Hydrothermal Alteration Mapping Using Landsat 8 and ASTER Data and Geochemical Characteristics of Precambrian Rocks in the Egyptian Shield: A Case Study from Abu Ghalaga, Southeastern Desert, Egypt
This study evaluates the geological attributes of rocks within the Abu Ghalaga area using spatial, geochemical, and petrographic approaches. ASTER and Landsat imagery processed using band ratio and principal component analysis were used to map hydrothermal alterations, while a regional tectonic eval...
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MDPI AG
2022-07-01
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| Series: | Remote Sensing |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/14/14/3456 |
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| author | Hatem M. El-Desoky Andongma W. Tende Ahmed M. Abdel-Rahman Antoaneta Ene Hamdy A. Awad Wael Fahmy Hamada El-Awny Hesham M. H. Zakaly |
| author_facet | Hatem M. El-Desoky Andongma W. Tende Ahmed M. Abdel-Rahman Antoaneta Ene Hamdy A. Awad Wael Fahmy Hamada El-Awny Hesham M. H. Zakaly |
| author_sort | Hatem M. El-Desoky |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | This study evaluates the geological attributes of rocks within the Abu Ghalaga area using spatial, geochemical, and petrographic approaches. ASTER and Landsat imagery processed using band ratio and principal component analysis were used to map hydrothermal alterations, while a regional tectonic evaluation was based on automated extraction of lineaments from a digital elevation model. Geochemical and petrographic analyses were then employed for discrete scale evaluation of alteration patterns of rocks across the study location. Based on satellite image processing, alteration patterns across the study area are widespread, while evidence from lineament analysis suggests a dominant NW–SE tectonic trend accompanied by a less dominant ENE–WSW direction. The different rock units exposed in the studied district are arranged chronologically from oldest to youngest as arc metavolcanic group (basalt and rhyolite), arc metagabbro–diorite, gneissose granite (granodiorite and tonalite), and dykes (aplite and felsite). Various types of igneous and metamorphic rocks have propylitic, phyllic, and argillic zones. Geochemical data indicate that the studied rocks are classified into granite, granodiorite, gabbroic diorite, and gabbro. Geochemically, the rocks have a sub-alkaline magma type. The granodiorite–tonalite is derived from the calc–alkaline magma nature, while gabbro and diorite samples exhibit tholeiitic to calc–alkaline affinity. The tectonic setting of the studied rocks trends toward volcanic arc granite (VAG). Based on petrographic, geochemical, and remote analyses, sericitization, chloritization, epidotization, kaolinitization, carbonatization, and silicification are the main alteration types present in the study area. As a result of lineaments analysis, the existing fractures and structural planes form valid flow paths for mineral-bearing hydrothermal solutions. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T05:58:29Z |
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| id | doaj.art-9fa0f870687f4c3193f2c85f0328c5a2 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2072-4292 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T05:58:29Z |
| publishDate | 2022-07-01 |
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| record_format | Article |
| series | Remote Sensing |
| spelling | doaj.art-9fa0f870687f4c3193f2c85f0328c5a22023-12-03T12:11:29ZengMDPI AGRemote Sensing2072-42922022-07-011414345610.3390/rs14143456Hydrothermal Alteration Mapping Using Landsat 8 and ASTER Data and Geochemical Characteristics of Precambrian Rocks in the Egyptian Shield: A Case Study from Abu Ghalaga, Southeastern Desert, EgyptHatem M. El-Desoky0Andongma W. Tende1Ahmed M. Abdel-Rahman2Antoaneta Ene3Hamdy A. Awad4Wael Fahmy5Hamada El-Awny6Hesham M. H. Zakaly7Geology Department, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, Cairo P.O. Box 11884, EgyptDepartment of Geology, Kano University of Science and Technology, Wudil 713101, NigeriaGeology Department, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, Cairo P.O. Box 11884, EgyptINPOLDE Research Center, Faculty of Sciences and Environment, Department of Chemistry, Physics and Environment, Dunarea de Jos University of Galati, 47 Domneasca Street, 800008 Galati, RomaniaGeology Department, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, Assiut Branch, Assiut 71524, EgyptGeology Department, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, Cairo P.O. Box 11884, EgyptGeology Department, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, Cairo P.O. Box 11884, EgyptInstitute of Physics and Technology, Ural Federal University, 620002 Yekaterinburg, RussiaThis study evaluates the geological attributes of rocks within the Abu Ghalaga area using spatial, geochemical, and petrographic approaches. ASTER and Landsat imagery processed using band ratio and principal component analysis were used to map hydrothermal alterations, while a regional tectonic evaluation was based on automated extraction of lineaments from a digital elevation model. Geochemical and petrographic analyses were then employed for discrete scale evaluation of alteration patterns of rocks across the study location. Based on satellite image processing, alteration patterns across the study area are widespread, while evidence from lineament analysis suggests a dominant NW–SE tectonic trend accompanied by a less dominant ENE–WSW direction. The different rock units exposed in the studied district are arranged chronologically from oldest to youngest as arc metavolcanic group (basalt and rhyolite), arc metagabbro–diorite, gneissose granite (granodiorite and tonalite), and dykes (aplite and felsite). Various types of igneous and metamorphic rocks have propylitic, phyllic, and argillic zones. Geochemical data indicate that the studied rocks are classified into granite, granodiorite, gabbroic diorite, and gabbro. Geochemically, the rocks have a sub-alkaline magma type. The granodiorite–tonalite is derived from the calc–alkaline magma nature, while gabbro and diorite samples exhibit tholeiitic to calc–alkaline affinity. The tectonic setting of the studied rocks trends toward volcanic arc granite (VAG). Based on petrographic, geochemical, and remote analyses, sericitization, chloritization, epidotization, kaolinitization, carbonatization, and silicification are the main alteration types present in the study area. As a result of lineaments analysis, the existing fractures and structural planes form valid flow paths for mineral-bearing hydrothermal solutions.https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/14/14/3456Landsat 8ASTERhydrothermal alterationWadi Abu GhalagaSoutheastern Desert |
| spellingShingle | Hatem M. El-Desoky Andongma W. Tende Ahmed M. Abdel-Rahman Antoaneta Ene Hamdy A. Awad Wael Fahmy Hamada El-Awny Hesham M. H. Zakaly Hydrothermal Alteration Mapping Using Landsat 8 and ASTER Data and Geochemical Characteristics of Precambrian Rocks in the Egyptian Shield: A Case Study from Abu Ghalaga, Southeastern Desert, Egypt Remote Sensing Landsat 8 ASTER hydrothermal alteration Wadi Abu Ghalaga Southeastern Desert |
| title | Hydrothermal Alteration Mapping Using Landsat 8 and ASTER Data and Geochemical Characteristics of Precambrian Rocks in the Egyptian Shield: A Case Study from Abu Ghalaga, Southeastern Desert, Egypt |
| title_full | Hydrothermal Alteration Mapping Using Landsat 8 and ASTER Data and Geochemical Characteristics of Precambrian Rocks in the Egyptian Shield: A Case Study from Abu Ghalaga, Southeastern Desert, Egypt |
| title_fullStr | Hydrothermal Alteration Mapping Using Landsat 8 and ASTER Data and Geochemical Characteristics of Precambrian Rocks in the Egyptian Shield: A Case Study from Abu Ghalaga, Southeastern Desert, Egypt |
| title_full_unstemmed | Hydrothermal Alteration Mapping Using Landsat 8 and ASTER Data and Geochemical Characteristics of Precambrian Rocks in the Egyptian Shield: A Case Study from Abu Ghalaga, Southeastern Desert, Egypt |
| title_short | Hydrothermal Alteration Mapping Using Landsat 8 and ASTER Data and Geochemical Characteristics of Precambrian Rocks in the Egyptian Shield: A Case Study from Abu Ghalaga, Southeastern Desert, Egypt |
| title_sort | hydrothermal alteration mapping using landsat 8 and aster data and geochemical characteristics of precambrian rocks in the egyptian shield a case study from abu ghalaga southeastern desert egypt |
| topic | Landsat 8 ASTER hydrothermal alteration Wadi Abu Ghalaga Southeastern Desert |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/14/14/3456 |
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