Overview of Gemstone Resources in China
Gemstones are minerals of gem qualities used for adornment and decoration with the attributes of beauty, durability and rarity. Traditionally, although China has been regarded as the most important source for nephrite, over the past decades, a large variety of gemstone resources have been newly disc...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2021-09-01
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| Series: | Crystals |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4352/11/10/1189 |
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| author | Xiao-Yan Yu Zheng-Yu Long Yi Zhang Li-Jie Qin Cun Zhang Zhi-Rong Xie Yu-Rui Wu Ying Yan Ming-Ke Wu Jia-Xin Wan |
| author_facet | Xiao-Yan Yu Zheng-Yu Long Yi Zhang Li-Jie Qin Cun Zhang Zhi-Rong Xie Yu-Rui Wu Ying Yan Ming-Ke Wu Jia-Xin Wan |
| author_sort | Xiao-Yan Yu |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Gemstones are minerals of gem qualities used for adornment and decoration with the attributes of beauty, durability and rarity. Traditionally, although China has been regarded as the most important source for nephrite, over the past decades, a large variety of gemstone resources have been newly discovered in China owing to continuous exploration works. The vast land with various geological and geochemical backgrounds is rich in gemstone resources with potential for new deposits discoveries. In pegmatites, gemstones are related to granitic magma events and mainly occur in pegmatitic cavities, such as tourmaline, aquamarine, spodumene, spessartine, moonstone, quartz, apatite, and topaz. The eruption of Tertiary basaltic magma provides gem-quality sapphire, spinel, olivine, garnet, and zircon. The supergene oxidation zones of some copper and iron deposits in Hubei and Anhui province host gem-quality turquoise and malachite. Moreover, the formation of the nephrite deposit in China is mostly related to the carbonatite and serpentinite rocks involved in the metamorphic-metasomatic processes. This paper comprehensively introduces the distribution of gemstones deposits, as well as the gemological and mineralogical characteristics of gemstones in China. Our present investigation provides insights into the gemstone potential of China for further exploitation. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T06:38:45Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-9f009bf5c9e047f3b470d1a17dc6bcaf |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2073-4352 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T06:38:45Z |
| publishDate | 2021-09-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Crystals |
| spelling | doaj.art-9f009bf5c9e047f3b470d1a17dc6bcaf2023-11-22T17:53:01ZengMDPI AGCrystals2073-43522021-09-011110118910.3390/cryst11101189Overview of Gemstone Resources in ChinaXiao-Yan Yu0Zheng-Yu Long1Yi Zhang2Li-Jie Qin3Cun Zhang4Zhi-Rong Xie5Yu-Rui Wu6Ying Yan7Ming-Ke Wu8Jia-Xin Wan9School of Gemology, China University of Geosciences Beijing, 29 Xueyuan Road, Beijing 100083, ChinaSchool of Gemology, China University of Geosciences Beijing, 29 Xueyuan Road, Beijing 100083, ChinaSchool of Gemology, China University of Geosciences Beijing, 29 Xueyuan Road, Beijing 100083, ChinaSchool of Gemology, China University of Geosciences Beijing, 29 Xueyuan Road, Beijing 100083, ChinaSchool of Gemology, China University of Geosciences Beijing, 29 Xueyuan Road, Beijing 100083, ChinaSchool of Gemology, China University of Geosciences Beijing, 29 Xueyuan Road, Beijing 100083, ChinaSchool of Gemology, China University of Geosciences Beijing, 29 Xueyuan Road, Beijing 100083, ChinaSchool of Gemology, China University of Geosciences Beijing, 29 Xueyuan Road, Beijing 100083, ChinaSchool of Gemology, China University of Geosciences Beijing, 29 Xueyuan Road, Beijing 100083, ChinaSchool of Gemology, China University of Geosciences Beijing, 29 Xueyuan Road, Beijing 100083, ChinaGemstones are minerals of gem qualities used for adornment and decoration with the attributes of beauty, durability and rarity. Traditionally, although China has been regarded as the most important source for nephrite, over the past decades, a large variety of gemstone resources have been newly discovered in China owing to continuous exploration works. The vast land with various geological and geochemical backgrounds is rich in gemstone resources with potential for new deposits discoveries. In pegmatites, gemstones are related to granitic magma events and mainly occur in pegmatitic cavities, such as tourmaline, aquamarine, spodumene, spessartine, moonstone, quartz, apatite, and topaz. The eruption of Tertiary basaltic magma provides gem-quality sapphire, spinel, olivine, garnet, and zircon. The supergene oxidation zones of some copper and iron deposits in Hubei and Anhui province host gem-quality turquoise and malachite. Moreover, the formation of the nephrite deposit in China is mostly related to the carbonatite and serpentinite rocks involved in the metamorphic-metasomatic processes. This paper comprehensively introduces the distribution of gemstones deposits, as well as the gemological and mineralogical characteristics of gemstones in China. Our present investigation provides insights into the gemstone potential of China for further exploitation.https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4352/11/10/1189gemstonesgemstone depositsjadesgemologymineralogyChina |
| spellingShingle | Xiao-Yan Yu Zheng-Yu Long Yi Zhang Li-Jie Qin Cun Zhang Zhi-Rong Xie Yu-Rui Wu Ying Yan Ming-Ke Wu Jia-Xin Wan Overview of Gemstone Resources in China Crystals gemstones gemstone deposits jades gemology mineralogy China |
| title | Overview of Gemstone Resources in China |
| title_full | Overview of Gemstone Resources in China |
| title_fullStr | Overview of Gemstone Resources in China |
| title_full_unstemmed | Overview of Gemstone Resources in China |
| title_short | Overview of Gemstone Resources in China |
| title_sort | overview of gemstone resources in china |
| topic | gemstones gemstone deposits jades gemology mineralogy China |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4352/11/10/1189 |
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