The Associations of Antihypertensive Medications, Steroids, Beta Blockers, Statins and Comorbidities with COVID-19 Outcomes in Patients with and without Chronic Kidney Disease: A Retrospective Study
(1) Background: Data on COVID-19 outcomes and disease course as a function of different medications used to treat cardiovascular disease and chronic kidney disease (CKD), as well as the presence of different comorbidities in primarily Black cohorts, are lacking. (2) Methods: We conducted a retrospec...
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MDPI AG
2023-04-01
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| Series: | COVID |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2673-8112/3/5/50 |
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| author | Paul Kim Vidhya Nadarajan Maham Ahmed Katerina Furman Zoya Gurm Priyanka Kale Zaina Khoury Sara Koussa Dana LaBuda Margo Mekjian Pooja Polamarasetti Leticia Simo Charlotte Thill Sophie Wittenberg Sorabh Dhar Dragana Komnenov |
| author_facet | Paul Kim Vidhya Nadarajan Maham Ahmed Katerina Furman Zoya Gurm Priyanka Kale Zaina Khoury Sara Koussa Dana LaBuda Margo Mekjian Pooja Polamarasetti Leticia Simo Charlotte Thill Sophie Wittenberg Sorabh Dhar Dragana Komnenov |
| author_sort | Paul Kim |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | (1) Background: Data on COVID-19 outcomes and disease course as a function of different medications used to treat cardiovascular disease and chronic kidney disease (CKD), as well as the presence of different comorbidities in primarily Black cohorts, are lacking. (2) Methods: We conducted a retrospective medical chart review on 327 patients (62.6% Black race) who were admitted to the Detroit Medical Center, Detroit, MI. Group differences (CKD vs. non-CKD) were compared using the Pearson χ<sup>2</sup> test. We conducted univariate and multivariate regression analyses for factors contributing to death during hospitalization due to COVID-19 (primary outcome) and ICU admission (secondary outcome), adjusting for age, sex, different medications, and comorbidities. A sub-analysis was also completed for CKD patients. (3) Results: In the fully adjusted model, a protective effect of ACEi alone, but not in combination with ARB or CCB, for ICU admission was found (OR = 0.400, 95% CI [0.183–0.874]). Heart failure was significantly associated with the primary outcome (OR = 4.088, 95% CI [1.1661–14.387]), as was COPD (OR = 3.747, 95% CI [1.591–8.828]). (4) Conclusions: Therapeutic strategies for cardiovascular disease and CKD in the milieu of different comorbidities may need to be tailored more prudently for individuals with COVID-19, especially Black individuals. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-11T03:49:57Z |
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| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2673-8112 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-11T03:49:57Z |
| publishDate | 2023-04-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | COVID |
| spelling | doaj.art-9ee8ca55c38e43bb98d366f5a1f200572023-11-18T00:58:37ZengMDPI AGCOVID2673-81122023-04-013568269210.3390/covid3050050The Associations of Antihypertensive Medications, Steroids, Beta Blockers, Statins and Comorbidities with COVID-19 Outcomes in Patients with and without Chronic Kidney Disease: A Retrospective StudyPaul Kim0Vidhya Nadarajan1Maham Ahmed2Katerina Furman3Zoya Gurm4Priyanka Kale5Zaina Khoury6Sara Koussa7Dana LaBuda8Margo Mekjian9Pooja Polamarasetti10Leticia Simo11Charlotte Thill12Sophie Wittenberg13Sorabh Dhar14Dragana Komnenov15Department of Internal Medicine, Nephrology, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI 48201, USADepartment of Internal Medicine, Nephrology, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI 48201, USADepartment of Internal Medicine, Nephrology, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI 48201, USADepartment of Internal Medicine, Nephrology, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI 48201, USADepartment of Internal Medicine, Nephrology, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI 48201, USADepartment of Internal Medicine, Nephrology, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI 48201, USADepartment of Internal Medicine, Nephrology, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI 48201, USADepartment of Internal Medicine, Nephrology, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI 48201, USADepartment of Internal Medicine, Nephrology, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI 48201, USADepartment of Internal Medicine, Nephrology, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI 48201, USADepartment of Internal Medicine, Nephrology, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI 48201, USADepartment of Internal Medicine, Nephrology, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI 48201, USADepartment of Internal Medicine, Nephrology, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI 48201, USADepartment of Internal Medicine, Nephrology, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI 48201, USADepartment of Internal Medicine, Nephrology, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI 48201, USADepartment of Internal Medicine, Nephrology, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI 48201, USA(1) Background: Data on COVID-19 outcomes and disease course as a function of different medications used to treat cardiovascular disease and chronic kidney disease (CKD), as well as the presence of different comorbidities in primarily Black cohorts, are lacking. (2) Methods: We conducted a retrospective medical chart review on 327 patients (62.6% Black race) who were admitted to the Detroit Medical Center, Detroit, MI. Group differences (CKD vs. non-CKD) were compared using the Pearson χ<sup>2</sup> test. We conducted univariate and multivariate regression analyses for factors contributing to death during hospitalization due to COVID-19 (primary outcome) and ICU admission (secondary outcome), adjusting for age, sex, different medications, and comorbidities. A sub-analysis was also completed for CKD patients. (3) Results: In the fully adjusted model, a protective effect of ACEi alone, but not in combination with ARB or CCB, for ICU admission was found (OR = 0.400, 95% CI [0.183–0.874]). Heart failure was significantly associated with the primary outcome (OR = 4.088, 95% CI [1.1661–14.387]), as was COPD (OR = 3.747, 95% CI [1.591–8.828]). (4) Conclusions: Therapeutic strategies for cardiovascular disease and CKD in the milieu of different comorbidities may need to be tailored more prudently for individuals with COVID-19, especially Black individuals.https://www.mdpi.com/2673-8112/3/5/50antihypertensive drugschronic kidney disease (CKD)COVID-19 mortalityCOVID-19 disease severity |
| spellingShingle | Paul Kim Vidhya Nadarajan Maham Ahmed Katerina Furman Zoya Gurm Priyanka Kale Zaina Khoury Sara Koussa Dana LaBuda Margo Mekjian Pooja Polamarasetti Leticia Simo Charlotte Thill Sophie Wittenberg Sorabh Dhar Dragana Komnenov The Associations of Antihypertensive Medications, Steroids, Beta Blockers, Statins and Comorbidities with COVID-19 Outcomes in Patients with and without Chronic Kidney Disease: A Retrospective Study COVID antihypertensive drugs chronic kidney disease (CKD) COVID-19 mortality COVID-19 disease severity |
| title | The Associations of Antihypertensive Medications, Steroids, Beta Blockers, Statins and Comorbidities with COVID-19 Outcomes in Patients with and without Chronic Kidney Disease: A Retrospective Study |
| title_full | The Associations of Antihypertensive Medications, Steroids, Beta Blockers, Statins and Comorbidities with COVID-19 Outcomes in Patients with and without Chronic Kidney Disease: A Retrospective Study |
| title_fullStr | The Associations of Antihypertensive Medications, Steroids, Beta Blockers, Statins and Comorbidities with COVID-19 Outcomes in Patients with and without Chronic Kidney Disease: A Retrospective Study |
| title_full_unstemmed | The Associations of Antihypertensive Medications, Steroids, Beta Blockers, Statins and Comorbidities with COVID-19 Outcomes in Patients with and without Chronic Kidney Disease: A Retrospective Study |
| title_short | The Associations of Antihypertensive Medications, Steroids, Beta Blockers, Statins and Comorbidities with COVID-19 Outcomes in Patients with and without Chronic Kidney Disease: A Retrospective Study |
| title_sort | associations of antihypertensive medications steroids beta blockers statins and comorbidities with covid 19 outcomes in patients with and without chronic kidney disease a retrospective study |
| topic | antihypertensive drugs chronic kidney disease (CKD) COVID-19 mortality COVID-19 disease severity |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2673-8112/3/5/50 |
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