Avian influenza A (H5N1) outbreaks in different poultry farm types in Egypt: the effect of vaccination, closing status and farm size
Abstract Background The Avian Influenza A (H5N1) virus is endemic in poultry in Egypt. The winter of 2014/2015 was particularly worrying as new clusters of HPAI A (H5N1) virus emerged, leading to an important number of AI A (H5N1) outbreaks in poultry farms and sporadic human cases. To date, few stu...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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BMC
2018-06-01
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| Series: | BMC Veterinary Research |
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| Online Access: | http://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s12917-018-1519-8 |
| _version_ | 1819043509873672192 |
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| author | Jean Artois Carla Ippoliti Annamaria Conte Madhur S. Dhingra Pastor Alfonso Abdelgawad El Tahawy Ahmed Elbestawy Hany F. Ellakany Marius Gilbert |
| author_facet | Jean Artois Carla Ippoliti Annamaria Conte Madhur S. Dhingra Pastor Alfonso Abdelgawad El Tahawy Ahmed Elbestawy Hany F. Ellakany Marius Gilbert |
| author_sort | Jean Artois |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Background The Avian Influenza A (H5N1) virus is endemic in poultry in Egypt. The winter of 2014/2015 was particularly worrying as new clusters of HPAI A (H5N1) virus emerged, leading to an important number of AI A (H5N1) outbreaks in poultry farms and sporadic human cases. To date, few studies have investigated the distribution of HPAI A (H5N1) outbreaks in Egypt in relation to protective / risk factors at the farm level, a gap we intend to fill. The aim of the study was to analyse passive surveillance data that were based on observation of sudden and high mortality of poultry or drop in duck or chicken egg production, as a basis to better understand and discuss the risk of HPAI A (H5N1) presence at the farm level in large parts of the Nile Delta. Results The probability of HPAI A (H5N1) presence was associated with several characteristics of the farms. Vaccination status, absence of windows/openings in the farm and the number of birds per cycle of production were found to be protective factors, whereas the presence of a duck farm with significant mortality or drop in egg production in the village was found to be a risk factor. Conclusions Results demonstrate the key role of several prevention and biosecurity measures to reduce HPAI A (H5N1) virus circulation, which could promote better poultry farm biosecurity in Egypt. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-21T09:57:55Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-9ef5da52ea52433086889d5a753336e5 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1746-6148 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-21T09:57:55Z |
| publishDate | 2018-06-01 |
| publisher | BMC |
| record_format | Article |
| series | BMC Veterinary Research |
| spelling | doaj.art-9ef5da52ea52433086889d5a753336e52022-12-21T19:08:01ZengBMCBMC Veterinary Research1746-61482018-06-0114111010.1186/s12917-018-1519-8Avian influenza A (H5N1) outbreaks in different poultry farm types in Egypt: the effect of vaccination, closing status and farm sizeJean Artois0Carla Ippoliti1Annamaria Conte2Madhur S. Dhingra3Pastor Alfonso4Abdelgawad El Tahawy5Ahmed Elbestawy6Hany F. Ellakany7Marius Gilbert8Spatial Epidemiology Lab. (SpELL), Université Libre de BruxellesIstituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale dell’Abruzzo e del Molise ‘G. Caporale’Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale dell’Abruzzo e del Molise ‘G. Caporale’Spatial Epidemiology Lab. (SpELL), Université Libre de BruxellesNational Center for Animal and Plant Health (CENSA), OIE Collaborating Center for Reduction of the Risk of Disasters in Animal HealthFaculty of Veterinary Medicine, Damanhour UniversityFaculty of Veterinary Medicine, Damanhour UniversityFaculty of Veterinary Medicine, Damanhour UniversitySpatial Epidemiology Lab. (SpELL), Université Libre de BruxellesAbstract Background The Avian Influenza A (H5N1) virus is endemic in poultry in Egypt. The winter of 2014/2015 was particularly worrying as new clusters of HPAI A (H5N1) virus emerged, leading to an important number of AI A (H5N1) outbreaks in poultry farms and sporadic human cases. To date, few studies have investigated the distribution of HPAI A (H5N1) outbreaks in Egypt in relation to protective / risk factors at the farm level, a gap we intend to fill. The aim of the study was to analyse passive surveillance data that were based on observation of sudden and high mortality of poultry or drop in duck or chicken egg production, as a basis to better understand and discuss the risk of HPAI A (H5N1) presence at the farm level in large parts of the Nile Delta. Results The probability of HPAI A (H5N1) presence was associated with several characteristics of the farms. Vaccination status, absence of windows/openings in the farm and the number of birds per cycle of production were found to be protective factors, whereas the presence of a duck farm with significant mortality or drop in egg production in the village was found to be a risk factor. Conclusions Results demonstrate the key role of several prevention and biosecurity measures to reduce HPAI A (H5N1) virus circulation, which could promote better poultry farm biosecurity in Egypt.http://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s12917-018-1519-8Avian influenza A (H5N1)EgyptPoultry farmsRisk or protective factorsBiosecurity |
| spellingShingle | Jean Artois Carla Ippoliti Annamaria Conte Madhur S. Dhingra Pastor Alfonso Abdelgawad El Tahawy Ahmed Elbestawy Hany F. Ellakany Marius Gilbert Avian influenza A (H5N1) outbreaks in different poultry farm types in Egypt: the effect of vaccination, closing status and farm size BMC Veterinary Research Avian influenza A (H5N1) Egypt Poultry farms Risk or protective factors Biosecurity |
| title | Avian influenza A (H5N1) outbreaks in different poultry farm types in Egypt: the effect of vaccination, closing status and farm size |
| title_full | Avian influenza A (H5N1) outbreaks in different poultry farm types in Egypt: the effect of vaccination, closing status and farm size |
| title_fullStr | Avian influenza A (H5N1) outbreaks in different poultry farm types in Egypt: the effect of vaccination, closing status and farm size |
| title_full_unstemmed | Avian influenza A (H5N1) outbreaks in different poultry farm types in Egypt: the effect of vaccination, closing status and farm size |
| title_short | Avian influenza A (H5N1) outbreaks in different poultry farm types in Egypt: the effect of vaccination, closing status and farm size |
| title_sort | avian influenza a h5n1 outbreaks in different poultry farm types in egypt the effect of vaccination closing status and farm size |
| topic | Avian influenza A (H5N1) Egypt Poultry farms Risk or protective factors Biosecurity |
| url | http://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s12917-018-1519-8 |
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