Ecological Risk Evaluation and Removal of Emerging Pollutants in Urban Wastewater by a Hollow Fiber Forward Osmosis Membrane
Forward osmosis (FO) is a promising technology for the treatment of urban wastewater. FO can produce high-quality effluents and preconcentrate urban wastewater for subsequent anaerobic treatment. This membrane technology makes it possible to eliminate the pollutants present in urban wastewater, whic...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
MDPI AG
2022-03-01
|
| Series: | Membranes |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2077-0375/12/3/293 |
| _version_ | 1797445218731032576 |
|---|---|
| author | Mónica Salamanca Rebeca López-Serna Laura Palacio Antonio Hernandez Pedro Prádanos Mar Peña |
| author_facet | Mónica Salamanca Rebeca López-Serna Laura Palacio Antonio Hernandez Pedro Prádanos Mar Peña |
| author_sort | Mónica Salamanca |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Forward osmosis (FO) is a promising technology for the treatment of urban wastewater. FO can produce high-quality effluents and preconcentrate urban wastewater for subsequent anaerobic treatment. This membrane technology makes it possible to eliminate the pollutants present in urban wastewater, which can cause adverse effects in the ecosystem even at low concentrations. In this study, a 0.6 m<sup>2</sup> hollow fiber aquaporin forward osmosis membrane was used for the treatment of urban wastewater from the Valladolid wastewater treatment plant (WWTP). A total of 51 Contaminants of Emerging Concern (CECs) were investigated, of which 18 were found in the target urban wastewater. They were quantified, and their ecotoxicological risk impact was evaluated. Different salts with different concentrations were tested as draw solutions to evaluate the membrane performances when working with pretreated urban wastewater. NaCl was found to be the most appropriate salt since it leads to higher permeate fluxes and lower reverse saline fluxes. The membrane can eliminate or significantly reduce the pollutants present in the studied urban wastewater, producing water without ecotoxicological risk or essentially free of pollutants. In all cases, good recovery was achieved, which increased with molecular weight, although chemical and electrostatic interactions also played a role. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T13:22:35Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-9f9562607b4d45e19b894f8926e360dd |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2077-0375 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T13:22:35Z |
| publishDate | 2022-03-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Membranes |
| spelling | doaj.art-9f9562607b4d45e19b894f8926e360dd2023-11-30T21:28:23ZengMDPI AGMembranes2077-03752022-03-0112329310.3390/membranes12030293Ecological Risk Evaluation and Removal of Emerging Pollutants in Urban Wastewater by a Hollow Fiber Forward Osmosis MembraneMónica Salamanca0Rebeca López-Serna1Laura Palacio2Antonio Hernandez3Pedro Prádanos4Mar Peña5Institute of Sustainable Processes (ISP), University of Valladolid, Dr. Mergelina s/n, E-47011 Valladolid, SpainInstitute of Sustainable Processes (ISP), University of Valladolid, Dr. Mergelina s/n, E-47011 Valladolid, SpainInstitute of Sustainable Processes (ISP), University of Valladolid, Dr. Mergelina s/n, E-47011 Valladolid, SpainInstitute of Sustainable Processes (ISP), University of Valladolid, Dr. Mergelina s/n, E-47011 Valladolid, SpainInstitute of Sustainable Processes (ISP), University of Valladolid, Dr. Mergelina s/n, E-47011 Valladolid, SpainInstitute of Sustainable Processes (ISP), University of Valladolid, Dr. Mergelina s/n, E-47011 Valladolid, SpainForward osmosis (FO) is a promising technology for the treatment of urban wastewater. FO can produce high-quality effluents and preconcentrate urban wastewater for subsequent anaerobic treatment. This membrane technology makes it possible to eliminate the pollutants present in urban wastewater, which can cause adverse effects in the ecosystem even at low concentrations. In this study, a 0.6 m<sup>2</sup> hollow fiber aquaporin forward osmosis membrane was used for the treatment of urban wastewater from the Valladolid wastewater treatment plant (WWTP). A total of 51 Contaminants of Emerging Concern (CECs) were investigated, of which 18 were found in the target urban wastewater. They were quantified, and their ecotoxicological risk impact was evaluated. Different salts with different concentrations were tested as draw solutions to evaluate the membrane performances when working with pretreated urban wastewater. NaCl was found to be the most appropriate salt since it leads to higher permeate fluxes and lower reverse saline fluxes. The membrane can eliminate or significantly reduce the pollutants present in the studied urban wastewater, producing water without ecotoxicological risk or essentially free of pollutants. In all cases, good recovery was achieved, which increased with molecular weight, although chemical and electrostatic interactions also played a role.https://www.mdpi.com/2077-0375/12/3/293urban wastewaterforward osmosis (FO)organic matter concentrationContaminants of Emerging Concern (CECs)ecological risk quotient |
| spellingShingle | Mónica Salamanca Rebeca López-Serna Laura Palacio Antonio Hernandez Pedro Prádanos Mar Peña Ecological Risk Evaluation and Removal of Emerging Pollutants in Urban Wastewater by a Hollow Fiber Forward Osmosis Membrane Membranes urban wastewater forward osmosis (FO) organic matter concentration Contaminants of Emerging Concern (CECs) ecological risk quotient |
| title | Ecological Risk Evaluation and Removal of Emerging Pollutants in Urban Wastewater by a Hollow Fiber Forward Osmosis Membrane |
| title_full | Ecological Risk Evaluation and Removal of Emerging Pollutants in Urban Wastewater by a Hollow Fiber Forward Osmosis Membrane |
| title_fullStr | Ecological Risk Evaluation and Removal of Emerging Pollutants in Urban Wastewater by a Hollow Fiber Forward Osmosis Membrane |
| title_full_unstemmed | Ecological Risk Evaluation and Removal of Emerging Pollutants in Urban Wastewater by a Hollow Fiber Forward Osmosis Membrane |
| title_short | Ecological Risk Evaluation and Removal of Emerging Pollutants in Urban Wastewater by a Hollow Fiber Forward Osmosis Membrane |
| title_sort | ecological risk evaluation and removal of emerging pollutants in urban wastewater by a hollow fiber forward osmosis membrane |
| topic | urban wastewater forward osmosis (FO) organic matter concentration Contaminants of Emerging Concern (CECs) ecological risk quotient |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2077-0375/12/3/293 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT monicasalamanca ecologicalriskevaluationandremovalofemergingpollutantsinurbanwastewaterbyahollowfiberforwardosmosismembrane AT rebecalopezserna ecologicalriskevaluationandremovalofemergingpollutantsinurbanwastewaterbyahollowfiberforwardosmosismembrane AT laurapalacio ecologicalriskevaluationandremovalofemergingpollutantsinurbanwastewaterbyahollowfiberforwardosmosismembrane AT antoniohernandez ecologicalriskevaluationandremovalofemergingpollutantsinurbanwastewaterbyahollowfiberforwardosmosismembrane AT pedropradanos ecologicalriskevaluationandremovalofemergingpollutantsinurbanwastewaterbyahollowfiberforwardosmosismembrane AT marpena ecologicalriskevaluationandremovalofemergingpollutantsinurbanwastewaterbyahollowfiberforwardosmosismembrane |