Modification of Poly(vinylidene fluoride-co-hexafluoropropylene) Membranes with DES-Functionalized Carbon Nanospheres for Removal of Methyl Orange by Membrane Distillation
Chemical pollutants, such as methyl orange (MO), constitute the main ingredients in the textile industry wastewater, and specifically, the dyeing process. The use of such chemicals leads to huge quantities of unfixed dyes to make their way to the water effluent and consequently escalates the water p...
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| Format: | Article |
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MDPI AG
2022-04-01
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| Series: | Water |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4441/14/9/1396 |
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| author | Mustafa Mohammed Aljumaily Nisreen S. Ali Alyaa Esam Mahdi Haiyam M. Alayan Mohamed AlOmar Mohammed Majeed Hameed Bashar Ismael Qusay F. Alsalhy Mohammed A. Alsaadi Hasan Sh. Majdi Zainab Bahaa Mohammed |
| author_facet | Mustafa Mohammed Aljumaily Nisreen S. Ali Alyaa Esam Mahdi Haiyam M. Alayan Mohamed AlOmar Mohammed Majeed Hameed Bashar Ismael Qusay F. Alsalhy Mohammed A. Alsaadi Hasan Sh. Majdi Zainab Bahaa Mohammed |
| author_sort | Mustafa Mohammed Aljumaily |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Chemical pollutants, such as methyl orange (MO), constitute the main ingredients in the textile industry wastewater, and specifically, the dyeing process. The use of such chemicals leads to huge quantities of unfixed dyes to make their way to the water effluent and consequently escalates the water pollution problem. This work investigates the incorporation of hydrophobic carbon nanospheres (CNS) prepared from the pyrolysis of acetylene using the chemical vapor deposition technique with poly(vinylidene fluoride-co-hexafluoropropylene) (PVDF-HFP) in order to enhance its hydrophobicity. Moreover, a deep eutectic solvent (DES) was used to enhance the membrane’s porosity. The former was based on the quaternary ammonium salt (N,N-diethyl-ethanol-ammonium chloride) as a chemical addition throughout the membrane synthesis. Direct contact membrane distillation (DCMD) was employed to assess the performance of the modified membrane for treatment of MO contaminated water. The phase inversion method was used to embed various contents of CNS (i.e., 1.0, 3.0, and 5.0 wt.%) with 22:78 wt.% of PVDF-co-HFP/N-Methyl-2-pyrrolidone solution to prepare flat-sheet membranes. The membrane embedded with 5 wt.% CNS resulted in an increase in membrane hydrophobicity and presented considerable enhancement in DCMD permeation from 12 to 35 L/h.m<sup>2</sup> with salt rejection >99.9%. Moreover, the composite membrane showed excellent anti-biofouling and mechanical characteristics as compared to the pristine counterpart. Using this membrane, a complete rejection of MO was achieved due to the synergistic contribution of the dye negative charge and the size exclusion effect. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T03:33:26Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-9fb29062f03247d6bf2a34179f4ae619 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2073-4441 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T03:33:26Z |
| publishDate | 2022-04-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Water |
| spelling | doaj.art-9fb29062f03247d6bf2a34179f4ae6192023-11-23T09:35:08ZengMDPI AGWater2073-44412022-04-01149139610.3390/w14091396Modification of Poly(vinylidene fluoride-co-hexafluoropropylene) Membranes with DES-Functionalized Carbon Nanospheres for Removal of Methyl Orange by Membrane DistillationMustafa Mohammed Aljumaily0Nisreen S. Ali1Alyaa Esam Mahdi2Haiyam M. Alayan3Mohamed AlOmar4Mohammed Majeed Hameed5Bashar Ismael6Qusay F. Alsalhy7Mohammed A. Alsaadi8Hasan Sh. Majdi9Zainab Bahaa Mohammed10Department of Civil Engineering, Al-Maaref University College, Ramadi 31001, IraqMaterials Engineering Department, College of Engineering, Al-Mustansiriya University, Baghdad 14022, IraqMembrane Technology Research Unit, Chemical Engineering Department, University of Technology-Iraq, Alsena’a Street 52, Baghdad 10066, IraqMembrane Technology Research Unit, Chemical Engineering Department, University of Technology-Iraq, Alsena’a Street 52, Baghdad 10066, IraqDepartment of Civil Engineering, Al-Maaref University College, Ramadi 31001, IraqDepartment of Civil Engineering, Al-Maaref University College, Ramadi 31001, IraqDepartment of Civil Engineering, Al-Maaref University College, Ramadi 31001, IraqMembrane Technology Research Unit, Chemical Engineering Department, University of Technology-Iraq, Alsena’a Street 52, Baghdad 10066, IraqNational Chair of Materials Science and Metallurgy, University of Nizwa, Nizwa 611, OmanDepartment of Chemical Engineering and Petroleum Industries, Al-Mustaqbal University College, Babylon 51001, IraqDepartment of Civil Engineering, University of Technology-Iraq, Alsinaa Street 52, Baghdad 10066, IraqChemical pollutants, such as methyl orange (MO), constitute the main ingredients in the textile industry wastewater, and specifically, the dyeing process. The use of such chemicals leads to huge quantities of unfixed dyes to make their way to the water effluent and consequently escalates the water pollution problem. This work investigates the incorporation of hydrophobic carbon nanospheres (CNS) prepared from the pyrolysis of acetylene using the chemical vapor deposition technique with poly(vinylidene fluoride-co-hexafluoropropylene) (PVDF-HFP) in order to enhance its hydrophobicity. Moreover, a deep eutectic solvent (DES) was used to enhance the membrane’s porosity. The former was based on the quaternary ammonium salt (N,N-diethyl-ethanol-ammonium chloride) as a chemical addition throughout the membrane synthesis. Direct contact membrane distillation (DCMD) was employed to assess the performance of the modified membrane for treatment of MO contaminated water. The phase inversion method was used to embed various contents of CNS (i.e., 1.0, 3.0, and 5.0 wt.%) with 22:78 wt.% of PVDF-co-HFP/N-Methyl-2-pyrrolidone solution to prepare flat-sheet membranes. The membrane embedded with 5 wt.% CNS resulted in an increase in membrane hydrophobicity and presented considerable enhancement in DCMD permeation from 12 to 35 L/h.m<sup>2</sup> with salt rejection >99.9%. Moreover, the composite membrane showed excellent anti-biofouling and mechanical characteristics as compared to the pristine counterpart. Using this membrane, a complete rejection of MO was achieved due to the synergistic contribution of the dye negative charge and the size exclusion effect.https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4441/14/9/1396PVDF-HFPmembrane distillationdeep eutectic solventmethyl orangewastewater treatmentanti-biofouling |
| spellingShingle | Mustafa Mohammed Aljumaily Nisreen S. Ali Alyaa Esam Mahdi Haiyam M. Alayan Mohamed AlOmar Mohammed Majeed Hameed Bashar Ismael Qusay F. Alsalhy Mohammed A. Alsaadi Hasan Sh. Majdi Zainab Bahaa Mohammed Modification of Poly(vinylidene fluoride-co-hexafluoropropylene) Membranes with DES-Functionalized Carbon Nanospheres for Removal of Methyl Orange by Membrane Distillation Water PVDF-HFP membrane distillation deep eutectic solvent methyl orange wastewater treatment anti-biofouling |
| title | Modification of Poly(vinylidene fluoride-co-hexafluoropropylene) Membranes with DES-Functionalized Carbon Nanospheres for Removal of Methyl Orange by Membrane Distillation |
| title_full | Modification of Poly(vinylidene fluoride-co-hexafluoropropylene) Membranes with DES-Functionalized Carbon Nanospheres for Removal of Methyl Orange by Membrane Distillation |
| title_fullStr | Modification of Poly(vinylidene fluoride-co-hexafluoropropylene) Membranes with DES-Functionalized Carbon Nanospheres for Removal of Methyl Orange by Membrane Distillation |
| title_full_unstemmed | Modification of Poly(vinylidene fluoride-co-hexafluoropropylene) Membranes with DES-Functionalized Carbon Nanospheres for Removal of Methyl Orange by Membrane Distillation |
| title_short | Modification of Poly(vinylidene fluoride-co-hexafluoropropylene) Membranes with DES-Functionalized Carbon Nanospheres for Removal of Methyl Orange by Membrane Distillation |
| title_sort | modification of poly vinylidene fluoride co hexafluoropropylene membranes with des functionalized carbon nanospheres for removal of methyl orange by membrane distillation |
| topic | PVDF-HFP membrane distillation deep eutectic solvent methyl orange wastewater treatment anti-biofouling |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4441/14/9/1396 |
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