The Complex Interaction between the Tumor Micro-Environment and Immune Checkpoints in Breast Cancer
The progression of breast cancer and its association with clinical outcome and treatment remain largely unexplored. Accumulating data has highlighted the interaction between cells of the immune system and the tumor microenvironment in cancer progression, and although studies have identified multiple...
| Main Authors: | , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2019-08-01
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| Series: | Cancers |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6694/11/8/1205 |
| _version_ | 1797714245646811136 |
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| author | Vanessa Barriga Nyanbol Kuol Kulmira Nurgali Vasso Apostolopoulos |
| author_facet | Vanessa Barriga Nyanbol Kuol Kulmira Nurgali Vasso Apostolopoulos |
| author_sort | Vanessa Barriga |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The progression of breast cancer and its association with clinical outcome and treatment remain largely unexplored. Accumulating data has highlighted the interaction between cells of the immune system and the tumor microenvironment in cancer progression, and although studies have identified multiple facets of cancer progression within the development of the tumor microenvironment (TME) and its constituents, there is lack of research into the associations between breast cancer subtype and staging. Current literature has provided insight into the cells and pathways associated with breast cancer progression through expression analysis. However, there is lack of co-expression studies between immune pathways and cells of the TME that form pro-tumorigenic relationships contributing to immune-evasion. We focus on the immune checkpoint and TME elements that influence cancer progression, particularly studies in molecular subtypes of breast cancer. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-12T07:49:12Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-a03c2f8bad9b4beea1c1baac6f51f6de |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2072-6694 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-12T07:49:12Z |
| publishDate | 2019-08-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Cancers |
| spelling | doaj.art-a03c2f8bad9b4beea1c1baac6f51f6de2023-09-02T20:44:48ZengMDPI AGCancers2072-66942019-08-01118120510.3390/cancers11081205cancers11081205The Complex Interaction between the Tumor Micro-Environment and Immune Checkpoints in Breast CancerVanessa Barriga0Nyanbol Kuol1Kulmira Nurgali2Vasso Apostolopoulos3College of Health and Biomedicine, Victoria University, Melbourne 3030, AustraliaInstitute for Health and Sport, Victoria University, Melbourne 3030, AustraliaInstitute for Health and Sport, Victoria University, Melbourne 3030, AustraliaInstitute for Health and Sport, Victoria University, Melbourne 3030, AustraliaThe progression of breast cancer and its association with clinical outcome and treatment remain largely unexplored. Accumulating data has highlighted the interaction between cells of the immune system and the tumor microenvironment in cancer progression, and although studies have identified multiple facets of cancer progression within the development of the tumor microenvironment (TME) and its constituents, there is lack of research into the associations between breast cancer subtype and staging. Current literature has provided insight into the cells and pathways associated with breast cancer progression through expression analysis. However, there is lack of co-expression studies between immune pathways and cells of the TME that form pro-tumorigenic relationships contributing to immune-evasion. We focus on the immune checkpoint and TME elements that influence cancer progression, particularly studies in molecular subtypes of breast cancer.https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6694/11/8/1205breast cancercheckpointcheckpoint inhibitorstumor microenvironmenttumor-associated macrophagescancer-associated fibroblaststumor-associated neutrophilsIDOPD-L1Siglec-9 |
| spellingShingle | Vanessa Barriga Nyanbol Kuol Kulmira Nurgali Vasso Apostolopoulos The Complex Interaction between the Tumor Micro-Environment and Immune Checkpoints in Breast Cancer Cancers breast cancer checkpoint checkpoint inhibitors tumor microenvironment tumor-associated macrophages cancer-associated fibroblasts tumor-associated neutrophils IDO PD-L1 Siglec-9 |
| title | The Complex Interaction between the Tumor Micro-Environment and Immune Checkpoints in Breast Cancer |
| title_full | The Complex Interaction between the Tumor Micro-Environment and Immune Checkpoints in Breast Cancer |
| title_fullStr | The Complex Interaction between the Tumor Micro-Environment and Immune Checkpoints in Breast Cancer |
| title_full_unstemmed | The Complex Interaction between the Tumor Micro-Environment and Immune Checkpoints in Breast Cancer |
| title_short | The Complex Interaction between the Tumor Micro-Environment and Immune Checkpoints in Breast Cancer |
| title_sort | complex interaction between the tumor micro environment and immune checkpoints in breast cancer |
| topic | breast cancer checkpoint checkpoint inhibitors tumor microenvironment tumor-associated macrophages cancer-associated fibroblasts tumor-associated neutrophils IDO PD-L1 Siglec-9 |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6694/11/8/1205 |
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