Role of the Hippocampus During Logical Reasoning and Belief Bias in Aging
Reasoning requires initial encoding of the semantic association between premises or assumptions, retrieval of these semantic associations from memory, and recombination of information to draw a logical conclusion. Currently-held beliefs can interfere with the content of the assumptions if not congru...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2020-05-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Aging Neuroscience |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fnagi.2020.00111/full |
| _version_ | 1818155215762751488 |
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| author | Maryam Ziaei Mohammad Reza Bonyadi David C. Reutens |
| author_facet | Maryam Ziaei Mohammad Reza Bonyadi David C. Reutens |
| author_sort | Maryam Ziaei |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Reasoning requires initial encoding of the semantic association between premises or assumptions, retrieval of these semantic associations from memory, and recombination of information to draw a logical conclusion. Currently-held beliefs can interfere with the content of the assumptions if not congruent and inhibited. This study aimed to investigate the role of the hippocampus and hippocampal networks during logical reasoning tasks in which the congruence between currently-held beliefs and assumptions varies. Participants of younger and older age completed a series of syllogistic reasoning tasks in which two premises and one conclusion were presented and they were required to decide if the conclusion logically followed the premises. The belief load of premises was manipulated to be either congruent or incongruent with currently-held beliefs. Our whole-brain results showed that older adults recruited the hippocampus during the premise integration stage more than their younger counterparts. Functional connectivity using a hippocampal seed revealed that older, but not younger, adults recruited a hippocampal network that included anterior cingulate and inferior frontal regions when premises were believable. Importantly, this network contributed to better performance in believable inferences, only in older adults group. Further analyses suggested that, in older adults group, the integrity of the left cingulum bundle was associated with the higher rejection of believable premises more than unbelievable ones. Using multimodal imaging, this study highlights the importance of the hippocampus during premise integration and supports compensatory role of the hippocampal network during a logical reasoning task among older adults. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-11T14:38:52Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-9eee7ec7923049308d0461ab95525c7b |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1663-4365 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-11T14:38:52Z |
| publishDate | 2020-05-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Aging Neuroscience |
| spelling | doaj.art-9eee7ec7923049308d0461ab95525c7b2022-12-22T01:02:03ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Aging Neuroscience1663-43652020-05-011210.3389/fnagi.2020.00111513084Role of the Hippocampus During Logical Reasoning and Belief Bias in AgingMaryam ZiaeiMohammad Reza BonyadiDavid C. ReutensReasoning requires initial encoding of the semantic association between premises or assumptions, retrieval of these semantic associations from memory, and recombination of information to draw a logical conclusion. Currently-held beliefs can interfere with the content of the assumptions if not congruent and inhibited. This study aimed to investigate the role of the hippocampus and hippocampal networks during logical reasoning tasks in which the congruence between currently-held beliefs and assumptions varies. Participants of younger and older age completed a series of syllogistic reasoning tasks in which two premises and one conclusion were presented and they were required to decide if the conclusion logically followed the premises. The belief load of premises was manipulated to be either congruent or incongruent with currently-held beliefs. Our whole-brain results showed that older adults recruited the hippocampus during the premise integration stage more than their younger counterparts. Functional connectivity using a hippocampal seed revealed that older, but not younger, adults recruited a hippocampal network that included anterior cingulate and inferior frontal regions when premises were believable. Importantly, this network contributed to better performance in believable inferences, only in older adults group. Further analyses suggested that, in older adults group, the integrity of the left cingulum bundle was associated with the higher rejection of believable premises more than unbelievable ones. Using multimodal imaging, this study highlights the importance of the hippocampus during premise integration and supports compensatory role of the hippocampal network during a logical reasoning task among older adults.https://www.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fnagi.2020.00111/fullhippocampusaginglogical reasoningwhite matter tractcingulumfunctional connectivity |
| spellingShingle | Maryam Ziaei Mohammad Reza Bonyadi David C. Reutens Role of the Hippocampus During Logical Reasoning and Belief Bias in Aging Frontiers in Aging Neuroscience hippocampus aging logical reasoning white matter tract cingulum functional connectivity |
| title | Role of the Hippocampus During Logical Reasoning and Belief Bias in Aging |
| title_full | Role of the Hippocampus During Logical Reasoning and Belief Bias in Aging |
| title_fullStr | Role of the Hippocampus During Logical Reasoning and Belief Bias in Aging |
| title_full_unstemmed | Role of the Hippocampus During Logical Reasoning and Belief Bias in Aging |
| title_short | Role of the Hippocampus During Logical Reasoning and Belief Bias in Aging |
| title_sort | role of the hippocampus during logical reasoning and belief bias in aging |
| topic | hippocampus aging logical reasoning white matter tract cingulum functional connectivity |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fnagi.2020.00111/full |
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