Flower and Leaf Extracts of <i>Sambucus nigra</i> L.: Application of Membrane Processes to Obtain Fractions with Antioxidant and Antityrosinase Properties
This study aimed at evaluating and comparing the chemical profile as well as the antityrosinase and antioxidant activities of ethanol (EtOH) and methanol (MeOH) extracts of <i>Sambucus nigra</i> L. (Adoxaceae) flowers and leaves in order to discover new candidates for food additives and...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2019-09-01
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| Series: | Membranes |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2077-0375/9/10/127 |
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| author | Rosa Tundis Claudia Ursino Marco Bonesi Monica R. Loizzo Vincenzo Sicari Teresa Pellicanò Ilaria L. Manfredi Alberto Figoli Alfredo Cassano |
| author_facet | Rosa Tundis Claudia Ursino Marco Bonesi Monica R. Loizzo Vincenzo Sicari Teresa Pellicanò Ilaria L. Manfredi Alberto Figoli Alfredo Cassano |
| author_sort | Rosa Tundis |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | This study aimed at evaluating and comparing the chemical profile as well as the antityrosinase and antioxidant activities of ethanol (EtOH) and methanol (MeOH) extracts of <i>Sambucus nigra</i> L. (Adoxaceae) flowers and leaves in order to discover new candidates for food additives and cosmetic and pharmaceutical products. For this purpose, a novel lower-melting-point ethylene-chlorotrifluoroethylene (LMP ECTFE) nanofiltration (NF) membrane was employed in order to produce the concentrated fractions of <i>S. nigra</i>. Floral extracts were richer in phytochemicals in comparison to the leaf extracts. The High-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) profile revealed rutin, quercetin, protocateuchic acid, 3,5-dicaffeoylquinic acid, and neochlorogenic acid as the most abundant compounds. Ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP), 2,2’-diphenil-1-picrylhydrazil (DPPH) radical scavenging, and 2,2’-azino-bis-(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS) tests were used to investigate the antioxidant properties. NF retentate fractions of floral ethanol extracts exerted the highest tyrosinase inhibitory activity with an IC<sub>50</sub> of 53.9 µg/mL and the highest ABTS radical scavenging activity (IC<sub>50</sub> of 46.4 µg/mL). In conclusion, the present investigation revealed the potential benefits of NF application in <i>S. nigra</i> extracts processing, suggesting the use of retentate fractions as a promising source for antioxidant and tyrosinase inhibitory compounds which could pave the way for future applications |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-12T07:02:25Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-9f6cdabdeb3848d3a4b23fe634e04d8c |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2077-0375 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-12T07:02:25Z |
| publishDate | 2019-09-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Membranes |
| spelling | doaj.art-9f6cdabdeb3848d3a4b23fe634e04d8c2023-09-02T23:39:45ZengMDPI AGMembranes2077-03752019-09-0191012710.3390/membranes9100127membranes9100127Flower and Leaf Extracts of <i>Sambucus nigra</i> L.: Application of Membrane Processes to Obtain Fractions with Antioxidant and Antityrosinase PropertiesRosa Tundis0Claudia Ursino1Marco Bonesi2Monica R. Loizzo3Vincenzo Sicari4Teresa Pellicanò5Ilaria L. Manfredi6Alberto Figoli7Alfredo Cassano8Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, I-87036 Rende (Cosenza), ItalyInstitute on Membrane Technology, Italian National Research Council, ITM-CNR, I-87036 Rende (Cosenza), ItalyDepartment of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, I-87036 Rende (Cosenza), ItalyDepartment of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, I-87036 Rende (Cosenza), ItalyDepartment of Agricultural Science, Mediterranean University of Reggio Calabria, I-89123 Reggio Calabria, ItalyDepartment of Agricultural Science, Mediterranean University of Reggio Calabria, I-89123 Reggio Calabria, ItalyInstitute on Membrane Technology, Italian National Research Council, ITM-CNR, I-87036 Rende (Cosenza), ItalyInstitute on Membrane Technology, Italian National Research Council, ITM-CNR, I-87036 Rende (Cosenza), ItalyInstitute on Membrane Technology, Italian National Research Council, ITM-CNR, I-87036 Rende (Cosenza), ItalyThis study aimed at evaluating and comparing the chemical profile as well as the antityrosinase and antioxidant activities of ethanol (EtOH) and methanol (MeOH) extracts of <i>Sambucus nigra</i> L. (Adoxaceae) flowers and leaves in order to discover new candidates for food additives and cosmetic and pharmaceutical products. For this purpose, a novel lower-melting-point ethylene-chlorotrifluoroethylene (LMP ECTFE) nanofiltration (NF) membrane was employed in order to produce the concentrated fractions of <i>S. nigra</i>. Floral extracts were richer in phytochemicals in comparison to the leaf extracts. The High-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) profile revealed rutin, quercetin, protocateuchic acid, 3,5-dicaffeoylquinic acid, and neochlorogenic acid as the most abundant compounds. Ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP), 2,2’-diphenil-1-picrylhydrazil (DPPH) radical scavenging, and 2,2’-azino-bis-(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS) tests were used to investigate the antioxidant properties. NF retentate fractions of floral ethanol extracts exerted the highest tyrosinase inhibitory activity with an IC<sub>50</sub> of 53.9 µg/mL and the highest ABTS radical scavenging activity (IC<sub>50</sub> of 46.4 µg/mL). In conclusion, the present investigation revealed the potential benefits of NF application in <i>S. nigra</i> extracts processing, suggesting the use of retentate fractions as a promising source for antioxidant and tyrosinase inhibitory compounds which could pave the way for future applicationshttps://www.mdpi.com/2077-0375/9/10/127<i>Sambucus nigra</i>flowersleavestyrosinase inhibitionantioxidant activityOSNECTFE |
| spellingShingle | Rosa Tundis Claudia Ursino Marco Bonesi Monica R. Loizzo Vincenzo Sicari Teresa Pellicanò Ilaria L. Manfredi Alberto Figoli Alfredo Cassano Flower and Leaf Extracts of <i>Sambucus nigra</i> L.: Application of Membrane Processes to Obtain Fractions with Antioxidant and Antityrosinase Properties Membranes <i>Sambucus nigra</i> flowers leaves tyrosinase inhibition antioxidant activity OSN ECTFE |
| title | Flower and Leaf Extracts of <i>Sambucus nigra</i> L.: Application of Membrane Processes to Obtain Fractions with Antioxidant and Antityrosinase Properties |
| title_full | Flower and Leaf Extracts of <i>Sambucus nigra</i> L.: Application of Membrane Processes to Obtain Fractions with Antioxidant and Antityrosinase Properties |
| title_fullStr | Flower and Leaf Extracts of <i>Sambucus nigra</i> L.: Application of Membrane Processes to Obtain Fractions with Antioxidant and Antityrosinase Properties |
| title_full_unstemmed | Flower and Leaf Extracts of <i>Sambucus nigra</i> L.: Application of Membrane Processes to Obtain Fractions with Antioxidant and Antityrosinase Properties |
| title_short | Flower and Leaf Extracts of <i>Sambucus nigra</i> L.: Application of Membrane Processes to Obtain Fractions with Antioxidant and Antityrosinase Properties |
| title_sort | flower and leaf extracts of i sambucus nigra i l application of membrane processes to obtain fractions with antioxidant and antityrosinase properties |
| topic | <i>Sambucus nigra</i> flowers leaves tyrosinase inhibition antioxidant activity OSN ECTFE |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2077-0375/9/10/127 |
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