Fetal MRI Analysis of Corpus Callosal Abnormalities: Classification, and Associated Anomalies
Background. Corpus callosal abnormalities (CCA) are midline developmental brain malformations and are usually associated with a wide spectrum of other neurological and non-neurological abnormalities. The study aims to highlight the diagnostic role of fetal MRI to characterize heterogeneous corpus ca...
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MDPI AG
2024-02-01
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| Series: | Diagnostics |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2075-4418/14/4/430 |
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| author | Kranthi K. Marathu Farzan Vahedifard Mehmet Kocak Xuchu Liu Jubril O. Adepoju Rakhee M. Bowker Mark Supanich Rosario M. Cosme-Cruz Sharon Byrd |
| author_facet | Kranthi K. Marathu Farzan Vahedifard Mehmet Kocak Xuchu Liu Jubril O. Adepoju Rakhee M. Bowker Mark Supanich Rosario M. Cosme-Cruz Sharon Byrd |
| author_sort | Kranthi K. Marathu |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Background. Corpus callosal abnormalities (CCA) are midline developmental brain malformations and are usually associated with a wide spectrum of other neurological and non-neurological abnormalities. The study aims to highlight the diagnostic role of fetal MRI to characterize heterogeneous corpus callosal abnormalities using the latest classification system. It also helps to identify associated anomalies, which have prognostic implications for the postnatal outcome. Methods. In this study, retrospective data from antenatal women who underwent fetal MRI between January 2014 and July 2023 at Rush University Medical Center were evaluated for CCA and classified based on structural morphology. Patients were further assessed for associated neurological and non-neurological anomalies. Results. The most frequent class of CCA was complete agenesis (79.1%), followed by hypoplasia (12.5%), dysplasia (4.2%), and hypoplasia with dysplasia (4.2%). Among them, 17% had isolated CCA, while the majority (83%) had complex forms of CCA associated with other CNS and non-CNS anomalies. Out of the complex CCA cases, 58% were associated with other CNS anomalies, while 8% were associated with non-CNS anomalies. 17% of cases had both. Conclusion. The use of fetal MRI is valuable in the classification of abnormalities of the corpus callosum after the confirmation of a suspected diagnosis on prenatal ultrasound. This technique is an invaluable method for distinguishing between isolated and complex forms of CCA, especially in cases of apparent isolated CCA. The use of diffusion-weighted imaging or diffusion tensor imaging in fetal neuroimaging is expected to provide further insights into white matter abnormalities in fetuses diagnosed with CCA in the future. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-07T22:35:43Z |
| format | Article |
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| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-07T22:35:43Z |
| publishDate | 2024-02-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Diagnostics |
| spelling | doaj.art-a04293d503fb4bf3aa82bce79bdbf1642024-02-23T15:13:52ZengMDPI AGDiagnostics2075-44182024-02-0114443010.3390/diagnostics14040430Fetal MRI Analysis of Corpus Callosal Abnormalities: Classification, and Associated AnomaliesKranthi K. Marathu0Farzan Vahedifard1Mehmet Kocak2Xuchu Liu3Jubril O. Adepoju4Rakhee M. Bowker5Mark Supanich6Rosario M. Cosme-Cruz7Sharon Byrd8Department of Diagnostic Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Rush Medical College, Chicago, IL 60612, USADepartment of Diagnostic Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Rush Medical College, Chicago, IL 60612, USADepartment of Diagnostic Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Rush Medical College, Chicago, IL 60612, USADepartment of Diagnostic Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Rush Medical College, Chicago, IL 60612, USADepartment of Diagnostic Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Rush Medical College, Chicago, IL 60612, USADepartment of Pediatrics, Division of Neonatology, Rush Medical College, Chicago, IL 60612, USADepartment of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Division for Diagnostic Medical Physics, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60612, USADepartment of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Rush Medical College, Chicago, IL 60612, USADepartment of Diagnostic Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Rush Medical College, Chicago, IL 60612, USABackground. Corpus callosal abnormalities (CCA) are midline developmental brain malformations and are usually associated with a wide spectrum of other neurological and non-neurological abnormalities. The study aims to highlight the diagnostic role of fetal MRI to characterize heterogeneous corpus callosal abnormalities using the latest classification system. It also helps to identify associated anomalies, which have prognostic implications for the postnatal outcome. Methods. In this study, retrospective data from antenatal women who underwent fetal MRI between January 2014 and July 2023 at Rush University Medical Center were evaluated for CCA and classified based on structural morphology. Patients were further assessed for associated neurological and non-neurological anomalies. Results. The most frequent class of CCA was complete agenesis (79.1%), followed by hypoplasia (12.5%), dysplasia (4.2%), and hypoplasia with dysplasia (4.2%). Among them, 17% had isolated CCA, while the majority (83%) had complex forms of CCA associated with other CNS and non-CNS anomalies. Out of the complex CCA cases, 58% were associated with other CNS anomalies, while 8% were associated with non-CNS anomalies. 17% of cases had both. Conclusion. The use of fetal MRI is valuable in the classification of abnormalities of the corpus callosum after the confirmation of a suspected diagnosis on prenatal ultrasound. This technique is an invaluable method for distinguishing between isolated and complex forms of CCA, especially in cases of apparent isolated CCA. The use of diffusion-weighted imaging or diffusion tensor imaging in fetal neuroimaging is expected to provide further insights into white matter abnormalities in fetuses diagnosed with CCA in the future.https://www.mdpi.com/2075-4418/14/4/430fetal MRIcorpus callosal abnormalitiescentral nervous system anomaliesweeks of gestationprobst bundles |
| spellingShingle | Kranthi K. Marathu Farzan Vahedifard Mehmet Kocak Xuchu Liu Jubril O. Adepoju Rakhee M. Bowker Mark Supanich Rosario M. Cosme-Cruz Sharon Byrd Fetal MRI Analysis of Corpus Callosal Abnormalities: Classification, and Associated Anomalies Diagnostics fetal MRI corpus callosal abnormalities central nervous system anomalies weeks of gestation probst bundles |
| title | Fetal MRI Analysis of Corpus Callosal Abnormalities: Classification, and Associated Anomalies |
| title_full | Fetal MRI Analysis of Corpus Callosal Abnormalities: Classification, and Associated Anomalies |
| title_fullStr | Fetal MRI Analysis of Corpus Callosal Abnormalities: Classification, and Associated Anomalies |
| title_full_unstemmed | Fetal MRI Analysis of Corpus Callosal Abnormalities: Classification, and Associated Anomalies |
| title_short | Fetal MRI Analysis of Corpus Callosal Abnormalities: Classification, and Associated Anomalies |
| title_sort | fetal mri analysis of corpus callosal abnormalities classification and associated anomalies |
| topic | fetal MRI corpus callosal abnormalities central nervous system anomalies weeks of gestation probst bundles |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2075-4418/14/4/430 |
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