Physiological responses at short distances from a parametric speaker
<p>Abstract</p> <p>In recent years, parametric speakers have been used in various circumstances. In our previous studies, we verified that the physiological burden of the sound of parametric speaker set at 2.6 m from the subjects was lower than that of the general speaker. However,...
| Main Authors: | , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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BMC
2012-06-01
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| Series: | Journal of Physiological Anthropology |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://www.jphysiolanthropol.com/content/31/1/16 |
| _version_ | 1818385754664992768 |
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| author | Lee Soomin Shimomura Yoshihiro Katsura Tetsuo |
| author_facet | Lee Soomin Shimomura Yoshihiro Katsura Tetsuo |
| author_sort | Lee Soomin |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | <p>Abstract</p> <p>In recent years, parametric speakers have been used in various circumstances. In our previous studies, we verified that the physiological burden of the sound of parametric speaker set at 2.6 m from the subjects was lower than that of the general speaker. However, nothing has yet been demonstrated about the effects of the sound of a parametric speaker at the shorter distance between parametric speakers the human body. Therefore, we studied this effect on physiological functions and task performance. Nine male subjects participated in this study. They completed three consecutive sessions: a 20-minute quiet period as a baseline, a 30-minute mental task period with general speakers or parametric speakers, and a 20-minute recovery period. We measured electrocardiogram (ECG) photoplethysmogram (PTG), electroencephalogram (EEG), systolic and diastolic blood pressure. Four experiments, one with a speaker condition (general speaker and parametric speaker), the other with a distance condition (0.3 m and 1.0 m), were conducted respectively at the same time of day on separate days. To examine the effects of the speaker and distance, three-way repeated measures ANOVA (speaker factor <it>x</it> distance factor <it>x</it> time factor) were conducted. In conclusion, we found that the physiological responses were not significantly different between the speaker condition and the distance condition. Meanwhile, it was shown that the physiological burdens increased with progress in time independently of speaker condition and distance condition. In summary, the effects of the parametric speaker at the 2.6 m distance were not obtained at the distance of 1 m or less.</p> |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-14T03:43:11Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-9fe5988966044b43b414aace71f757e3 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1880-6791 1880-6805 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-14T03:43:11Z |
| publishDate | 2012-06-01 |
| publisher | BMC |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Journal of Physiological Anthropology |
| spelling | doaj.art-9fe5988966044b43b414aace71f757e32022-12-21T23:18:26ZengBMCJournal of Physiological Anthropology1880-67911880-68052012-06-013111610.1186/1880-6805-31-16Physiological responses at short distances from a parametric speakerLee SoominShimomura YoshihiroKatsura Tetsuo<p>Abstract</p> <p>In recent years, parametric speakers have been used in various circumstances. In our previous studies, we verified that the physiological burden of the sound of parametric speaker set at 2.6 m from the subjects was lower than that of the general speaker. However, nothing has yet been demonstrated about the effects of the sound of a parametric speaker at the shorter distance between parametric speakers the human body. Therefore, we studied this effect on physiological functions and task performance. Nine male subjects participated in this study. They completed three consecutive sessions: a 20-minute quiet period as a baseline, a 30-minute mental task period with general speakers or parametric speakers, and a 20-minute recovery period. We measured electrocardiogram (ECG) photoplethysmogram (PTG), electroencephalogram (EEG), systolic and diastolic blood pressure. Four experiments, one with a speaker condition (general speaker and parametric speaker), the other with a distance condition (0.3 m and 1.0 m), were conducted respectively at the same time of day on separate days. To examine the effects of the speaker and distance, three-way repeated measures ANOVA (speaker factor <it>x</it> distance factor <it>x</it> time factor) were conducted. In conclusion, we found that the physiological responses were not significantly different between the speaker condition and the distance condition. Meanwhile, it was shown that the physiological burdens increased with progress in time independently of speaker condition and distance condition. In summary, the effects of the parametric speaker at the 2.6 m distance were not obtained at the distance of 1 m or less.</p>http://www.jphysiolanthropol.com/content/31/1/16Parametric speakerDistanceMental taskPhysiological response |
| spellingShingle | Lee Soomin Shimomura Yoshihiro Katsura Tetsuo Physiological responses at short distances from a parametric speaker Journal of Physiological Anthropology Parametric speaker Distance Mental task Physiological response |
| title | Physiological responses at short distances from a parametric speaker |
| title_full | Physiological responses at short distances from a parametric speaker |
| title_fullStr | Physiological responses at short distances from a parametric speaker |
| title_full_unstemmed | Physiological responses at short distances from a parametric speaker |
| title_short | Physiological responses at short distances from a parametric speaker |
| title_sort | physiological responses at short distances from a parametric speaker |
| topic | Parametric speaker Distance Mental task Physiological response |
| url | http://www.jphysiolanthropol.com/content/31/1/16 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT leesoomin physiologicalresponsesatshortdistancesfromaparametricspeaker AT shimomurayoshihiro physiologicalresponsesatshortdistancesfromaparametricspeaker AT katsuratetsuo physiologicalresponsesatshortdistancesfromaparametricspeaker |