Exposure to mercury among 9-year-old Spanish children: Associated factors and trend throughout childhood
Mercury is considered a neurotoxicant and human exposure occurs mainly from the consumption of marine species. We aimed to describe total mercury concentrations (THg) and associated factors in 9-year old children, as well as to explore the trend in THg from 4 to 9 years of age. The study population...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Elsevier
2019-09-01
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| Series: | Environment International |
| Online Access: | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0160412018330071 |
| _version_ | 1818154784092323840 |
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| author | Raquel Soler-Blasco Mario Murcia Manuel Lozano Xabier Aguinagalde Gorka Iriarte Maria-Jose Lopez-Espinosa Jesús Vioque Carmen Iñiguez Ferran Ballester Sabrina Llop |
| author_facet | Raquel Soler-Blasco Mario Murcia Manuel Lozano Xabier Aguinagalde Gorka Iriarte Maria-Jose Lopez-Espinosa Jesús Vioque Carmen Iñiguez Ferran Ballester Sabrina Llop |
| author_sort | Raquel Soler-Blasco |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Mercury is considered a neurotoxicant and human exposure occurs mainly from the consumption of marine species. We aimed to describe total mercury concentrations (THg) and associated factors in 9-year old children, as well as to explore the trend in THg from 4 to 9 years of age. The study population consisted of 9-year-old children participating in the INMA (Environment and Childhood) birth cohort study in Valencia, Spain (n = 405, 2013–2014). THg in hair samples was measured by atomic absorption spectrometry at the age of 4 and 9 years. Sociodemographic and dietary data was obtained through questionnaires. Multiple linear regression was used to explore the association between THg and covariates.The geometric mean (95% confidence interval) of hair THg at 9 years old was 0.89 μg/g (0.81, 0.98). Thirteen percent of children had THg above the equivalent to the Provisional Tolerable Weekly Intake proposed by the World Health Organization. THg were higher among children whose mothers had a healthy body mass index before pregnancy. Children with non-smoker mothers and worker fathers had also higher THg. Children's fish intake at 9 years-old was positively associated with THg, being swordfish, canned tuna and lean fish (i.e. hake, sea bream and sole) the most associated categories. Levels decreased by around 22% between 4 and 9 years old.Birth cohort studies, such as the INMA Project, allow the longitudinal evaluation of Hg exposure and the possible effects on children's health. This information can be used to formulate diet recommendations in vulnerable populations. Keywords: Mercury, Child, Diet exposure, Environmental exposure, Postnatal exposure, Spain |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-11T14:32:00Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-9f4606825783431ab8c58d0123e10c23 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 0160-4120 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-11T14:32:00Z |
| publishDate | 2019-09-01 |
| publisher | Elsevier |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Environment International |
| spelling | doaj.art-9f4606825783431ab8c58d0123e10c232022-12-22T01:02:23ZengElsevierEnvironment International0160-41202019-09-01130Exposure to mercury among 9-year-old Spanish children: Associated factors and trend throughout childhoodRaquel Soler-Blasco0Mario Murcia1Manuel Lozano2Xabier Aguinagalde3Gorka Iriarte4Maria-Jose Lopez-Espinosa5Jesús Vioque6Carmen Iñiguez7Ferran Ballester8Sabrina Llop9Epidemiology and Environmental Health Joint Research Unit, FISABIO−Universitat Jaume I−Universitat de València, Valencia, SpainEpidemiology and Environmental Health Joint Research Unit, FISABIO−Universitat Jaume I−Universitat de València, Valencia, Spain; Spanish Consortium for Research on Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Madrid, SpainFoundation for the Promotion of Health and Biomedical Research in the Valencian Region, FISABIO-Public Health, SpainPublic Health Laboratory in Alava, Santiago 11, 01002 Vitoria Gasteiz, SpainPublic Health Laboratory in Alava, Santiago 11, 01002 Vitoria Gasteiz, SpainEpidemiology and Environmental Health Joint Research Unit, FISABIO−Universitat Jaume I−Universitat de València, Valencia, Spain; Spanish Consortium for Research on Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain; Department of Nursing and Chiropody, Universitat de València, Valencia, SpainSpanish Consortium for Research on Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain; Universidad Miguel Hernandez, ISABIAL-FISABIO, Sant Joan d'Alacant, SpainEpidemiology and Environmental Health Joint Research Unit, FISABIO−Universitat Jaume I−Universitat de València, Valencia, Spain; Spanish Consortium for Research on Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain; Department of Statistics and Computational Research, Universitat de València, Valencia, SpainEpidemiology and Environmental Health Joint Research Unit, FISABIO−Universitat Jaume I−Universitat de València, Valencia, Spain; Spanish Consortium for Research on Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain; Department of Nursing and Chiropody, Universitat de València, Valencia, SpainEpidemiology and Environmental Health Joint Research Unit, FISABIO−Universitat Jaume I−Universitat de València, Valencia, Spain; Spanish Consortium for Research on Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain; Corresponding author at: Foundation for the Promotion of Health and Biomedical Research in the Valencian Region, FISABIO-Public Health, Avda. Catalunya 21, 46020 Valencia, Spain.Mercury is considered a neurotoxicant and human exposure occurs mainly from the consumption of marine species. We aimed to describe total mercury concentrations (THg) and associated factors in 9-year old children, as well as to explore the trend in THg from 4 to 9 years of age. The study population consisted of 9-year-old children participating in the INMA (Environment and Childhood) birth cohort study in Valencia, Spain (n = 405, 2013–2014). THg in hair samples was measured by atomic absorption spectrometry at the age of 4 and 9 years. Sociodemographic and dietary data was obtained through questionnaires. Multiple linear regression was used to explore the association between THg and covariates.The geometric mean (95% confidence interval) of hair THg at 9 years old was 0.89 μg/g (0.81, 0.98). Thirteen percent of children had THg above the equivalent to the Provisional Tolerable Weekly Intake proposed by the World Health Organization. THg were higher among children whose mothers had a healthy body mass index before pregnancy. Children with non-smoker mothers and worker fathers had also higher THg. Children's fish intake at 9 years-old was positively associated with THg, being swordfish, canned tuna and lean fish (i.e. hake, sea bream and sole) the most associated categories. Levels decreased by around 22% between 4 and 9 years old.Birth cohort studies, such as the INMA Project, allow the longitudinal evaluation of Hg exposure and the possible effects on children's health. This information can be used to formulate diet recommendations in vulnerable populations. Keywords: Mercury, Child, Diet exposure, Environmental exposure, Postnatal exposure, Spainhttp://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0160412018330071 |
| spellingShingle | Raquel Soler-Blasco Mario Murcia Manuel Lozano Xabier Aguinagalde Gorka Iriarte Maria-Jose Lopez-Espinosa Jesús Vioque Carmen Iñiguez Ferran Ballester Sabrina Llop Exposure to mercury among 9-year-old Spanish children: Associated factors and trend throughout childhood Environment International |
| title | Exposure to mercury among 9-year-old Spanish children: Associated factors and trend throughout childhood |
| title_full | Exposure to mercury among 9-year-old Spanish children: Associated factors and trend throughout childhood |
| title_fullStr | Exposure to mercury among 9-year-old Spanish children: Associated factors and trend throughout childhood |
| title_full_unstemmed | Exposure to mercury among 9-year-old Spanish children: Associated factors and trend throughout childhood |
| title_short | Exposure to mercury among 9-year-old Spanish children: Associated factors and trend throughout childhood |
| title_sort | exposure to mercury among 9 year old spanish children associated factors and trend throughout childhood |
| url | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0160412018330071 |
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