Poly (Lactic Acid)/Ground Tire Rubber Blends Using Peroxide Vulcanization
Poly (Lactic Acid) (PLA)/Ground Tire Rubber (GTR) blends using Dicumyl peroxide (DCP) as a crosslinking agent were prepared with the following aims: propose a new route to recycle wastes rubber from the automotive industry and improve the toughness and impact strength of the inherently brittle bio-b...
| Main Authors: | , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
MDPI AG
2021-05-01
|
| Series: | Polymers |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4360/13/9/1496 |
| _version_ | 1797535094383050752 |
|---|---|
| author | Nicolas Candau Oguzhan Oguz Noel León Albiter Gero Förster Maria Lluïsa Maspoch |
| author_facet | Nicolas Candau Oguzhan Oguz Noel León Albiter Gero Förster Maria Lluïsa Maspoch |
| author_sort | Nicolas Candau |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Poly (Lactic Acid) (PLA)/Ground Tire Rubber (GTR) blends using Dicumyl peroxide (DCP) as a crosslinking agent were prepared with the following aims: propose a new route to recycle wastes rubber from the automotive industry and improve the toughness and impact strength of the inherently brittle bio-based PLA. The GTR were subjected to two types of grinding process (cryo- and dry ambient grinding). Swelling measurements revealed the grinding to be associated with a mechanical damage of the rubber chains, independently on the type of grinding or on the GTR size (from <400 µm to <63 µm). Moreover, the finest GTR contains the largest amount of reinforcing elements (carbon black, clay) that can be advantageously used in PLA/GTR blends. Indeed, the use of the finest cryo-grinded GTR in the presence of DCP showed the least decrease of the tensile strength (−30%); maintenance of the tensile modulus and the largest improvement of the strain at break (+80%), energy at break (+60%) and impact strength (+90%) as compared to the neat PLA. The results were attributed to the good dispersion of both fine GTR and clay particles into the PLA matrix. Moreover, a possible re-crosslinking of the GTR particles and/or co-crosslinking at PLA/GTR interface in presence of DCP is expected to contribute to such improved ductility and impact strength. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T11:39:26Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-9f0a9e4740944efdabe7e7e42a25a019 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2073-4360 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T11:39:26Z |
| publishDate | 2021-05-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Polymers |
| spelling | doaj.art-9f0a9e4740944efdabe7e7e42a25a0192023-11-21T18:36:42ZengMDPI AGPolymers2073-43602021-05-01139149610.3390/polym13091496Poly (Lactic Acid)/Ground Tire Rubber Blends Using Peroxide VulcanizationNicolas Candau0Oguzhan Oguz1Noel León Albiter2Gero Förster3Maria Lluïsa Maspoch4Centre Català del Plàstic (CCP), Polytechnic University of Catalunya, Barcelona Tech (EEBE-UPC), Av. D’Eduard Maristany 16, 08019 Barcelona, SpainFaculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Materials Science and Nano Engineering, Sabanci University, 34956 Istanbul, TurkeyCentre Català del Plàstic (CCP), Polytechnic University of Catalunya, Barcelona Tech (EEBE-UPC), Av. D’Eduard Maristany 16, 08019 Barcelona, SpainCentre Català del Plàstic (CCP), Polytechnic University of Catalunya, Barcelona Tech (EEBE-UPC), Av. D’Eduard Maristany 16, 08019 Barcelona, SpainCentre Català del Plàstic (CCP), Polytechnic University of Catalunya, Barcelona Tech (EEBE-UPC), Av. D’Eduard Maristany 16, 08019 Barcelona, SpainPoly (Lactic Acid) (PLA)/Ground Tire Rubber (GTR) blends using Dicumyl peroxide (DCP) as a crosslinking agent were prepared with the following aims: propose a new route to recycle wastes rubber from the automotive industry and improve the toughness and impact strength of the inherently brittle bio-based PLA. The GTR were subjected to two types of grinding process (cryo- and dry ambient grinding). Swelling measurements revealed the grinding to be associated with a mechanical damage of the rubber chains, independently on the type of grinding or on the GTR size (from <400 µm to <63 µm). Moreover, the finest GTR contains the largest amount of reinforcing elements (carbon black, clay) that can be advantageously used in PLA/GTR blends. Indeed, the use of the finest cryo-grinded GTR in the presence of DCP showed the least decrease of the tensile strength (−30%); maintenance of the tensile modulus and the largest improvement of the strain at break (+80%), energy at break (+60%) and impact strength (+90%) as compared to the neat PLA. The results were attributed to the good dispersion of both fine GTR and clay particles into the PLA matrix. Moreover, a possible re-crosslinking of the GTR particles and/or co-crosslinking at PLA/GTR interface in presence of DCP is expected to contribute to such improved ductility and impact strength.https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4360/13/9/1496poly (lactic acid) (PLA)wastes rubberrecyclingtensile properties |
| spellingShingle | Nicolas Candau Oguzhan Oguz Noel León Albiter Gero Förster Maria Lluïsa Maspoch Poly (Lactic Acid)/Ground Tire Rubber Blends Using Peroxide Vulcanization Polymers poly (lactic acid) (PLA) wastes rubber recycling tensile properties |
| title | Poly (Lactic Acid)/Ground Tire Rubber Blends Using Peroxide Vulcanization |
| title_full | Poly (Lactic Acid)/Ground Tire Rubber Blends Using Peroxide Vulcanization |
| title_fullStr | Poly (Lactic Acid)/Ground Tire Rubber Blends Using Peroxide Vulcanization |
| title_full_unstemmed | Poly (Lactic Acid)/Ground Tire Rubber Blends Using Peroxide Vulcanization |
| title_short | Poly (Lactic Acid)/Ground Tire Rubber Blends Using Peroxide Vulcanization |
| title_sort | poly lactic acid ground tire rubber blends using peroxide vulcanization |
| topic | poly (lactic acid) (PLA) wastes rubber recycling tensile properties |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4360/13/9/1496 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT nicolascandau polylacticacidgroundtirerubberblendsusingperoxidevulcanization AT oguzhanoguz polylacticacidgroundtirerubberblendsusingperoxidevulcanization AT noelleonalbiter polylacticacidgroundtirerubberblendsusingperoxidevulcanization AT geroforster polylacticacidgroundtirerubberblendsusingperoxidevulcanization AT marialluisamaspoch polylacticacidgroundtirerubberblendsusingperoxidevulcanization |