A review of terahertz phase modulation from free space to guided wave integrated devices
In the past ten years, terahertz technology has developed rapidly in wireless communications, spectroscopy, and imaging. Various functional devices have been developed, such as filters, absorbers, polarizers, mixers, and modulators. Among these, the terahertz phase modulation is a current research h...
Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , , , , |
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Format: | Article |
Language: | English |
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De Gruyter
2021-12-01
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Series: | Nanophotonics |
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Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1515/nanoph-2021-0623 |
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author | Zeng Hongxin Gong Sen Wang Lan Zhou Tianchi Zhang Yaxin Lan Feng Cong Xuan Wang Luyang Song Tianyang Zhao YunCheng Yang Ziqiang Mittleman Daniel M. |
author_facet | Zeng Hongxin Gong Sen Wang Lan Zhou Tianchi Zhang Yaxin Lan Feng Cong Xuan Wang Luyang Song Tianyang Zhao YunCheng Yang Ziqiang Mittleman Daniel M. |
author_sort | Zeng Hongxin |
collection | DOAJ |
description | In the past ten years, terahertz technology has developed rapidly in wireless communications, spectroscopy, and imaging. Various functional devices have been developed, such as filters, absorbers, polarizers, mixers, and modulators. Among these, the terahertz phase modulation is a current research hotspot. It is the core technology to realize flexible control of the terahertz wavefront, beam scanning, focusing deflection. It is indispensable in terahertz wireless communication, high-resolution imaging, and radar systems. This review summarizes the research progress of terahertz phase modulators from the two major types: free space and guided wave integration. Among these, the free space terahertz phase modulator is realized by combining the tunable materials and artificial metasurfaces. Based on different types of tunable materials, the terahertz free space phase modulator combining the semiconductor, liquid crystal, phase change materials, graphene, and other two-dimensional materials are introduced, and the influence of different materials on the phase modulation performance is discussed and analyzed. The monolithic integration and waveguide embedding methods are introduced separately, and the characteristics of different forms of terahertz-guided wave phase modulation are also discussed. Finally, the development trends of terahertz phase modulators, possible new methods, and future application requirements are discussed. |
first_indexed | 2024-04-10T21:35:07Z |
format | Article |
id | doaj.art-9ee4651fd36f44df896d5fe289a42fa1 |
institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
issn | 2192-8614 |
language | English |
last_indexed | 2024-04-10T21:35:07Z |
publishDate | 2021-12-01 |
publisher | De Gruyter |
record_format | Article |
series | Nanophotonics |
spelling | doaj.art-9ee4651fd36f44df896d5fe289a42fa12023-01-19T12:46:58ZengDe GruyterNanophotonics2192-86142021-12-0111341543710.1515/nanoph-2021-0623A review of terahertz phase modulation from free space to guided wave integrated devicesZeng Hongxin0Gong Sen1Wang Lan2Zhou Tianchi3Zhang Yaxin4Lan Feng5Cong Xuan6Wang Luyang7Song Tianyang8Zhao YunCheng9Yang Ziqiang10Mittleman Daniel M.11Sichuan Terahertz Communication Technology Engineering Research Center, School of Electronic Science and Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, ChinaSichuan Terahertz Communication Technology Engineering Research Center, School of Electronic Science and Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, ChinaSichuan Terahertz Communication Technology Engineering Research Center, School of Electronic Science and Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, ChinaSichuan Terahertz Communication Technology Engineering Research Center, School of Electronic Science and Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, ChinaSichuan Terahertz Communication Technology Engineering Research Center, School of Electronic Science and Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, ChinaSichuan Terahertz Communication Technology Engineering Research Center, School of Electronic Science and Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, ChinaSichuan Terahertz Communication Technology Engineering Research Center, School of Electronic Science and Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, ChinaSichuan Terahertz Communication Technology Engineering Research Center, School of Electronic Science and Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, ChinaSichuan Terahertz Communication Technology Engineering Research Center, School of Electronic Science and Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, ChinaShijiazhuang Communication Measurement and Control Technology Research Institute, Shijiazhuang, ChinaSichuan Terahertz Communication Technology Engineering Research Center, School of Electronic Science and Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, ChinaSchool of Engineering, Brown University, Providence, RI, USAIn the past ten years, terahertz technology has developed rapidly in wireless communications, spectroscopy, and imaging. Various functional devices have been developed, such as filters, absorbers, polarizers, mixers, and modulators. Among these, the terahertz phase modulation is a current research hotspot. It is the core technology to realize flexible control of the terahertz wavefront, beam scanning, focusing deflection. It is indispensable in terahertz wireless communication, high-resolution imaging, and radar systems. This review summarizes the research progress of terahertz phase modulators from the two major types: free space and guided wave integration. Among these, the free space terahertz phase modulator is realized by combining the tunable materials and artificial metasurfaces. Based on different types of tunable materials, the terahertz free space phase modulator combining the semiconductor, liquid crystal, phase change materials, graphene, and other two-dimensional materials are introduced, and the influence of different materials on the phase modulation performance is discussed and analyzed. The monolithic integration and waveguide embedding methods are introduced separately, and the characteristics of different forms of terahertz-guided wave phase modulation are also discussed. Finally, the development trends of terahertz phase modulators, possible new methods, and future application requirements are discussed.https://doi.org/10.1515/nanoph-2021-0623metamaterialsmetasurfacephase modulationterahertz modulators |
spellingShingle | Zeng Hongxin Gong Sen Wang Lan Zhou Tianchi Zhang Yaxin Lan Feng Cong Xuan Wang Luyang Song Tianyang Zhao YunCheng Yang Ziqiang Mittleman Daniel M. A review of terahertz phase modulation from free space to guided wave integrated devices Nanophotonics metamaterials metasurface phase modulation terahertz modulators |
title | A review of terahertz phase modulation from free space to guided wave integrated devices |
title_full | A review of terahertz phase modulation from free space to guided wave integrated devices |
title_fullStr | A review of terahertz phase modulation from free space to guided wave integrated devices |
title_full_unstemmed | A review of terahertz phase modulation from free space to guided wave integrated devices |
title_short | A review of terahertz phase modulation from free space to guided wave integrated devices |
title_sort | review of terahertz phase modulation from free space to guided wave integrated devices |
topic | metamaterials metasurface phase modulation terahertz modulators |
url | https://doi.org/10.1515/nanoph-2021-0623 |
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