a nano-DESI MS analysis against leaves whose surface layers were removed multiple times by forming polymeric gum Arabic films on their surfaces, followed by detaching. The preliminary results showed that the changes in the metabolite fingerprints according to the number of peelings showed a similar pattern with those obtained from the raw leaves over time.https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/27/21/7582ambient desorption ionizationnanospray desorption electrospray ionizationmass spectrometryplantmetabolite |
| spellingShingle | Sangwon Cha Gyouwoong Jun Yougyeong Park Sung Jun An Donghoon Lee Toward Depth-Resolved Analysis of Plant Metabolites by Nanospray Desorption Electrospray Ionization Mass Spectrometry Molecules ambient desorption ionization nanospray desorption electrospray ionization mass spectrometry plant metabolite |
| title | Toward Depth-Resolved Analysis of Plant Metabolites by Nanospray Desorption Electrospray Ionization Mass Spectrometry |
| title_full | Toward Depth-Resolved Analysis of Plant Metabolites by Nanospray Desorption Electrospray Ionization Mass Spectrometry |
| title_fullStr | Toward Depth-Resolved Analysis of Plant Metabolites by Nanospray Desorption Electrospray Ionization Mass Spectrometry |
| title_full_unstemmed | Toward Depth-Resolved Analysis of Plant Metabolites by Nanospray Desorption Electrospray Ionization Mass Spectrometry |
| title_short | Toward Depth-Resolved Analysis of Plant Metabolites by Nanospray Desorption Electrospray Ionization Mass Spectrometry |
| title_sort | toward depth resolved analysis of plant metabolites by nanospray desorption electrospray ionization mass spectrometry |
| topic | ambient desorption ionization nanospray desorption electrospray ionization mass spectrometry plant metabolite |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/27/21/7582 |
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