Land Ecological Enhancement, Greenship Neighborhood 1.0: A Theoretical and Concept Study into the Design Framework of a Sustainable Built Environment
Greater Bandung is the third largest metropolitan city in Indonesia. The population growth of Bandung, recorded as 0.37 p.a, makes a significant contribution to the physical development of the city (BPS Bandung City, 2016). Nevertheless, a non-integrated regional planning and design oriented to...
| Main Authors: | , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Universitas Indonesia
2018-12-01
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| Series: | International Journal of Technology |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://ijtech.eng.ui.ac.id/article/view/2645 |
| Summary: | Greater Bandung is the third
largest metropolitan city in Indonesia. The population growth of Bandung,
recorded as 0.37 p.a, makes a significant contribution to the physical
development of the city (BPS Bandung City, 2016). Nevertheless, a non-integrated regional planning
and design oriented to economic growth points to environmental degradation,
which then contributes to several urban hazards. Kementerian Lingkungan Hidup dan Kehutanan Republik Indonesia (2016), launched its IKLH
(Environmental Quality Index) in 2016. Indicators for assessing IKLH are based
on the Air Pollution Index (30%), Water Pollution Index (30%), and Green
Coverage Index (40%). The score for normal IKLH is above 67, while the score
for Bandung declined from 2011 to 2014, with results of 50.49, 48.37, 47.80,
and 45.06. This rating scale means that the region is in a state of alert. The
lowest score in Bandung relates to green coverage. Air pollution conditions
have also deteriorated from year to year, and the index decreased drastically,
from 71.03 to 59.24. (Kementerian Lingkungan Hidup
dan Kehutanan RI, 2016).
The Bandung government has established the RTRW
(Bandung City Regional Spatial Plan) 2011–2031 (Pemerintah Kota Bandung,
2011), stated in the
Regional Regulation of Bandung City No. 18 of 2011. There are two city service
centers (PPKs): PPK Alun-alun and PPK Gedebage. Those PPKs must provide
adequate infrastructure and facilities to serve the whole city and regional
area. Thus, PPK Gedebage becomes our focus, since this area is the new
extension of Eastern Bandung development and is mentioned in the Gedebage
masterplan (Rencana Induk Kawasan
Gedebage, RIKG). In principle, the planning of the Gedebage area aims to
reduce the burden of activity and traffic in the center of Bandung, which has
reached its maximum capacity. The Gedebage area was developed to reduce the
burden of activity and traffic in the center of Bandung, which has also reached
its maximum capacity. Commercial and service functions (21.8%) occupy the third
largest portion of the total area, after settlements (27.6%) and infrastructure
(25.1%). RIKG has included the intensity of land use through the building
coverage ratio (BCR), floor area ratio (FAR), and green coverage. RIKG has also
provided guidance on flood control systems, drainage systems, and infiltration
wells, while other planning provisions have not been regulated.
In the city of Bandung, there are already binding regulations related to
buildings and sustainable areas, as outlined in Perwal (Mayor Regulation) No.
1023 of 2016. In the regulation, the construction must consider harmony with
the building’s environment in terms of social, cultural, and ecosystem
elements. This requirement relates to buildings with a building floor area of
at least 5000 m2 (Kementerian Pekerjaan Umum dan Perumahan Rakyat
Republik Indonesia, 2015). This Perwal intended to control the city development
which is increasingly tend to explore the natural resources based on commercial
demand basis neglecting the environmental aspects. The masterplan design, somehow has not been
designed integrated with the aspects of ecological enhancement. By focuses on
maintaining the harmony and balance of the environmental ecosystem, improving
the quality of a healthy environment, and greatly minimizing the opening of new
land. As a result, the land used can be efficient and maintain a natural
balance.Technology innovation plays a critical role in
expediting transition to a sustainable mode of development and it becomes an
important instrument to increase the flow of new ideas and next-generation
products (Berawi, 2018). Thus, this study aims to explore the theoretical
aspects of Greenship Neighborhood 1.0 (Greenship, 2015) as
new innovation as benchmark tools, through LEE parameters. The synthesis of
parameter later will be used as the design guidelines. To determine the
rating/certification as a benchmark, the extent of the application of
ecological enhancement criteria in this commercial area is used as a rating
tool issued by the Green Building Council Indonesia (GBCI), and the benchmark
tool is called Greenship. |
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| ISSN: | 2086-9614 2087-2100 |