Synergism Antiproliferative Effects of Apigenin and Naringenin in NSCLC Cells
Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is one of the leading cancer killers. Apigenin (Api) and Naringenin (Nar) are natural bioactive substances obtained in various vegetables and fruits, possessing anti-tumor effects across multiple studies. This study investigated the latent synergistic antiprolifera...
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MDPI AG
2023-06-01
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| Series: | Molecules |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/28/13/4947 |
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| author | Xiongxiong Liu Ting Zhao Zheng Shi Cuilan Hu Qiang Li Chao Sun |
| author_facet | Xiongxiong Liu Ting Zhao Zheng Shi Cuilan Hu Qiang Li Chao Sun |
| author_sort | Xiongxiong Liu |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is one of the leading cancer killers. Apigenin (Api) and Naringenin (Nar) are natural bioactive substances obtained in various vegetables and fruits, possessing anti-tumor effects across multiple studies. This study investigated the latent synergistic antiproliferative functions of Api and Nar in A549 and H1299 NSCLC cells. Cell viability was determined after incubating with different concentrations of Api, Nar, or the combination of Api and Nar (CoAN) for 24 h. Analysis using the CompuSyn software revealed that the CI value of each combined dose was < 1, depicting that the two drugs had a synergistic inhibitory effect. The CoAN (A:N = 3:2) group with the lowest CI value was selected for subsequent experiments. The IC<sub>50</sub> of CoAN (A:N = 3:2) was used to determine the cell cycle, the expression ratio of Bax to Bcl2, Caspase 3 activity, and mitochondrial function to assess oxidative stress and apoptosis. The results established that CoAN treatment caused significant cytotoxicity with cell cycle arrest at G2/M phases. Furthermore, CoAN significantly enhanced mitochondria dysfunction, elevated oxidative stress, and activated the apoptotic pathway versus Api or Nar alone groups. Thus, the CoAN chemotherapy approach is promising and deserves further research. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-11T01:34:25Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-9f1de8d234aa41568372fd703002b916 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1420-3049 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-11T01:34:25Z |
| publishDate | 2023-06-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Molecules |
| spelling | doaj.art-9f1de8d234aa41568372fd703002b9162023-11-18T17:05:51ZengMDPI AGMolecules1420-30492023-06-012813494710.3390/molecules28134947Synergism Antiproliferative Effects of Apigenin and Naringenin in NSCLC CellsXiongxiong Liu0Ting Zhao1Zheng Shi2Cuilan Hu3Qiang Li4Chao Sun5Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, ChinaInstitute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, ChinaInstitute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, ChinaInstitute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, ChinaInstitute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, ChinaInstitute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, ChinaNon-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is one of the leading cancer killers. Apigenin (Api) and Naringenin (Nar) are natural bioactive substances obtained in various vegetables and fruits, possessing anti-tumor effects across multiple studies. This study investigated the latent synergistic antiproliferative functions of Api and Nar in A549 and H1299 NSCLC cells. Cell viability was determined after incubating with different concentrations of Api, Nar, or the combination of Api and Nar (CoAN) for 24 h. Analysis using the CompuSyn software revealed that the CI value of each combined dose was < 1, depicting that the two drugs had a synergistic inhibitory effect. The CoAN (A:N = 3:2) group with the lowest CI value was selected for subsequent experiments. The IC<sub>50</sub> of CoAN (A:N = 3:2) was used to determine the cell cycle, the expression ratio of Bax to Bcl2, Caspase 3 activity, and mitochondrial function to assess oxidative stress and apoptosis. The results established that CoAN treatment caused significant cytotoxicity with cell cycle arrest at G2/M phases. Furthermore, CoAN significantly enhanced mitochondria dysfunction, elevated oxidative stress, and activated the apoptotic pathway versus Api or Nar alone groups. Thus, the CoAN chemotherapy approach is promising and deserves further research.https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/28/13/4947apigeninnaringeninnon-small cell lung cancersynergismantiproliferation |
| spellingShingle | Xiongxiong Liu Ting Zhao Zheng Shi Cuilan Hu Qiang Li Chao Sun Synergism Antiproliferative Effects of Apigenin and Naringenin in NSCLC Cells Molecules apigenin naringenin non-small cell lung cancer synergism antiproliferation |
| title | Synergism Antiproliferative Effects of Apigenin and Naringenin in NSCLC Cells |
| title_full | Synergism Antiproliferative Effects of Apigenin and Naringenin in NSCLC Cells |
| title_fullStr | Synergism Antiproliferative Effects of Apigenin and Naringenin in NSCLC Cells |
| title_full_unstemmed | Synergism Antiproliferative Effects of Apigenin and Naringenin in NSCLC Cells |
| title_short | Synergism Antiproliferative Effects of Apigenin and Naringenin in NSCLC Cells |
| title_sort | synergism antiproliferative effects of apigenin and naringenin in nsclc cells |
| topic | apigenin naringenin non-small cell lung cancer synergism antiproliferation |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/28/13/4947 |
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