Access to personal protective equipment in healthcare workers during the COVID-19 pandemic in the United Kingdom: results from a nationwide cohort study (UK-REACH)
Abstract Background Healthcare workers (HCWs) are at high risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection. Effective use of personal protective equipment (PPE) reduces this risk. We sought to determine the prevalence and predictors of self-reported access to appropriate PPE (aPPE) for HCWs in the UK during the COVID-1...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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BMC
2022-07-01
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| Series: | BMC Health Services Research |
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| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1186/s12913-022-08202-z |
| _version_ | 1818518922955063296 |
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| author | Christopher A. Martin Daniel Pan Joshua Nazareth Avinash Aujayeb Luke Bryant Sue Carr Laura J. Gray Bindu Gregary Amit Gupta Anna L. Guyatt Alan Gopal Thomas Hine Catherine John I Chris McManus Carl Melbourne Laura B. Nellums Rubina Reza Sandra Simpson Martin D. Tobin Katherine Woolf Stephen Zingwe Kamlesh Khunti Manish Pareek On behalf of the UK-REACH Study Collaborative Group |
| author_facet | Christopher A. Martin Daniel Pan Joshua Nazareth Avinash Aujayeb Luke Bryant Sue Carr Laura J. Gray Bindu Gregary Amit Gupta Anna L. Guyatt Alan Gopal Thomas Hine Catherine John I Chris McManus Carl Melbourne Laura B. Nellums Rubina Reza Sandra Simpson Martin D. Tobin Katherine Woolf Stephen Zingwe Kamlesh Khunti Manish Pareek On behalf of the UK-REACH Study Collaborative Group |
| author_sort | Christopher A. Martin |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Background Healthcare workers (HCWs) are at high risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection. Effective use of personal protective equipment (PPE) reduces this risk. We sought to determine the prevalence and predictors of self-reported access to appropriate PPE (aPPE) for HCWs in the UK during the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods We conducted cross sectional analyses using data from a nationwide questionnaire-based cohort study administered between December 2020-February 2021. The outcome was a binary measure of self-reported aPPE (access all of the time vs access most of the time or less frequently) at two timepoints: the first national lockdown in the UK in March 2020 (primary analysis) and at the time of questionnaire response (secondary analysis). Results Ten thousand five hundred eight HCWs were included in the primary analysis, and 12,252 in the secondary analysis. 35.2% of HCWs reported aPPE at all times in the primary analysis; 83.9% reported aPPE at all times in the secondary analysis. In the primary analysis, after adjustment (for age, sex, ethnicity, migration status, occupation, aerosol generating procedure exposure, work sector and region, working hours, night shift frequency and trust in employing organisation), older HCWs and those working in Intensive Care Units were more likely to report aPPE at all times. Asian HCWs (aOR:0.77, 95%CI 0.67–0.89 [vs White]), those in allied health professional and dental roles (vs those in medical roles), and those who saw a higher number of COVID-19 patients compared to those who saw none (≥ 21 patients/week 0.74, 0.61–0.90) were less likely to report aPPE at all times. Those who trusted their employing organisation to deal with concerns about unsafe clinical practice, compared to those who did not, were twice as likely to report aPPE at all times. Significant predictors were largely unchanged in the secondary analysis. Conclusions Only a third of HCWs in the UK reported aPPE at all times during the first lockdown and that aPPE had improved later in the pandemic. We also identified key determinants of aPPE during the first UK lockdown, which have mostly persisted since lockdown was eased. These findings have important implications for the safe delivery of healthcare during the pandemic. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-11T01:16:55Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-9fd385c53252446fb2d645885fd6bf17 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1472-6963 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-11T01:16:55Z |
| publishDate | 2022-07-01 |
| publisher | BMC |
| record_format | Article |
| series | BMC Health Services Research |
| spelling | doaj.art-9fd385c53252446fb2d645885fd6bf172022-12-22T01:25:51ZengBMCBMC Health Services Research1472-69632022-07-0122111310.1186/s12913-022-08202-zAccess to personal protective equipment in healthcare workers during the COVID-19 pandemic in the United Kingdom: results from a nationwide cohort study (UK-REACH)Christopher A. Martin0Daniel Pan1Joshua Nazareth2Avinash Aujayeb3Luke Bryant4Sue Carr5Laura J. Gray6Bindu Gregary7Amit Gupta8Anna L. Guyatt9Alan Gopal10Thomas Hine11Catherine John12I Chris McManus13Carl Melbourne14Laura B. Nellums15Rubina Reza16Sandra Simpson17Martin D. Tobin18Katherine Woolf19Stephen Zingwe20Kamlesh Khunti21Manish Pareek22On behalf of the UK-REACH Study Collaborative GroupDepartment of Respiratory Sciences, University of LeicesterDepartment of Respiratory Sciences, University of LeicesterDepartment of Respiratory Sciences, University of LeicesterRespiratory Department, Northumbria Specialist Emergency Care HospitalDepartment of Respiratory Sciences, University of LeicesterUniversity Hospitals Leicester NHS Trust, Leicester Royal InfirmaryDepartment of Health Sciences, University of LeicesterLancashire Clinical Research Facility, Royal Preston HospitalOxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation TrustDepartment of Health Sciences, University of LeicesterHull University Teaching Hospitals NHS TrustOxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation TrustDepartment of Health Sciences, University of LeicesterUniversity College London Medical SchoolDepartment of Health Sciences, University of LeicesterPopulation and Lifespan Sciences, School of Medicine, University of NottinghamCentre for Research & Development, Derbyshire Healthcare NHS Foundation TrustNottinghamshire Healthcare NHS Foundation TrustDepartment of Health Sciences, University of LeicesterUniversity College London Medical SchoolResearch and Development Department, Berkshire Healthcare NHS Foundation TrustDiabetes Research Centre, University of LeicesterDepartment of Respiratory Sciences, University of LeicesterAbstract Background Healthcare workers (HCWs) are at high risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection. Effective use of personal protective equipment (PPE) reduces this risk. We sought to determine the prevalence and predictors of self-reported access to appropriate PPE (aPPE) for HCWs in the UK during the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods We conducted cross sectional analyses using data from a nationwide questionnaire-based cohort study administered between December 2020-February 2021. The outcome was a binary measure of self-reported aPPE (access all of the time vs access most of the time or less frequently) at two timepoints: the first national lockdown in the UK in March 2020 (primary analysis) and at the time of questionnaire response (secondary analysis). Results Ten thousand five hundred eight HCWs were included in the primary analysis, and 12,252 in the secondary analysis. 35.2% of HCWs reported aPPE at all times in the primary analysis; 83.9% reported aPPE at all times in the secondary analysis. In the primary analysis, after adjustment (for age, sex, ethnicity, migration status, occupation, aerosol generating procedure exposure, work sector and region, working hours, night shift frequency and trust in employing organisation), older HCWs and those working in Intensive Care Units were more likely to report aPPE at all times. Asian HCWs (aOR:0.77, 95%CI 0.67–0.89 [vs White]), those in allied health professional and dental roles (vs those in medical roles), and those who saw a higher number of COVID-19 patients compared to those who saw none (≥ 21 patients/week 0.74, 0.61–0.90) were less likely to report aPPE at all times. Those who trusted their employing organisation to deal with concerns about unsafe clinical practice, compared to those who did not, were twice as likely to report aPPE at all times. Significant predictors were largely unchanged in the secondary analysis. Conclusions Only a third of HCWs in the UK reported aPPE at all times during the first lockdown and that aPPE had improved later in the pandemic. We also identified key determinants of aPPE during the first UK lockdown, which have mostly persisted since lockdown was eased. These findings have important implications for the safe delivery of healthcare during the pandemic.https://doi.org/10.1186/s12913-022-08202-zHealthcare workerPersonal protective equipmentPPECOVID-19Ethnicity |
| spellingShingle | Christopher A. Martin Daniel Pan Joshua Nazareth Avinash Aujayeb Luke Bryant Sue Carr Laura J. Gray Bindu Gregary Amit Gupta Anna L. Guyatt Alan Gopal Thomas Hine Catherine John I Chris McManus Carl Melbourne Laura B. Nellums Rubina Reza Sandra Simpson Martin D. Tobin Katherine Woolf Stephen Zingwe Kamlesh Khunti Manish Pareek On behalf of the UK-REACH Study Collaborative Group Access to personal protective equipment in healthcare workers during the COVID-19 pandemic in the United Kingdom: results from a nationwide cohort study (UK-REACH) BMC Health Services Research Healthcare worker Personal protective equipment PPE COVID-19 Ethnicity |
| title | Access to personal protective equipment in healthcare workers during the COVID-19 pandemic in the United Kingdom: results from a nationwide cohort study (UK-REACH) |
| title_full | Access to personal protective equipment in healthcare workers during the COVID-19 pandemic in the United Kingdom: results from a nationwide cohort study (UK-REACH) |
| title_fullStr | Access to personal protective equipment in healthcare workers during the COVID-19 pandemic in the United Kingdom: results from a nationwide cohort study (UK-REACH) |
| title_full_unstemmed | Access to personal protective equipment in healthcare workers during the COVID-19 pandemic in the United Kingdom: results from a nationwide cohort study (UK-REACH) |
| title_short | Access to personal protective equipment in healthcare workers during the COVID-19 pandemic in the United Kingdom: results from a nationwide cohort study (UK-REACH) |
| title_sort | access to personal protective equipment in healthcare workers during the covid 19 pandemic in the united kingdom results from a nationwide cohort study uk reach |
| topic | Healthcare worker Personal protective equipment PPE COVID-19 Ethnicity |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1186/s12913-022-08202-z |
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