Companion Animals as Potential Reservoirs of Antibiotic Resistant Diarrheagenic <i>Escherichia coli</i> in Shandong, China
Antibiotic resistance genes of <i>Escherichia coli</i> (<i>E. coli</i>) from companion animals were still poorly understood. Here, we investigated the extended-spectrum β-lactamases (ESBLs) resistance genes of <i>E. coli</i> from companion animals in Shandong, Chi...
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MDPI AG
2022-06-01
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| Series: | Antibiotics |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2079-6382/11/6/828 |
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| author | Lulu Cui Xiaonan Zhao Ruibo Li Yu Han Guijuan Hao Guisheng Wang Shuhong Sun |
| author_facet | Lulu Cui Xiaonan Zhao Ruibo Li Yu Han Guijuan Hao Guisheng Wang Shuhong Sun |
| author_sort | Lulu Cui |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Antibiotic resistance genes of <i>Escherichia coli</i> (<i>E. coli</i>) from companion animals were still poorly understood. Here, we investigated the extended-spectrum β-lactamases (ESBLs) resistance genes of <i>E. coli</i> from companion animals in Shandong, China. A total of 79 isolates (80.6%) were recovered from 98 healthy or diarrheal companion animals in 2021, among which ESBLs-producing isolates accounted for 43.0% (34/79), and more than half of ESBL <i>E. coli</i> (ESBL-EC) strains (<i>n</i> = 19) were isolated from healthy companion animals. Diarrheagenic <i>E. coli</i> isolates (45.6%, <i>n</i> = 36) were represented by enterotoxigenic (ETEC) (32.9%), enteropathogenic (EPEC) (10.1%) and enteroinvasive (EIEC) (2.6%), 20 isolates of which were from healthy pets. Among tested antibiotics, resistance to tetracycline (64.6%) was the most commonly observed, followed by doxycycline (59.5%) and ampicillin (53.2%). Notably, all isolates were susceptible to meropenem. The multidrug-resistant (MDR) rate was 49.4%, 20 isolates of which were ESBLs producers; moreover, 23.4%, 16.4% of ESBL-EC strains were resistant to 5 or more, 7 or more antibiotics, respectively. Among the 5 β-lactamase resistance genes, the most frequent gene was <i>bla</i><sub>CTX-M</sub> (60.76%), followed by <i>bla</i><sub>SHV</sub> (40.51%). The plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance (PMQR) gene <i>aac(6’)-Ib-cr</i> was detected in 35 isolates. Additionally, ESBL-associated genes (i.e., <i>bla</i><sub>CTX-M</sub>, <i>bla</i><sub>SHV</sub>) were found in 76.5% ESBL-EC strains, with six isolates carrying <i>bla</i><sub>CTX-M</sub> and <i>bla</i><sub>SHV</sub>. The marker gene of high-pathogenicity island gene <i>irp2</i> (encoding iron capture systems) was the most frequency virulence gene. Our results showed that ESBL-EC were widespread in healthy or diarrhea companion animals, especially healthy pets, which may be a potential reservoir of antibiotic resistance, therefore, enhancing a risk to public and animal health. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T00:35:35Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-9ef82012fd6946c39654249c25909b09 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2079-6382 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T00:35:35Z |
| publishDate | 2022-06-01 |
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| series | Antibiotics |
| spelling | doaj.art-9ef82012fd6946c39654249c25909b092023-11-23T15:18:04ZengMDPI AGAntibiotics2079-63822022-06-0111682810.3390/antibiotics11060828Companion Animals as Potential Reservoirs of Antibiotic Resistant Diarrheagenic <i>Escherichia coli</i> in Shandong, ChinaLulu Cui0Xiaonan Zhao1Ruibo Li2Yu Han3Guijuan Hao4Guisheng Wang5Shuhong Sun6Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Disease Control and Prevention, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai’an 271018, ChinaInstitute of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan 250100, ChinaShandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Disease Control and Prevention, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai’an 271018, ChinaShandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Disease Control and Prevention, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai’an 271018, ChinaShandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Disease Control and Prevention, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai’an 271018, ChinaShandong Animal Disease Prevention and Control Center, Jinan 250100, ChinaShandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Disease Control and Prevention, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai’an 271018, ChinaAntibiotic resistance genes of <i>Escherichia coli</i> (<i>E. coli</i>) from companion animals were still poorly understood. Here, we investigated the extended-spectrum β-lactamases (ESBLs) resistance genes of <i>E. coli</i> from companion animals in Shandong, China. A total of 79 isolates (80.6%) were recovered from 98 healthy or diarrheal companion animals in 2021, among which ESBLs-producing isolates accounted for 43.0% (34/79), and more than half of ESBL <i>E. coli</i> (ESBL-EC) strains (<i>n</i> = 19) were isolated from healthy companion animals. Diarrheagenic <i>E. coli</i> isolates (45.6%, <i>n</i> = 36) were represented by enterotoxigenic (ETEC) (32.9%), enteropathogenic (EPEC) (10.1%) and enteroinvasive (EIEC) (2.6%), 20 isolates of which were from healthy pets. Among tested antibiotics, resistance to tetracycline (64.6%) was the most commonly observed, followed by doxycycline (59.5%) and ampicillin (53.2%). Notably, all isolates were susceptible to meropenem. The multidrug-resistant (MDR) rate was 49.4%, 20 isolates of which were ESBLs producers; moreover, 23.4%, 16.4% of ESBL-EC strains were resistant to 5 or more, 7 or more antibiotics, respectively. Among the 5 β-lactamase resistance genes, the most frequent gene was <i>bla</i><sub>CTX-M</sub> (60.76%), followed by <i>bla</i><sub>SHV</sub> (40.51%). The plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance (PMQR) gene <i>aac(6’)-Ib-cr</i> was detected in 35 isolates. Additionally, ESBL-associated genes (i.e., <i>bla</i><sub>CTX-M</sub>, <i>bla</i><sub>SHV</sub>) were found in 76.5% ESBL-EC strains, with six isolates carrying <i>bla</i><sub>CTX-M</sub> and <i>bla</i><sub>SHV</sub>. The marker gene of high-pathogenicity island gene <i>irp2</i> (encoding iron capture systems) was the most frequency virulence gene. Our results showed that ESBL-EC were widespread in healthy or diarrhea companion animals, especially healthy pets, which may be a potential reservoir of antibiotic resistance, therefore, enhancing a risk to public and animal health.https://www.mdpi.com/2079-6382/11/6/828antimicrobial resistance<i>Escherichia coli</i>ESBLsphenotypecompanion animalsdiarrheagenic |
| spellingShingle | Lulu Cui Xiaonan Zhao Ruibo Li Yu Han Guijuan Hao Guisheng Wang Shuhong Sun Companion Animals as Potential Reservoirs of Antibiotic Resistant Diarrheagenic <i>Escherichia coli</i> in Shandong, China Antibiotics antimicrobial resistance <i>Escherichia coli</i> ESBLs phenotype companion animals diarrheagenic |
| title | Companion Animals as Potential Reservoirs of Antibiotic Resistant Diarrheagenic <i>Escherichia coli</i> in Shandong, China |
| title_full | Companion Animals as Potential Reservoirs of Antibiotic Resistant Diarrheagenic <i>Escherichia coli</i> in Shandong, China |
| title_fullStr | Companion Animals as Potential Reservoirs of Antibiotic Resistant Diarrheagenic <i>Escherichia coli</i> in Shandong, China |
| title_full_unstemmed | Companion Animals as Potential Reservoirs of Antibiotic Resistant Diarrheagenic <i>Escherichia coli</i> in Shandong, China |
| title_short | Companion Animals as Potential Reservoirs of Antibiotic Resistant Diarrheagenic <i>Escherichia coli</i> in Shandong, China |
| title_sort | companion animals as potential reservoirs of antibiotic resistant diarrheagenic i escherichia coli i in shandong china |
| topic | antimicrobial resistance <i>Escherichia coli</i> ESBLs phenotype companion animals diarrheagenic |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2079-6382/11/6/828 |
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