Metabolite Profiling of Wheat Response to Cultivar Improvement and Nitrogen Fertilizer
Both genetic improvement and the application of N fertilizer increase the quality and yields of wheat. However, the molecular kinetics that underlies the differences between them are not well understood. In this study, we performed a non-targeted metabolomic analysis on wheat cultivars from differen...
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MDPI AG
2023-01-01
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| Series: | Metabolites |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2218-1989/13/1/107 |
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| author | Fulin Zhao Yifan Wang Jiayu Hu Shaolei Shi Hongyan Zhang Yang Wang Youliang Ye |
| author_facet | Fulin Zhao Yifan Wang Jiayu Hu Shaolei Shi Hongyan Zhang Yang Wang Youliang Ye |
| author_sort | Fulin Zhao |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Both genetic improvement and the application of N fertilizer increase the quality and yields of wheat. However, the molecular kinetics that underlies the differences between them are not well understood. In this study, we performed a non-targeted metabolomic analysis on wheat cultivars from different release years to comprehensively investigate the metabolic differences between cultivar and N treatments. The results revealed that the plant height and tiller number steadily decreased with increased ears numbers, whereas the grain number and weight increased with genetic improvement. Following the addition of N fertilizer, the panicle numbers and grain weights increased in an old cultivar, whereas the panicle number and grain number per panicle increased in a modern cultivar. For the 1950s to 2010s cultivar, the yield increases due to genetic improvements ranged from −1.9% to 96.7%, whereas that of N application ranged from 19.1% to 81.6%. Based on the untargeted metabolomics approach, the findings demonstrated that genetic improvements induced 1.4 to 7.4 times more metabolic alterations than N fertilizer supply. After the addition of N, 69.6%, 29.4%, and 33.3% of the differential metabolites were upregulated in the 1950s, 1980s, and 2010s cultivars, respectively. The results of metabolic pathway analysis of the identified differential metabolites via genetic improvement indicated enrichment in 1-2 KEGG pathways, whereas the application of N fertilizer enriched 2–4 pathways. Our results provide new insights into the molecular mechanisms of wheat quality and grain yield developments. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T11:42:43Z |
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| id | doaj.art-a027c457010d4ae9a81e71fe00e53d38 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2218-1989 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T11:42:43Z |
| publishDate | 2023-01-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
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| series | Metabolites |
| spelling | doaj.art-a027c457010d4ae9a81e71fe00e53d382023-11-30T23:29:05ZengMDPI AGMetabolites2218-19892023-01-0113110710.3390/metabo13010107Metabolite Profiling of Wheat Response to Cultivar Improvement and Nitrogen FertilizerFulin Zhao0Yifan Wang1Jiayu Hu2Shaolei Shi3Hongyan Zhang4Yang Wang5Youliang Ye6Agricultural Green Development Engineering Technology Research Center, College of Resources and Environment, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, ChinaDengzhou Agricultural Technology Extension Center, Dengzhou 474150, ChinaAgricultural Green Development Engineering Technology Research Center, College of Resources and Environment, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, ChinaMajorbio Company, Ai Di Sheng Rd., Zhangjiang Hi-Tech Park, Shanghai 201203, ChinaAgricultural Green Development Engineering Technology Research Center, College of Resources and Environment, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, ChinaAgricultural Green Development Engineering Technology Research Center, College of Resources and Environment, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, ChinaAgricultural Green Development Engineering Technology Research Center, College of Resources and Environment, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, ChinaBoth genetic improvement and the application of N fertilizer increase the quality and yields of wheat. However, the molecular kinetics that underlies the differences between them are not well understood. In this study, we performed a non-targeted metabolomic analysis on wheat cultivars from different release years to comprehensively investigate the metabolic differences between cultivar and N treatments. The results revealed that the plant height and tiller number steadily decreased with increased ears numbers, whereas the grain number and weight increased with genetic improvement. Following the addition of N fertilizer, the panicle numbers and grain weights increased in an old cultivar, whereas the panicle number and grain number per panicle increased in a modern cultivar. For the 1950s to 2010s cultivar, the yield increases due to genetic improvements ranged from −1.9% to 96.7%, whereas that of N application ranged from 19.1% to 81.6%. Based on the untargeted metabolomics approach, the findings demonstrated that genetic improvements induced 1.4 to 7.4 times more metabolic alterations than N fertilizer supply. After the addition of N, 69.6%, 29.4%, and 33.3% of the differential metabolites were upregulated in the 1950s, 1980s, and 2010s cultivars, respectively. The results of metabolic pathway analysis of the identified differential metabolites via genetic improvement indicated enrichment in 1-2 KEGG pathways, whereas the application of N fertilizer enriched 2–4 pathways. Our results provide new insights into the molecular mechanisms of wheat quality and grain yield developments.https://www.mdpi.com/2218-1989/13/1/107yieldgrain qualitymetabolomewheat release yearnitrogen nutrient |
| spellingShingle | Fulin Zhao Yifan Wang Jiayu Hu Shaolei Shi Hongyan Zhang Yang Wang Youliang Ye Metabolite Profiling of Wheat Response to Cultivar Improvement and Nitrogen Fertilizer Metabolites yield grain quality metabolome wheat release year nitrogen nutrient |
| title | Metabolite Profiling of Wheat Response to Cultivar Improvement and Nitrogen Fertilizer |
| title_full | Metabolite Profiling of Wheat Response to Cultivar Improvement and Nitrogen Fertilizer |
| title_fullStr | Metabolite Profiling of Wheat Response to Cultivar Improvement and Nitrogen Fertilizer |
| title_full_unstemmed | Metabolite Profiling of Wheat Response to Cultivar Improvement and Nitrogen Fertilizer |
| title_short | Metabolite Profiling of Wheat Response to Cultivar Improvement and Nitrogen Fertilizer |
| title_sort | metabolite profiling of wheat response to cultivar improvement and nitrogen fertilizer |
| topic | yield grain quality metabolome wheat release year nitrogen nutrient |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2218-1989/13/1/107 |
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