Delayed Latency of Postural Muscles of Individuals with Intellectual Disabilities
Individuals with intellectual disabilities (ID) (50 < IQ < 79) show impaired motor and postural control, these impairments are highly related to falls and injuries. Recent studies demonstrated these impairments are related with fine and gross motor development, which are more strongly...
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2018-02-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Psychology |
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| Online Access: | http://journal.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fpsyg.2018.00109/full |
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| author | J. Walter Tolentino-Castro J. Walter Tolentino-Castro Andreas Mühlbeier Luis Mochizuki Heiko Wagner Heiko Wagner |
| author_facet | J. Walter Tolentino-Castro J. Walter Tolentino-Castro Andreas Mühlbeier Luis Mochizuki Heiko Wagner Heiko Wagner |
| author_sort | J. Walter Tolentino-Castro |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Individuals with intellectual disabilities (ID) (50 < IQ < 79) show impaired motor and postural control, these impairments are highly related to falls and injuries. Recent studies demonstrated these impairments are related with fine and gross motor development, which are more strongly associated with cognition, and consequently language for individuals with ID than for without ID. Despite these studies, little is known about the structure and functioning of this population's spinal cord, which is highly involved in postural control. The aim of our study was to assess the latency of the reflex responses in postural muscles after unexpected lateral external perturbations, in individuals with intellectual disabilities compared to typically developed participants. We assessed 16 participants with intellectual disabilities, 9 males and 7 females (aged 24.06 ± 8.66 years) and 20 typical developed participants (CG), 11 females, 9 males, (aged 21.20±1.96 years). While the participants were in an upright standing position electromyography was used to collect data from M. obliquus externus abdominis (OE) muscles, which were activated by unpredictable perturbations applied by a servomotor on a hand-held grip, following the lateral external perturbation to the trunk. The intellectual disabilities group presented contralateral OE muscles latency of 85.71±27.24 ms, and CG group presented 68.62±10.25 ms, no differences was found. Ipsilateral OE muscles latency also did not differs between the groups, ID group showed 96.60±30.20 ms and CG group showed 95.57±33.53 ms. Our study furthers the knowledge about the muscular activity of individuals with intellectual disabilities. The present experimental results may suggest unique spinal cord processing of individuals with intellectual disabilities when they are faced with unexpected lateral external perturbations. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-21T07:26:20Z |
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| id | doaj.art-a046fea4de354a24af7de5ffe0f7d0c1 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1664-1078 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-21T07:26:20Z |
| publishDate | 2018-02-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
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| series | Frontiers in Psychology |
| spelling | doaj.art-a046fea4de354a24af7de5ffe0f7d0c12022-12-21T19:11:40ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Psychology1664-10782018-02-01910.3389/fpsyg.2018.00109313431Delayed Latency of Postural Muscles of Individuals with Intellectual DisabilitiesJ. Walter Tolentino-Castro0J. Walter Tolentino-Castro1Andreas Mühlbeier2Luis Mochizuki3Heiko Wagner4Heiko Wagner5Department of Movement Science, University of Münster, Münster, GermanyOtto Creutzfeldt Center for Cognitive and Behavioral Neuroscience, University of Münster, Münster, GermanyDepartment of Movement Science, University of Münster, Münster, GermanyDepartment of Movement Science, College of Arts, Sciences and Humanities, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, BrazilDepartment of Movement Science, University of Münster, Münster, GermanyOtto Creutzfeldt Center for Cognitive and Behavioral Neuroscience, University of Münster, Münster, GermanyIndividuals with intellectual disabilities (ID) (50 < IQ < 79) show impaired motor and postural control, these impairments are highly related to falls and injuries. Recent studies demonstrated these impairments are related with fine and gross motor development, which are more strongly associated with cognition, and consequently language for individuals with ID than for without ID. Despite these studies, little is known about the structure and functioning of this population's spinal cord, which is highly involved in postural control. The aim of our study was to assess the latency of the reflex responses in postural muscles after unexpected lateral external perturbations, in individuals with intellectual disabilities compared to typically developed participants. We assessed 16 participants with intellectual disabilities, 9 males and 7 females (aged 24.06 ± 8.66 years) and 20 typical developed participants (CG), 11 females, 9 males, (aged 21.20±1.96 years). While the participants were in an upright standing position electromyography was used to collect data from M. obliquus externus abdominis (OE) muscles, which were activated by unpredictable perturbations applied by a servomotor on a hand-held grip, following the lateral external perturbation to the trunk. The intellectual disabilities group presented contralateral OE muscles latency of 85.71±27.24 ms, and CG group presented 68.62±10.25 ms, no differences was found. Ipsilateral OE muscles latency also did not differs between the groups, ID group showed 96.60±30.20 ms and CG group showed 95.57±33.53 ms. Our study furthers the knowledge about the muscular activity of individuals with intellectual disabilities. The present experimental results may suggest unique spinal cord processing of individuals with intellectual disabilities when they are faced with unexpected lateral external perturbations.http://journal.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fpsyg.2018.00109/fullmuscular latencyintellectual disabilitiesspinal cord computationpostural controlmuscular reflexspinal cord |
| spellingShingle | J. Walter Tolentino-Castro J. Walter Tolentino-Castro Andreas Mühlbeier Luis Mochizuki Heiko Wagner Heiko Wagner Delayed Latency of Postural Muscles of Individuals with Intellectual Disabilities Frontiers in Psychology muscular latency intellectual disabilities spinal cord computation postural control muscular reflex spinal cord |
| title | Delayed Latency of Postural Muscles of Individuals with Intellectual Disabilities |
| title_full | Delayed Latency of Postural Muscles of Individuals with Intellectual Disabilities |
| title_fullStr | Delayed Latency of Postural Muscles of Individuals with Intellectual Disabilities |
| title_full_unstemmed | Delayed Latency of Postural Muscles of Individuals with Intellectual Disabilities |
| title_short | Delayed Latency of Postural Muscles of Individuals with Intellectual Disabilities |
| title_sort | delayed latency of postural muscles of individuals with intellectual disabilities |
| topic | muscular latency intellectual disabilities spinal cord computation postural control muscular reflex spinal cord |
| url | http://journal.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fpsyg.2018.00109/full |
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