Differential Effects of Food Restriction and Warming in the Two-Spotted Goby: Impaired Reproductive Performance and Stressed Offspring
Climate change is a growing threat to marine organisms and ecosystems, and it is already modifying ocean properties by, for example, increasing temperature and decreasing pH. Increasing water temperature may also lead to an impairment of primary productivity and an overall depletion of available zoo...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2022-08-01
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| Series: | Fishes |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/7/4/194 |
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| author | Ana F. Lopes Robyn Murdoch Sara Martins-Cardoso Carolina Madeira Pedro M. Costa Ana S. Félix Rui F. Oliveira Narcisa M. Bandarra Catarina Vinagre Ana R. Lopes Emanuel J. Gonçalves Ana Margarida Faria |
| author_facet | Ana F. Lopes Robyn Murdoch Sara Martins-Cardoso Carolina Madeira Pedro M. Costa Ana S. Félix Rui F. Oliveira Narcisa M. Bandarra Catarina Vinagre Ana R. Lopes Emanuel J. Gonçalves Ana Margarida Faria |
| author_sort | Ana F. Lopes |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Climate change is a growing threat to marine organisms and ecosystems, and it is already modifying ocean properties by, for example, increasing temperature and decreasing pH. Increasing water temperature may also lead to an impairment of primary productivity and an overall depletion of available zooplankton. Understanding how the crossover between warming and zooplankton availability impacts fish populations has paramount implications for conservation and mitigation strategies. Through a cross factorial design to test the effects of ocean temperature and food availability in a temperate marine teleost, <i>Pomatochistus flavescens,</i> we showed that hindered feeding impacted sheltering and avoidance behaviour. Also, low food availability impaired fish reproduction, particularly male reproduction, as the expression of cyp11b1, a gene with a pivotal role in the synthesis of the most important fish androgen, 11-ketotestosterone, was significantly reduced under a low food regime. In contrast, temperature alone did not affect reproductive success, but offspring showed increased saturated fatty acid content (embryos) and increased lipid peroxidation (larvae). Altogether, food availability had a stronger effect on fitness, showing that coping with elevated temperatures, an ability that may be expected in shallow-water fish, can be indirectly impacted, or even overwhelmed, by the effects of ocean warming on primary productivity and downstream ecological processes. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T04:27:01Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-9ee9c8163bea48779d8bc0b488d15859 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2410-3888 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T04:27:01Z |
| publishDate | 2022-08-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Fishes |
| spelling | doaj.art-9ee9c8163bea48779d8bc0b488d158592023-12-03T13:38:52ZengMDPI AGFishes2410-38882022-08-017419410.3390/fishes7040194Differential Effects of Food Restriction and Warming in the Two-Spotted Goby: Impaired Reproductive Performance and Stressed OffspringAna F. Lopes0Robyn Murdoch1Sara Martins-Cardoso2Carolina Madeira3Pedro M. Costa4Ana S. Félix5Rui F. Oliveira6Narcisa M. Bandarra7Catarina Vinagre8Ana R. Lopes9Emanuel J. Gonçalves10Ana Margarida Faria11MARE—Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre/ARNET—Aquatic Research Network, ISPA, Instituto Universitário, 1149 Lisbon, PortugalIMBRSEA Master Programme, Ghent University, 9000 Ghent, BelgiumMARE—Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre/ARNET—Aquatic Research Network, ISPA, Instituto Universitário, 1149 Lisbon, PortugalAssociate Laboratory i4HB—Institute for Health and Bioeconomy, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, Universidade NOVA, 2825 Caparica, PortugalAssociate Laboratory i4HB—Institute for Health and Bioeconomy, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, Universidade NOVA, 2825 Caparica, PortugalISPA–Instituto Universitário, 1149 Lisbon, PortugalISPA–Instituto Universitário, 1149 Lisbon, PortugalIPMA—Portuguese Institute for Sea and Atmosphere, 1495 Algés, PortugalMARE—Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre/ARNET—Aquatic Research Network, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, 1749 Lisbon, PortugalMARE—Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre/ARNET—Aquatic Research Network, ISPA, Instituto Universitário, 1149 Lisbon, PortugalMARE—Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre/ARNET—Aquatic Research Network, ISPA, Instituto Universitário, 1149 Lisbon, PortugalMARE—Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre/ARNET—Aquatic Research Network, ISPA, Instituto Universitário, 1149 Lisbon, PortugalClimate change is a growing threat to marine organisms and ecosystems, and it is already modifying ocean properties by, for example, increasing temperature and decreasing pH. Increasing water temperature may also lead to an impairment of primary productivity and an overall depletion of available zooplankton. Understanding how the crossover between warming and zooplankton availability impacts fish populations has paramount implications for conservation and mitigation strategies. Through a cross factorial design to test the effects of ocean temperature and food availability in a temperate marine teleost, <i>Pomatochistus flavescens,</i> we showed that hindered feeding impacted sheltering and avoidance behaviour. Also, low food availability impaired fish reproduction, particularly male reproduction, as the expression of cyp11b1, a gene with a pivotal role in the synthesis of the most important fish androgen, 11-ketotestosterone, was significantly reduced under a low food regime. In contrast, temperature alone did not affect reproductive success, but offspring showed increased saturated fatty acid content (embryos) and increased lipid peroxidation (larvae). Altogether, food availability had a stronger effect on fitness, showing that coping with elevated temperatures, an ability that may be expected in shallow-water fish, can be indirectly impacted, or even overwhelmed, by the effects of ocean warming on primary productivity and downstream ecological processes.https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/7/4/194ocean warmingfood availabilitybehaviourreproduction<i>Pomatochistus flavescens</i> |
| spellingShingle | Ana F. Lopes Robyn Murdoch Sara Martins-Cardoso Carolina Madeira Pedro M. Costa Ana S. Félix Rui F. Oliveira Narcisa M. Bandarra Catarina Vinagre Ana R. Lopes Emanuel J. Gonçalves Ana Margarida Faria Differential Effects of Food Restriction and Warming in the Two-Spotted Goby: Impaired Reproductive Performance and Stressed Offspring Fishes ocean warming food availability behaviour reproduction <i>Pomatochistus flavescens</i> |
| title | Differential Effects of Food Restriction and Warming in the Two-Spotted Goby: Impaired Reproductive Performance and Stressed Offspring |
| title_full | Differential Effects of Food Restriction and Warming in the Two-Spotted Goby: Impaired Reproductive Performance and Stressed Offspring |
| title_fullStr | Differential Effects of Food Restriction and Warming in the Two-Spotted Goby: Impaired Reproductive Performance and Stressed Offspring |
| title_full_unstemmed | Differential Effects of Food Restriction and Warming in the Two-Spotted Goby: Impaired Reproductive Performance and Stressed Offspring |
| title_short | Differential Effects of Food Restriction and Warming in the Two-Spotted Goby: Impaired Reproductive Performance and Stressed Offspring |
| title_sort | differential effects of food restriction and warming in the two spotted goby impaired reproductive performance and stressed offspring |
| topic | ocean warming food availability behaviour reproduction <i>Pomatochistus flavescens</i> |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/7/4/194 |
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