Anthropometric screening approach for obstructive sleep apnea in Japanese men: development and validation of the ABC scale
Abstract Background The existing screening tools for the detection of moderate and severe obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) are tailored to Western individuals. The aim of this study was to formulate and validate a simple anthropometric tool for OSA screening in a Japanese male population by incorporati...
| Main Authors: | , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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BMC
2023-11-01
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| Series: | Sleep Science and Practice |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1186/s41606-023-00094-0 |
| _version_ | 1797451839706234880 |
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| author | Toshiyuki Hirasawa Mina Kobayashi Hideaki Nakayama Mariko Yanagihara Yuichi Inoue |
| author_facet | Toshiyuki Hirasawa Mina Kobayashi Hideaki Nakayama Mariko Yanagihara Yuichi Inoue |
| author_sort | Toshiyuki Hirasawa |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Background The existing screening tools for the detection of moderate and severe obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) are tailored to Western individuals. The aim of this study was to formulate and validate a simple anthropometric tool for OSA screening in a Japanese male population by incorporating objective indicators obtained during routine medical checkups. Methods In total, 443 Japanese men, who were suspected of having OSA and visited our sleep disorder clinic from 2009 to 2012, were retrospectively divided into two groups (development group [DG], n = 206; validation group [VG], n = 237). In the DG, OSA was defined as an apnea–hypopnea index of ≥ 15 events/h. Data regarding clinical and anthropometric variables (age, body mass index [BMI], neck circumference [NC], waist circumference [WC]) were obtained. For parameters that were associated with OSA on simple logistic regression analysis, cutoff values were calculated with receiver operating characteristic curves to create a new screening tool. The utility of the tool was evaluated in the VG and compared to that of the modified Berlin questionnaire (mBQ) for OSA. Results Age (odds ratio [OR] = 1.033, p = 0.002), BMI (OR = 1.231, p < 0.001), NC (OR = 1.327, p < 0.001), and WC (OR = 1.083, p < 0.001) were significant risk factors for OSA in the DG. Cutoff values for the prediction of OSA were age: ≥ 46.5 years, BMI: ≥ 25.45 kg/m2, NC: ≥ 38.35 cm, and WC: ≥ 90.75 cm. Our screening tool, incorporating age, BMI, and WC, yielded 70.1% sensitivity (mBQ: 85.4%) and 66.0% specificity (mBQ: 35.0%) in the VG. Conclusions OSA screening in Japanese men has been conducted only in limited settings such as sleep clinics. The study findings support the implementation of screening in medical checkups using objective indices to enable early detection and treatment of OSA. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T15:00:09Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-a05bab09d37a441ca92a9453fdfbd84d |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2398-2683 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T15:00:09Z |
| publishDate | 2023-11-01 |
| publisher | BMC |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Sleep Science and Practice |
| spelling | doaj.art-a05bab09d37a441ca92a9453fdfbd84d2023-11-26T13:58:29ZengBMCSleep Science and Practice2398-26832023-11-01711810.1186/s41606-023-00094-0Anthropometric screening approach for obstructive sleep apnea in Japanese men: development and validation of the ABC scaleToshiyuki Hirasawa0Mina Kobayashi1Hideaki Nakayama2Mariko Yanagihara3Yuichi Inoue4Department of Somnology, Tokyo Medical UniversityDepartment of Somnology, Tokyo Medical UniversityDepartment of Somnology, Tokyo Medical UniversityDepartment of Somnology, Tokyo Medical UniversityDepartment of Somnology, Tokyo Medical UniversityAbstract Background The existing screening tools for the detection of moderate and severe obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) are tailored to Western individuals. The aim of this study was to formulate and validate a simple anthropometric tool for OSA screening in a Japanese male population by incorporating objective indicators obtained during routine medical checkups. Methods In total, 443 Japanese men, who were suspected of having OSA and visited our sleep disorder clinic from 2009 to 2012, were retrospectively divided into two groups (development group [DG], n = 206; validation group [VG], n = 237). In the DG, OSA was defined as an apnea–hypopnea index of ≥ 15 events/h. Data regarding clinical and anthropometric variables (age, body mass index [BMI], neck circumference [NC], waist circumference [WC]) were obtained. For parameters that were associated with OSA on simple logistic regression analysis, cutoff values were calculated with receiver operating characteristic curves to create a new screening tool. The utility of the tool was evaluated in the VG and compared to that of the modified Berlin questionnaire (mBQ) for OSA. Results Age (odds ratio [OR] = 1.033, p = 0.002), BMI (OR = 1.231, p < 0.001), NC (OR = 1.327, p < 0.001), and WC (OR = 1.083, p < 0.001) were significant risk factors for OSA in the DG. Cutoff values for the prediction of OSA were age: ≥ 46.5 years, BMI: ≥ 25.45 kg/m2, NC: ≥ 38.35 cm, and WC: ≥ 90.75 cm. Our screening tool, incorporating age, BMI, and WC, yielded 70.1% sensitivity (mBQ: 85.4%) and 66.0% specificity (mBQ: 35.0%) in the VG. Conclusions OSA screening in Japanese men has been conducted only in limited settings such as sleep clinics. The study findings support the implementation of screening in medical checkups using objective indices to enable early detection and treatment of OSA.https://doi.org/10.1186/s41606-023-00094-0Obstructive sleep apneaAgeBody mass indexNeck circumferenceWaist circumferenceScreening |
| spellingShingle | Toshiyuki Hirasawa Mina Kobayashi Hideaki Nakayama Mariko Yanagihara Yuichi Inoue Anthropometric screening approach for obstructive sleep apnea in Japanese men: development and validation of the ABC scale Sleep Science and Practice Obstructive sleep apnea Age Body mass index Neck circumference Waist circumference Screening |
| title | Anthropometric screening approach for obstructive sleep apnea in Japanese men: development and validation of the ABC scale |
| title_full | Anthropometric screening approach for obstructive sleep apnea in Japanese men: development and validation of the ABC scale |
| title_fullStr | Anthropometric screening approach for obstructive sleep apnea in Japanese men: development and validation of the ABC scale |
| title_full_unstemmed | Anthropometric screening approach for obstructive sleep apnea in Japanese men: development and validation of the ABC scale |
| title_short | Anthropometric screening approach for obstructive sleep apnea in Japanese men: development and validation of the ABC scale |
| title_sort | anthropometric screening approach for obstructive sleep apnea in japanese men development and validation of the abc scale |
| topic | Obstructive sleep apnea Age Body mass index Neck circumference Waist circumference Screening |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1186/s41606-023-00094-0 |
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