Fusion Genes and RNAs in Cancer Development
Fusion RNAs are a hallmark of some cancers. They result either from chromosomal rearrangements or from splicing mechanisms that are non-chromosomal rearrangements. Chromosomal rearrangements that result in gene fusions are particularly prevalent in sarcomas and hematopoietic malignancies; they are a...
| Main Authors: | , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
MDPI AG
2021-02-01
|
| Series: | Non-Coding RNA |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2311-553X/7/1/10 |
| _version_ | 1797415197316481024 |
|---|---|
| author | Kenzui Taniue Nobuyoshi Akimitsu |
| author_facet | Kenzui Taniue Nobuyoshi Akimitsu |
| author_sort | Kenzui Taniue |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Fusion RNAs are a hallmark of some cancers. They result either from chromosomal rearrangements or from splicing mechanisms that are non-chromosomal rearrangements. Chromosomal rearrangements that result in gene fusions are particularly prevalent in sarcomas and hematopoietic malignancies; they are also common in solid tumors. The splicing process can also give rise to more complex RNA patterns in cells. Gene fusions frequently affect tyrosine kinases, chromatin regulators, or transcription factors, and can cause constitutive activation, enhancement of downstream signaling, and tumor development, as major drivers of oncogenesis. In addition, some fusion RNAs have been shown to function as noncoding RNAs and to affect cancer progression. Fusion genes and RNAs will therefore become increasingly important as diagnostic and therapeutic targets for cancer development. Here, we discuss the function, biogenesis, detection, clinical relevance, and therapeutic implications of oncogenic fusion genes and RNAs in cancer development. Further understanding the molecular mechanisms that regulate how fusion RNAs form in cancers is critical to the development of therapeutic strategies against tumorigenesis. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T05:45:16Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-9fa95a9b37f144b18c30065ea2ccd773 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2311-553X |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T05:45:16Z |
| publishDate | 2021-02-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Non-Coding RNA |
| spelling | doaj.art-9fa95a9b37f144b18c30065ea2ccd7732023-12-03T12:22:04ZengMDPI AGNon-Coding RNA2311-553X2021-02-01711010.3390/ncrna7010010Fusion Genes and RNAs in Cancer DevelopmentKenzui Taniue0Nobuyoshi Akimitsu1Isotope Science Center, The University of Tokyo, 2-11-16, Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0032, JapanIsotope Science Center, The University of Tokyo, 2-11-16, Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0032, JapanFusion RNAs are a hallmark of some cancers. They result either from chromosomal rearrangements or from splicing mechanisms that are non-chromosomal rearrangements. Chromosomal rearrangements that result in gene fusions are particularly prevalent in sarcomas and hematopoietic malignancies; they are also common in solid tumors. The splicing process can also give rise to more complex RNA patterns in cells. Gene fusions frequently affect tyrosine kinases, chromatin regulators, or transcription factors, and can cause constitutive activation, enhancement of downstream signaling, and tumor development, as major drivers of oncogenesis. In addition, some fusion RNAs have been shown to function as noncoding RNAs and to affect cancer progression. Fusion genes and RNAs will therefore become increasingly important as diagnostic and therapeutic targets for cancer development. Here, we discuss the function, biogenesis, detection, clinical relevance, and therapeutic implications of oncogenic fusion genes and RNAs in cancer development. Further understanding the molecular mechanisms that regulate how fusion RNAs form in cancers is critical to the development of therapeutic strategies against tumorigenesis.https://www.mdpi.com/2311-553X/7/1/10fusion RNAsgene fusionschromosomal rearrangementstrans-splicingcis-splicingFISH |
| spellingShingle | Kenzui Taniue Nobuyoshi Akimitsu Fusion Genes and RNAs in Cancer Development Non-Coding RNA fusion RNAs gene fusions chromosomal rearrangements trans-splicing cis-splicing FISH |
| title | Fusion Genes and RNAs in Cancer Development |
| title_full | Fusion Genes and RNAs in Cancer Development |
| title_fullStr | Fusion Genes and RNAs in Cancer Development |
| title_full_unstemmed | Fusion Genes and RNAs in Cancer Development |
| title_short | Fusion Genes and RNAs in Cancer Development |
| title_sort | fusion genes and rnas in cancer development |
| topic | fusion RNAs gene fusions chromosomal rearrangements trans-splicing cis-splicing FISH |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2311-553X/7/1/10 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT kenzuitaniue fusiongenesandrnasincancerdevelopment AT nobuyoshiakimitsu fusiongenesandrnasincancerdevelopment |