Evaluation of immunogenicity of enterobactin conjugate vaccine for the control of Escherichia coli mastitis in dairy cows
ABSTRACT: Mastitis is the most common disease of dairy cows that incurs severe economic losses to the dairy industry. Currently, environmental mastitis pathogens are a major problem for most dairy farms. A current commercially available Escherichia coli vaccine does not prevent clinical mastitis and...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Elsevier
2023-10-01
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| Series: | Journal of Dairy Science |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0022030223002497 |
| _version_ | 1797676366854881280 |
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| author | X. Zeng J. Vidlund B. Gillespie L. Cao G.E. Agga J. Lin O. Kerro Dego |
| author_facet | X. Zeng J. Vidlund B. Gillespie L. Cao G.E. Agga J. Lin O. Kerro Dego |
| author_sort | X. Zeng |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | ABSTRACT: Mastitis is the most common disease of dairy cows that incurs severe economic losses to the dairy industry. Currently, environmental mastitis pathogens are a major problem for most dairy farms. A current commercially available Escherichia coli vaccine does not prevent clinical mastitis and production losses, likely due to antibody accessibility and antigenic variation issues. Therefore, a novel vaccine that prevents clinical disease and production losses is critically needed. Recently a nutritional immunity approach, which restricts bacterial iron uptake by immunologically sequestering conserved iron-binding enterobactin (Ent), has been developed. The objective of this study was to evaluate the immunogenicity of the keyhole limpet hemocyanin-enterobactin (KLH-Ent) conjugate vaccine in dairy cows. Twelve pregnant Holstein dairy cows in their first through third lactations were randomized to the control or vaccine group, with 6 cows per group. The vaccine group received 3 subcutaneous vaccinations of KLH-Ent with adjuvants at drying off (D0), 20 (D21), and 40 (D42) days after drying off. The control group was injected with phosphate-buffered saline (pH 7.4) mixed with the same adjuvants at the same time points. Vaccination effects were assessed over the study period until the end of the first month of lactation. The KLH-Ent vaccine did not cause any systemic adverse reactions or reduction in milk production. Compared with the control group, the vaccine elicited significantly higher levels of serum Ent-specific IgG at calving (C0) and 30 d postcalving (C30), mainly its IgG2 fraction, which was significantly higher at D42, C0, C14, and C30 d, with no significant change in IgG1 levels. Milk Ent-specific IgG and IgG2 levels in the vaccine group were significantly higher on C30. Fecal microbial community structures were similar for both control and vaccine groups on the same day and shifted directionally along the sampling days. In conclusion, the KLH-Ent vaccine successfully triggered strong Ent-specific immune responses in dairy cows without significantly affecting the gut microbiota diversity and health. The results show that Ent conjugate vaccine is a promising nutritional immunity approach in control of E. coli mastitis in dairy cows. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-11T22:28:03Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-9f069a8204b44afdb21ce2d7e9c03efb |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 0022-0302 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-11T22:28:03Z |
| publishDate | 2023-10-01 |
| publisher | Elsevier |
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| series | Journal of Dairy Science |
| spelling | doaj.art-9f069a8204b44afdb21ce2d7e9c03efb2023-09-24T05:13:35ZengElsevierJournal of Dairy Science0022-03022023-10-011061071477163Evaluation of immunogenicity of enterobactin conjugate vaccine for the control of Escherichia coli mastitis in dairy cowsX. Zeng0J. Vidlund1B. Gillespie2L. Cao3G.E. Agga4J. Lin5O. Kerro Dego6Department of Animal Science, The University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996Department of Animal Science, The University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996Department of Animal Science, The University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996Department of Animal Science, The University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996Food Animal Environmental Systems Research Unit, Agricultural Research Service, US Department of Agriculture, Bowling Green, KY 42101Department of Animal Science, The University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996Department of Animal Science, The University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996; Corresponding authorABSTRACT: Mastitis is the most common disease of dairy cows that incurs severe economic losses to the dairy industry. Currently, environmental mastitis pathogens are a major problem for most dairy farms. A current commercially available Escherichia coli vaccine does not prevent clinical mastitis and production losses, likely due to antibody accessibility and antigenic variation issues. Therefore, a novel vaccine that prevents clinical disease and production losses is critically needed. Recently a nutritional immunity approach, which restricts bacterial iron uptake by immunologically sequestering conserved iron-binding enterobactin (Ent), has been developed. The objective of this study was to evaluate the immunogenicity of the keyhole limpet hemocyanin-enterobactin (KLH-Ent) conjugate vaccine in dairy cows. Twelve pregnant Holstein dairy cows in their first through third lactations were randomized to the control or vaccine group, with 6 cows per group. The vaccine group received 3 subcutaneous vaccinations of KLH-Ent with adjuvants at drying off (D0), 20 (D21), and 40 (D42) days after drying off. The control group was injected with phosphate-buffered saline (pH 7.4) mixed with the same adjuvants at the same time points. Vaccination effects were assessed over the study period until the end of the first month of lactation. The KLH-Ent vaccine did not cause any systemic adverse reactions or reduction in milk production. Compared with the control group, the vaccine elicited significantly higher levels of serum Ent-specific IgG at calving (C0) and 30 d postcalving (C30), mainly its IgG2 fraction, which was significantly higher at D42, C0, C14, and C30 d, with no significant change in IgG1 levels. Milk Ent-specific IgG and IgG2 levels in the vaccine group were significantly higher on C30. Fecal microbial community structures were similar for both control and vaccine groups on the same day and shifted directionally along the sampling days. In conclusion, the KLH-Ent vaccine successfully triggered strong Ent-specific immune responses in dairy cows without significantly affecting the gut microbiota diversity and health. The results show that Ent conjugate vaccine is a promising nutritional immunity approach in control of E. coli mastitis in dairy cows.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0022030223002497enterobactinmastitisdairy cowEscherichia coliiron uptake |
| spellingShingle | X. Zeng J. Vidlund B. Gillespie L. Cao G.E. Agga J. Lin O. Kerro Dego Evaluation of immunogenicity of enterobactin conjugate vaccine for the control of Escherichia coli mastitis in dairy cows Journal of Dairy Science enterobactin mastitis dairy cow Escherichia coli iron uptake |
| title | Evaluation of immunogenicity of enterobactin conjugate vaccine for the control of Escherichia coli mastitis in dairy cows |
| title_full | Evaluation of immunogenicity of enterobactin conjugate vaccine for the control of Escherichia coli mastitis in dairy cows |
| title_fullStr | Evaluation of immunogenicity of enterobactin conjugate vaccine for the control of Escherichia coli mastitis in dairy cows |
| title_full_unstemmed | Evaluation of immunogenicity of enterobactin conjugate vaccine for the control of Escherichia coli mastitis in dairy cows |
| title_short | Evaluation of immunogenicity of enterobactin conjugate vaccine for the control of Escherichia coli mastitis in dairy cows |
| title_sort | evaluation of immunogenicity of enterobactin conjugate vaccine for the control of escherichia coli mastitis in dairy cows |
| topic | enterobactin mastitis dairy cow Escherichia coli iron uptake |
| url | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0022030223002497 |
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