LC-ESI-MS/MS Analysis of Sulfolipids and Galactolipids in Green and Red Lettuce (<i>Lactuca sativa</i> L.) as Influenced by Sulfur Nutrition
Sulfur (S) deprivation leads to abiotic stress in plants. This can have a significant impact on membrane lipids, illustrated by a change in either the lipid class and/or the fatty acid distribution. Three different levels of S (deprivation, adequate, and excess) in the form of potassium sulfate were...
| Main Authors: | , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
MDPI AG
2023-02-01
|
| Series: | International Journal of Molecular Sciences |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/24/4/3728 |
| _version_ | 1797620485286002688 |
|---|---|
| author | Tania T. Körber Tobias Sitz Muna A. Abdalla Karl H. Mühling Sascha Rohn |
| author_facet | Tania T. Körber Tobias Sitz Muna A. Abdalla Karl H. Mühling Sascha Rohn |
| author_sort | Tania T. Körber |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Sulfur (S) deprivation leads to abiotic stress in plants. This can have a significant impact on membrane lipids, illustrated by a change in either the lipid class and/or the fatty acid distribution. Three different levels of S (deprivation, adequate, and excess) in the form of potassium sulfate were used to identify individual thylakoid membrane lipids, which might act as markers in S nutrition (especially under stress conditions). The thylakoid membrane consists of the three glycolipid classes: monogalactosyl- (MGDG), digalactosyl- (DGDG), and sulfoquinovosyl diacylglycerols (SQDG). All of them have two fatty acids linked, differing in chain length and degree of saturation. LC-ESI-MS/MS served as a powerful method to identify trends in the change in individual lipids and to understand strategies of the plant responding to stress. Being a good model plant, but also one of the most important fresh-cut vegetables in the world, lettuce (<i>Lactuca sativa</i> L.) has already been shown to respond significantly to different states of sulfur supply. The results showed a transformation of the glycolipids in lettuce plants and trends towards a higher degree of saturation of the lipids and an increased level of oxidized SQDG under S-limiting conditions. Changes in individual MGDG, DGDG, and oxidized SQDG were associated to S-related stress for the first time. Promisingly, oxidized SQDG might even serve as markers for further abiotic stress factors. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-11T08:42:08Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-9fde3ff523f644d2b354b160c77db361 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1661-6596 1422-0067 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-11T08:42:08Z |
| publishDate | 2023-02-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | International Journal of Molecular Sciences |
| spelling | doaj.art-9fde3ff523f644d2b354b160c77db3612023-11-16T21:04:08ZengMDPI AGInternational Journal of Molecular Sciences1661-65961422-00672023-02-01244372810.3390/ijms24043728LC-ESI-MS/MS Analysis of Sulfolipids and Galactolipids in Green and Red Lettuce (<i>Lactuca sativa</i> L.) as Influenced by Sulfur NutritionTania T. Körber0Tobias Sitz1Muna A. Abdalla2Karl H. Mühling3Sascha Rohn4Institute of Food Chemistry, Hamburg School of Food Science, University of Hamburg, Grindelallee 117, 20146 Hamburg, GermanyInstitute of Food Chemistry, Hamburg School of Food Science, University of Hamburg, Grindelallee 117, 20146 Hamburg, GermanyInstitute of Plant Nutrition and Soil Science, Kiel University, Hermann-Rodewald-Str. 2, 24118 Kiel, GermanyInstitute of Plant Nutrition and Soil Science, Kiel University, Hermann-Rodewald-Str. 2, 24118 Kiel, GermanyInstitute of Food Chemistry, Hamburg School of Food Science, University of Hamburg, Grindelallee 117, 20146 Hamburg, GermanySulfur (S) deprivation leads to abiotic stress in plants. This can have a significant impact on membrane lipids, illustrated by a change in either the lipid class and/or the fatty acid distribution. Three different levels of S (deprivation, adequate, and excess) in the form of potassium sulfate were used to identify individual thylakoid membrane lipids, which might act as markers in S nutrition (especially under stress conditions). The thylakoid membrane consists of the three glycolipid classes: monogalactosyl- (MGDG), digalactosyl- (DGDG), and sulfoquinovosyl diacylglycerols (SQDG). All of them have two fatty acids linked, differing in chain length and degree of saturation. LC-ESI-MS/MS served as a powerful method to identify trends in the change in individual lipids and to understand strategies of the plant responding to stress. Being a good model plant, but also one of the most important fresh-cut vegetables in the world, lettuce (<i>Lactuca sativa</i> L.) has already been shown to respond significantly to different states of sulfur supply. The results showed a transformation of the glycolipids in lettuce plants and trends towards a higher degree of saturation of the lipids and an increased level of oxidized SQDG under S-limiting conditions. Changes in individual MGDG, DGDG, and oxidized SQDG were associated to S-related stress for the first time. Promisingly, oxidized SQDG might even serve as markers for further abiotic stress factors.https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/24/4/3728glycolipidsfatty acidsoxidized SQDGS-limiting condition |
| spellingShingle | Tania T. Körber Tobias Sitz Muna A. Abdalla Karl H. Mühling Sascha Rohn LC-ESI-MS/MS Analysis of Sulfolipids and Galactolipids in Green and Red Lettuce (<i>Lactuca sativa</i> L.) as Influenced by Sulfur Nutrition International Journal of Molecular Sciences glycolipids fatty acids oxidized SQDG S-limiting condition |
| title | LC-ESI-MS/MS Analysis of Sulfolipids and Galactolipids in Green and Red Lettuce (<i>Lactuca sativa</i> L.) as Influenced by Sulfur Nutrition |
| title_full | LC-ESI-MS/MS Analysis of Sulfolipids and Galactolipids in Green and Red Lettuce (<i>Lactuca sativa</i> L.) as Influenced by Sulfur Nutrition |
| title_fullStr | LC-ESI-MS/MS Analysis of Sulfolipids and Galactolipids in Green and Red Lettuce (<i>Lactuca sativa</i> L.) as Influenced by Sulfur Nutrition |
| title_full_unstemmed | LC-ESI-MS/MS Analysis of Sulfolipids and Galactolipids in Green and Red Lettuce (<i>Lactuca sativa</i> L.) as Influenced by Sulfur Nutrition |
| title_short | LC-ESI-MS/MS Analysis of Sulfolipids and Galactolipids in Green and Red Lettuce (<i>Lactuca sativa</i> L.) as Influenced by Sulfur Nutrition |
| title_sort | lc esi ms ms analysis of sulfolipids and galactolipids in green and red lettuce i lactuca sativa i l as influenced by sulfur nutrition |
| topic | glycolipids fatty acids oxidized SQDG S-limiting condition |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/24/4/3728 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT taniatkorber lcesimsmsanalysisofsulfolipidsandgalactolipidsingreenandredlettuceilactucasativailasinfluencedbysulfurnutrition AT tobiassitz lcesimsmsanalysisofsulfolipidsandgalactolipidsingreenandredlettuceilactucasativailasinfluencedbysulfurnutrition AT munaaabdalla lcesimsmsanalysisofsulfolipidsandgalactolipidsingreenandredlettuceilactucasativailasinfluencedbysulfurnutrition AT karlhmuhling lcesimsmsanalysisofsulfolipidsandgalactolipidsingreenandredlettuceilactucasativailasinfluencedbysulfurnutrition AT sascharohn lcesimsmsanalysisofsulfolipidsandgalactolipidsingreenandredlettuceilactucasativailasinfluencedbysulfurnutrition |