Emission of Greenhouse Gases and Ammonia from the Excreta of Nellore Bulls Submitted to Energy and Tannin Supplementation
Animal supplementation during the background phase may increase greenhouse gas emissions (GHG). The inclusion of tannins in the diet of Nellore bulls can mitigate nitrous oxide (N<sub>2</sub>O), methane (CH<sub>4</sub>), and ammonia (NH<sub>3</sub>) production. Th...
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| Format: | Article |
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MDPI AG
2023-07-01
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| Series: | Atmosphere |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4433/14/7/1112 |
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| author | Izabela Larosa Rigobello Abmael da Silva Cardoso Natalia Vilas Boas Fonseca Fernando Ongaratto Matheus Mello Silva Angelica Santos Rabelo de Souza Bahia Isadora Alves Dornellas Ricardo Andrade Reis |
| author_facet | Izabela Larosa Rigobello Abmael da Silva Cardoso Natalia Vilas Boas Fonseca Fernando Ongaratto Matheus Mello Silva Angelica Santos Rabelo de Souza Bahia Isadora Alves Dornellas Ricardo Andrade Reis |
| author_sort | Izabela Larosa Rigobello |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Animal supplementation during the background phase may increase greenhouse gas emissions (GHG). The inclusion of tannins in the diet of Nellore bulls can mitigate nitrous oxide (N<sub>2</sub>O), methane (CH<sub>4</sub>), and ammonia (NH<sub>3</sub>) production. The objective of this study was to quantify the effect of energy supplementation associated with sources of tannins in the diet of young Nellore bulls backgrounded in pastures with N<sub>2</sub>O, CH<sub>4</sub>, and NH<sub>3</sub> emissions. Two experiments were conducted in a completely randomized design. The treatments were three supplementation strategies: (1) soybean hulls 0.3% of body weight (BW), (2) sorghum grain 0.3% of the BW, and (3) peanut peel 0.3% of BW, the last two being sources of tannin. The static closed chambers method was used to quantify N<sub>2</sub>O and CH<sub>4</sub> emissions and the semi-open chamber technique to estimate NH<sub>3</sub> volatilization. Supplementation strategies did not affect the N<sub>2</sub>O emissions (<i>p</i> = 0.9116). The soil water-filled pore space explained the variation in the N<sub>2</sub>O fluxes (<i>p</i> = 0.0071). The treatments did not change the total CH<sub>4</sub> emissions (<i>p</i> = 0.3599), and no explanatory variable was correlated with the CH<sub>4</sub> fluxes. The NH<sub>3</sub> volatilization did not vary according to the supplements or tannin inclusion (<i>p</i> = 0.5170). However, the type of excreta affected the NH<sub>3</sub> volatilization (<i>p</i> < 0.0001). Ammonia volatilization averaged 14.05, 4.16, and 2.25% of the applied N for urine, urine + dung, and dung, respectively. The energetic supplementation of Nellore bulls containing sources of tannins in the evaluated dosages was not a mitigation strategy for the emissions of N<sub>2</sub>O, CH<sub>4</sub>, and NH<sub>3</sub>. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-11T01:19:49Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-9f5e4249ec644165b3bf52b025670d17 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2073-4433 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-11T01:19:49Z |
| publishDate | 2023-07-01 |
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| series | Atmosphere |
| spelling | doaj.art-9f5e4249ec644165b3bf52b025670d172023-11-18T18:15:39ZengMDPI AGAtmosphere2073-44332023-07-01147111210.3390/atmos14071112Emission of Greenhouse Gases and Ammonia from the Excreta of Nellore Bulls Submitted to Energy and Tannin SupplementationIzabela Larosa Rigobello0Abmael da Silva Cardoso1Natalia Vilas Boas Fonseca2Fernando Ongaratto3Matheus Mello Silva4Angelica Santos Rabelo de Souza Bahia5Isadora Alves Dornellas6Ricardo Andrade Reis7Department of Animal Sciences, Sao Paulo State University, Jaboticabal 14884, SP, BrazilRange Cattle Research and Education Center, University of Florida, Wauchula, FL 33865, USADepartment of Animal Sciences, Sao Paulo State University, Jaboticabal 14884, SP, BrazilNutripura, Rondonopolis 78280, MT, BrazilDepartment of Animal Sciences, Sao Paulo State University, Jaboticabal 14884, SP, BrazilDepartment of Animal Sciences, Sao Paulo State University, Jaboticabal 14884, SP, BrazilDepartment of Animal Sciences, Sao Paulo State University, Jaboticabal 14884, SP, BrazilDepartment of Animal Sciences, Sao Paulo State University, Jaboticabal 14884, SP, BrazilAnimal supplementation during the background phase may increase greenhouse gas emissions (GHG). The inclusion of tannins in the diet of Nellore bulls can mitigate nitrous oxide (N<sub>2</sub>O), methane (CH<sub>4</sub>), and ammonia (NH<sub>3</sub>) production. The objective of this study was to quantify the effect of energy supplementation associated with sources of tannins in the diet of young Nellore bulls backgrounded in pastures with N<sub>2</sub>O, CH<sub>4</sub>, and NH<sub>3</sub> emissions. Two experiments were conducted in a completely randomized design. The treatments were three supplementation strategies: (1) soybean hulls 0.3% of body weight (BW), (2) sorghum grain 0.3% of the BW, and (3) peanut peel 0.3% of BW, the last two being sources of tannin. The static closed chambers method was used to quantify N<sub>2</sub>O and CH<sub>4</sub> emissions and the semi-open chamber technique to estimate NH<sub>3</sub> volatilization. Supplementation strategies did not affect the N<sub>2</sub>O emissions (<i>p</i> = 0.9116). The soil water-filled pore space explained the variation in the N<sub>2</sub>O fluxes (<i>p</i> = 0.0071). The treatments did not change the total CH<sub>4</sub> emissions (<i>p</i> = 0.3599), and no explanatory variable was correlated with the CH<sub>4</sub> fluxes. The NH<sub>3</sub> volatilization did not vary according to the supplements or tannin inclusion (<i>p</i> = 0.5170). However, the type of excreta affected the NH<sub>3</sub> volatilization (<i>p</i> < 0.0001). Ammonia volatilization averaged 14.05, 4.16, and 2.25% of the applied N for urine, urine + dung, and dung, respectively. The energetic supplementation of Nellore bulls containing sources of tannins in the evaluated dosages was not a mitigation strategy for the emissions of N<sub>2</sub>O, CH<sub>4</sub>, and NH<sub>3</sub>.https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4433/14/7/1112greenhouse gaseslivestocksupplementationNellore bullsmitigation |
| spellingShingle | Izabela Larosa Rigobello Abmael da Silva Cardoso Natalia Vilas Boas Fonseca Fernando Ongaratto Matheus Mello Silva Angelica Santos Rabelo de Souza Bahia Isadora Alves Dornellas Ricardo Andrade Reis Emission of Greenhouse Gases and Ammonia from the Excreta of Nellore Bulls Submitted to Energy and Tannin Supplementation Atmosphere greenhouse gases livestock supplementation Nellore bulls mitigation |
| title | Emission of Greenhouse Gases and Ammonia from the Excreta of Nellore Bulls Submitted to Energy and Tannin Supplementation |
| title_full | Emission of Greenhouse Gases and Ammonia from the Excreta of Nellore Bulls Submitted to Energy and Tannin Supplementation |
| title_fullStr | Emission of Greenhouse Gases and Ammonia from the Excreta of Nellore Bulls Submitted to Energy and Tannin Supplementation |
| title_full_unstemmed | Emission of Greenhouse Gases and Ammonia from the Excreta of Nellore Bulls Submitted to Energy and Tannin Supplementation |
| title_short | Emission of Greenhouse Gases and Ammonia from the Excreta of Nellore Bulls Submitted to Energy and Tannin Supplementation |
| title_sort | emission of greenhouse gases and ammonia from the excreta of nellore bulls submitted to energy and tannin supplementation |
| topic | greenhouse gases livestock supplementation Nellore bulls mitigation |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4433/14/7/1112 |
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