A review of terahertz phase modulation from free space to guided wave integrated devices

In the past ten years, terahertz technology has developed rapidly in wireless communications, spectroscopy, and imaging. Various functional devices have been developed, such as filters, absorbers, polarizers, mixers, and modulators. Among these, the terahertz phase modulation is a current research h...

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Main Authors: Zeng Hongxin, Gong Sen, Wang Lan, Zhou Tianchi, Zhang Yaxin, Lan Feng, Cong Xuan, Wang Luyang, Song Tianyang, Zhao YunCheng, Yang Ziqiang, Mittleman Daniel M.
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: De Gruyter 2021-12-01
Series:Nanophotonics
Subjects:
Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1515/nanoph-2021-0623
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author Zeng Hongxin
Gong Sen
Wang Lan
Zhou Tianchi
Zhang Yaxin
Lan Feng
Cong Xuan
Wang Luyang
Song Tianyang
Zhao YunCheng
Yang Ziqiang
Mittleman Daniel M.
author_facet Zeng Hongxin
Gong Sen
Wang Lan
Zhou Tianchi
Zhang Yaxin
Lan Feng
Cong Xuan
Wang Luyang
Song Tianyang
Zhao YunCheng
Yang Ziqiang
Mittleman Daniel M.
author_sort Zeng Hongxin
collection DOAJ
description In the past ten years, terahertz technology has developed rapidly in wireless communications, spectroscopy, and imaging. Various functional devices have been developed, such as filters, absorbers, polarizers, mixers, and modulators. Among these, the terahertz phase modulation is a current research hotspot. It is the core technology to realize flexible control of the terahertz wavefront, beam scanning, focusing deflection. It is indispensable in terahertz wireless communication, high-resolution imaging, and radar systems. This review summarizes the research progress of terahertz phase modulators from the two major types: free space and guided wave integration. Among these, the free space terahertz phase modulator is realized by combining the tunable materials and artificial metasurfaces. Based on different types of tunable materials, the terahertz free space phase modulator combining the semiconductor, liquid crystal, phase change materials, graphene, and other two-dimensional materials are introduced, and the influence of different materials on the phase modulation performance is discussed and analyzed. The monolithic integration and waveguide embedding methods are introduced separately, and the characteristics of different forms of terahertz-guided wave phase modulation are also discussed. Finally, the development trends of terahertz phase modulators, possible new methods, and future application requirements are discussed.
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spelling doaj.art-9ee4651fd36f44df896d5fe289a42fa12023-01-19T12:46:58ZengDe GruyterNanophotonics2192-86142021-12-0111341543710.1515/nanoph-2021-0623A review of terahertz phase modulation from free space to guided wave integrated devicesZeng Hongxin0Gong Sen1Wang Lan2Zhou Tianchi3Zhang Yaxin4Lan Feng5Cong Xuan6Wang Luyang7Song Tianyang8Zhao YunCheng9Yang Ziqiang10Mittleman Daniel M.11Sichuan Terahertz Communication Technology Engineering Research Center, School of Electronic Science and Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, ChinaSichuan Terahertz Communication Technology Engineering Research Center, School of Electronic Science and Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, ChinaSichuan Terahertz Communication Technology Engineering Research Center, School of Electronic Science and Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, ChinaSichuan Terahertz Communication Technology Engineering Research Center, School of Electronic Science and Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, ChinaSichuan Terahertz Communication Technology Engineering Research Center, School of Electronic Science and Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, ChinaSichuan Terahertz Communication Technology Engineering Research Center, School of Electronic Science and Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, ChinaSichuan Terahertz Communication Technology Engineering Research Center, School of Electronic Science and Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, ChinaSichuan Terahertz Communication Technology Engineering Research Center, School of Electronic Science and Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, ChinaSichuan Terahertz Communication Technology Engineering Research Center, School of Electronic Science and Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, ChinaShijiazhuang Communication Measurement and Control Technology Research Institute, Shijiazhuang, ChinaSichuan Terahertz Communication Technology Engineering Research Center, School of Electronic Science and Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, ChinaSchool of Engineering, Brown University, Providence, RI, USAIn the past ten years, terahertz technology has developed rapidly in wireless communications, spectroscopy, and imaging. Various functional devices have been developed, such as filters, absorbers, polarizers, mixers, and modulators. Among these, the terahertz phase modulation is a current research hotspot. It is the core technology to realize flexible control of the terahertz wavefront, beam scanning, focusing deflection. It is indispensable in terahertz wireless communication, high-resolution imaging, and radar systems. This review summarizes the research progress of terahertz phase modulators from the two major types: free space and guided wave integration. Among these, the free space terahertz phase modulator is realized by combining the tunable materials and artificial metasurfaces. Based on different types of tunable materials, the terahertz free space phase modulator combining the semiconductor, liquid crystal, phase change materials, graphene, and other two-dimensional materials are introduced, and the influence of different materials on the phase modulation performance is discussed and analyzed. The monolithic integration and waveguide embedding methods are introduced separately, and the characteristics of different forms of terahertz-guided wave phase modulation are also discussed. Finally, the development trends of terahertz phase modulators, possible new methods, and future application requirements are discussed.https://doi.org/10.1515/nanoph-2021-0623metamaterialsmetasurfacephase modulationterahertz modulators
spellingShingle Zeng Hongxin
Gong Sen
Wang Lan
Zhou Tianchi
Zhang Yaxin
Lan Feng
Cong Xuan
Wang Luyang
Song Tianyang
Zhao YunCheng
Yang Ziqiang
Mittleman Daniel M.
A review of terahertz phase modulation from free space to guided wave integrated devices
Nanophotonics
metamaterials
metasurface
phase modulation
terahertz modulators
title A review of terahertz phase modulation from free space to guided wave integrated devices
title_full A review of terahertz phase modulation from free space to guided wave integrated devices
title_fullStr A review of terahertz phase modulation from free space to guided wave integrated devices
title_full_unstemmed A review of terahertz phase modulation from free space to guided wave integrated devices
title_short A review of terahertz phase modulation from free space to guided wave integrated devices
title_sort review of terahertz phase modulation from free space to guided wave integrated devices
topic metamaterials
metasurface
phase modulation
terahertz modulators
url https://doi.org/10.1515/nanoph-2021-0623
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