COVID-19: Diabetes Perspective—Pathophysiology and Management
Recent evidence relating to the impact of COVID-19 on people with diabetes is limited but continues to emerge. COVID-19 pneumonia is a newly identified illness spreading rapidly throughout the world and causes many disabilities and fatal deaths. Over the ensuing 2 years, the indirect effects of the...
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MDPI AG
2023-01-01
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| Series: | Pathogens |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-0817/12/2/184 |
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| author | Siva Dallavalasa SubbaRao V. Tulimilli Janhavi Prakash Ramya Ramachandra SubbaRao V. Madhunapantula Ravindra P. Veeranna |
| author_facet | Siva Dallavalasa SubbaRao V. Tulimilli Janhavi Prakash Ramya Ramachandra SubbaRao V. Madhunapantula Ravindra P. Veeranna |
| author_sort | Siva Dallavalasa |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Recent evidence relating to the impact of COVID-19 on people with diabetes is limited but continues to emerge. COVID-19 pneumonia is a newly identified illness spreading rapidly throughout the world and causes many disabilities and fatal deaths. Over the ensuing 2 years, the indirect effects of the pandemic on healthcare delivery have become prominent, along with the lingering effects of the virus on those directly infected. Diabetes is a commonly identified risk factor that contributes not only to the severity and mortality of COVID-19 patients, but also to the associated complications, including acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) and multi-organ failure. Diabetic patients are highly affected due to increased viral entry into the cells and decreased immunity. Several hypotheses to explain the increased incidence and severity of COVID-19 infection in people with diabetes have been proposed and explained in detail recently. On the other hand, 20–50% of COVID-19 patients reported new-onset hyperglycemia without diabetes and new-onset diabetes, suggesting the two-way interactions between COVID-19 and diabetes. A systematic review is required to confirm diabetes as a complication in those patients diagnosed with COVID-19. Diabetes and diabetes-related complications in COVID-19 patients are primarily due to the acute illness caused during the SARS-CoV-2 infection followed by the release of glucocorticoids, catecholamines, and pro-inflammatory cytokines, which have been shown to drive hyperglycemia positively. This review provides brief insights into the potential mechanisms linking COVID-19 and diabetes, and presents clinical management recommendations for better handling of the disease. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-11T08:19:07Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-9fd3ba452189453d938c878632d25560 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2076-0817 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-11T08:19:07Z |
| publishDate | 2023-01-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Pathogens |
| spelling | doaj.art-9fd3ba452189453d938c878632d255602023-11-16T22:33:11ZengMDPI AGPathogens2076-08172023-01-0112218410.3390/pathogens12020184COVID-19: Diabetes Perspective—Pathophysiology and ManagementSiva Dallavalasa0SubbaRao V. Tulimilli1Janhavi Prakash2Ramya Ramachandra3SubbaRao V. Madhunapantula4Ravindra P. Veeranna5Center of Excellence in Molecular Biology and Regenerative Medicine (CEMR) Laboratory (DST-FIST Supported Centre), Department of Biochemistry (DST-FIST Supported Department), JSS Medical College, JSS Academy of Higher Education and Research (JSS AHER), Mysuru 570015, IndiaCenter of Excellence in Molecular Biology and Regenerative Medicine (CEMR) Laboratory (DST-FIST Supported Centre), Department of Biochemistry (DST-FIST Supported Department), JSS Medical College, JSS Academy of Higher Education and Research (JSS AHER), Mysuru 570015, IndiaDepartment of Biochemistry, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR)-Central Food Technological Research Institute (CFTRI), Mysuru 570020, IndiaDepartment of Biochemistry, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR)-Central Food Technological Research Institute (CFTRI), Mysuru 570020, IndiaCenter of Excellence in Molecular Biology and Regenerative Medicine (CEMR) Laboratory (DST-FIST Supported Centre), Department of Biochemistry (DST-FIST Supported Department), JSS Medical College, JSS Academy of Higher Education and Research (JSS AHER), Mysuru 570015, IndiaDepartment of Biochemistry, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR)-Central Food Technological Research Institute (CFTRI), Mysuru 570020, IndiaRecent evidence relating to the impact of COVID-19 on people with diabetes is limited but continues to emerge. COVID-19 pneumonia is a newly identified illness spreading rapidly throughout the world and causes many disabilities and fatal deaths. Over the ensuing 2 years, the indirect effects of the pandemic on healthcare delivery have become prominent, along with the lingering effects of the virus on those directly infected. Diabetes is a commonly identified risk factor that contributes not only to the severity and mortality of COVID-19 patients, but also to the associated complications, including acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) and multi-organ failure. Diabetic patients are highly affected due to increased viral entry into the cells and decreased immunity. Several hypotheses to explain the increased incidence and severity of COVID-19 infection in people with diabetes have been proposed and explained in detail recently. On the other hand, 20–50% of COVID-19 patients reported new-onset hyperglycemia without diabetes and new-onset diabetes, suggesting the two-way interactions between COVID-19 and diabetes. A systematic review is required to confirm diabetes as a complication in those patients diagnosed with COVID-19. Diabetes and diabetes-related complications in COVID-19 patients are primarily due to the acute illness caused during the SARS-CoV-2 infection followed by the release of glucocorticoids, catecholamines, and pro-inflammatory cytokines, which have been shown to drive hyperglycemia positively. This review provides brief insights into the potential mechanisms linking COVID-19 and diabetes, and presents clinical management recommendations for better handling of the disease.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-0817/12/2/184COVID-19SARS-CoV-2diabetesglucocorticoidscytokinesARDS |
| spellingShingle | Siva Dallavalasa SubbaRao V. Tulimilli Janhavi Prakash Ramya Ramachandra SubbaRao V. Madhunapantula Ravindra P. Veeranna COVID-19: Diabetes Perspective—Pathophysiology and Management Pathogens COVID-19 SARS-CoV-2 diabetes glucocorticoids cytokines ARDS |
| title | COVID-19: Diabetes Perspective—Pathophysiology and Management |
| title_full | COVID-19: Diabetes Perspective—Pathophysiology and Management |
| title_fullStr | COVID-19: Diabetes Perspective—Pathophysiology and Management |
| title_full_unstemmed | COVID-19: Diabetes Perspective—Pathophysiology and Management |
| title_short | COVID-19: Diabetes Perspective—Pathophysiology and Management |
| title_sort | covid 19 diabetes perspective pathophysiology and management |
| topic | COVID-19 SARS-CoV-2 diabetes glucocorticoids cytokines ARDS |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-0817/12/2/184 |
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