Patterns of Ecological Adaptation of <i>Aedes aegypti</i> and <i>Aedes albopictus</i> and <i>Stegomyia</i> Indices Highlight the Potential Risk of Arbovirus Transmission in Yaoundé, the Capital City of Cameroon
The dynamic of arbovirus vectors such as <i>Aedes aegypti</i> and <i>Ae. albopictus</i> remains poorly understood in large cities in central Africa. Here, we compared the larval ecology, geographical distribution and degree of infestation of <i>Ae. aegypti</i> and...
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| Format: | Article |
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MDPI AG
2020-06-01
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| Series: | Pathogens |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-0817/9/6/491 |
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| author | Armel N. Tedjou Basile Kamgang Aurélie P. Yougang Theodel A. Wilson-Bahun Flobert Njiokou Charles S. Wondji |
| author_facet | Armel N. Tedjou Basile Kamgang Aurélie P. Yougang Theodel A. Wilson-Bahun Flobert Njiokou Charles S. Wondji |
| author_sort | Armel N. Tedjou |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The dynamic of arbovirus vectors such as <i>Aedes aegypti</i> and <i>Ae. albopictus</i> remains poorly understood in large cities in central Africa. Here, we compared the larval ecology, geographical distribution and degree of infestation of <i>Ae. aegypti</i> and <i>Ae. albopictus</i> in Yaoundé, the capital city of Cameroon, and estimated their <i>Stegomyia</i> indices revealing a significant potential risk of arbovirus transmission. An entomological survey was conducted in April–May 2018 in a cluster of houses randomly selected. Each selected house was inspected, the number of inhabitants was recorded, and potential and positive containers for <i>Aedes</i> were characterized. <i>Stegomyia</i> and pupae-based indices were estimated. Overall, 447 houses and 954 containers were inspected comprising 10,801 immature stages of <i>Aedes</i> with 84.95% of <i>Ae. albopictus</i> and 15.05% of <i>Ae. aegypti</i>. Both species bred mainly in discarded tanks and used tyres, associated with turbid water and the presence of plant debris inside containers. <i>Aedes albopictus</i> was the most prevalent species in almost all neighbourhoods. The house index, Breteau index, and container index were higher for <i>Ae. albopictus</i> (38.26%, 71.81%, and 29.61%) compared to those of <i>Ae. aegypti</i> (25.73%, 40.93%, and 16.88%). These indices are high compared to the thresholds established by Pan American Health Organization and World Health Organization, which suggests a high potential risk of arbovirus transmission. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T19:00:28Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-9f246f795f4c4bbc8cbaaf51486ca316 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2076-0817 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T19:00:28Z |
| publishDate | 2020-06-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Pathogens |
| spelling | doaj.art-9f246f795f4c4bbc8cbaaf51486ca3162023-11-20T04:28:08ZengMDPI AGPathogens2076-08172020-06-019649110.3390/pathogens9060491Patterns of Ecological Adaptation of <i>Aedes aegypti</i> and <i>Aedes albopictus</i> and <i>Stegomyia</i> Indices Highlight the Potential Risk of Arbovirus Transmission in Yaoundé, the Capital City of CameroonArmel N. Tedjou0Basile Kamgang1Aurélie P. Yougang2Theodel A. Wilson-Bahun3Flobert Njiokou4Charles S. Wondji5Department of Medical Entomology, Centre for Research in Infectious Diseases, 15391 Yaoundé, CameroonDepartment of Medical Entomology, Centre for Research in Infectious Diseases, 15391 Yaoundé, CameroonDepartment of Medical Entomology, Centre for Research in Infectious Diseases, 15391 Yaoundé, CameroonDepartment of Medical Entomology, Centre for Research in Infectious Diseases, 15391 Yaoundé, CameroonDepartment of Animal Biology and Physiology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Yaoundé I, 812 Yaoundé, CameroonDepartment of Medical Entomology, Centre for Research in Infectious Diseases, 15391 Yaoundé, CameroonThe dynamic of arbovirus vectors such as <i>Aedes aegypti</i> and <i>Ae. albopictus</i> remains poorly understood in large cities in central Africa. Here, we compared the larval ecology, geographical distribution and degree of infestation of <i>Ae. aegypti</i> and <i>Ae. albopictus</i> in Yaoundé, the capital city of Cameroon, and estimated their <i>Stegomyia</i> indices revealing a significant potential risk of arbovirus transmission. An entomological survey was conducted in April–May 2018 in a cluster of houses randomly selected. Each selected house was inspected, the number of inhabitants was recorded, and potential and positive containers for <i>Aedes</i> were characterized. <i>Stegomyia</i> and pupae-based indices were estimated. Overall, 447 houses and 954 containers were inspected comprising 10,801 immature stages of <i>Aedes</i> with 84.95% of <i>Ae. albopictus</i> and 15.05% of <i>Ae. aegypti</i>. Both species bred mainly in discarded tanks and used tyres, associated with turbid water and the presence of plant debris inside containers. <i>Aedes albopictus</i> was the most prevalent species in almost all neighbourhoods. The house index, Breteau index, and container index were higher for <i>Ae. albopictus</i> (38.26%, 71.81%, and 29.61%) compared to those of <i>Ae. aegypti</i> (25.73%, 40.93%, and 16.88%). These indices are high compared to the thresholds established by Pan American Health Organization and World Health Organization, which suggests a high potential risk of arbovirus transmission.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-0817/9/6/491<i>Aedes albopictus</i><i>Aedes aegypti</i><i>Stegomyia</i> indicesarbovirusCameroon |
| spellingShingle | Armel N. Tedjou Basile Kamgang Aurélie P. Yougang Theodel A. Wilson-Bahun Flobert Njiokou Charles S. Wondji Patterns of Ecological Adaptation of <i>Aedes aegypti</i> and <i>Aedes albopictus</i> and <i>Stegomyia</i> Indices Highlight the Potential Risk of Arbovirus Transmission in Yaoundé, the Capital City of Cameroon Pathogens <i>Aedes albopictus</i> <i>Aedes aegypti</i> <i>Stegomyia</i> indices arbovirus Cameroon |
| title | Patterns of Ecological Adaptation of <i>Aedes aegypti</i> and <i>Aedes albopictus</i> and <i>Stegomyia</i> Indices Highlight the Potential Risk of Arbovirus Transmission in Yaoundé, the Capital City of Cameroon |
| title_full | Patterns of Ecological Adaptation of <i>Aedes aegypti</i> and <i>Aedes albopictus</i> and <i>Stegomyia</i> Indices Highlight the Potential Risk of Arbovirus Transmission in Yaoundé, the Capital City of Cameroon |
| title_fullStr | Patterns of Ecological Adaptation of <i>Aedes aegypti</i> and <i>Aedes albopictus</i> and <i>Stegomyia</i> Indices Highlight the Potential Risk of Arbovirus Transmission in Yaoundé, the Capital City of Cameroon |
| title_full_unstemmed | Patterns of Ecological Adaptation of <i>Aedes aegypti</i> and <i>Aedes albopictus</i> and <i>Stegomyia</i> Indices Highlight the Potential Risk of Arbovirus Transmission in Yaoundé, the Capital City of Cameroon |
| title_short | Patterns of Ecological Adaptation of <i>Aedes aegypti</i> and <i>Aedes albopictus</i> and <i>Stegomyia</i> Indices Highlight the Potential Risk of Arbovirus Transmission in Yaoundé, the Capital City of Cameroon |
| title_sort | patterns of ecological adaptation of i aedes aegypti i and i aedes albopictus i and i stegomyia i indices highlight the potential risk of arbovirus transmission in yaounde the capital city of cameroon |
| topic | <i>Aedes albopictus</i> <i>Aedes aegypti</i> <i>Stegomyia</i> indices arbovirus Cameroon |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-0817/9/6/491 |
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