Physical Exercise Potentially Targets Epicardial Adipose Tissue to Reduce Cardiovascular Disease Risk in Patients with Metabolic Diseases: Oxidative Stress and Inflammation Emerge as Major Therapeutic Targets
Excess epicardial adiposity, within a state of obesity and metabolic syndrome, is emerging as an important risk factor for the development of cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). Accordingly, increased epicardial fat thickness (EFT) implicates the exacerbation of pathological mechanisms involving oxidati...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2021-11-01
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| Series: | Antioxidants |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3921/10/11/1758 |
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| author | Thembeka A. Nyawo Carmen Pheiffer Sithandiwe E. Mazibuko-Mbeje Sinenhlanhla X. H. Mthembu Tawanda M. Nyambuya Bongani B. Nkambule Hanél Sadie-Van Gijsen Hans Strijdom Luca Tiano Phiwayinkosi V. Dludla |
| author_facet | Thembeka A. Nyawo Carmen Pheiffer Sithandiwe E. Mazibuko-Mbeje Sinenhlanhla X. H. Mthembu Tawanda M. Nyambuya Bongani B. Nkambule Hanél Sadie-Van Gijsen Hans Strijdom Luca Tiano Phiwayinkosi V. Dludla |
| author_sort | Thembeka A. Nyawo |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Excess epicardial adiposity, within a state of obesity and metabolic syndrome, is emerging as an important risk factor for the development of cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). Accordingly, increased epicardial fat thickness (EFT) implicates the exacerbation of pathological mechanisms involving oxidative stress and inflammation within the heart, which may accelerate the development of CVDs. This explains increased interest in targeting EFT reduction to attenuate the detrimental effects of oxidative stress and inflammation within the setting of metabolic syndrome. Here, we critically discuss clinical and preclinical evidence on the impact of physical exercise on EFT in correlation with reduced CVD risk within a setting of metabolic disease. This review also brings a unique perspective on the implications of oxidative stress and inflammation as major pathological consequences that link increased EFT to accelerated CVD risk in conditions of metabolic disease. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T05:45:22Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-a06f4cb666344b9589b25c6bb9b63d21 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2076-3921 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T05:45:22Z |
| publishDate | 2021-11-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Antioxidants |
| spelling | doaj.art-a06f4cb666344b9589b25c6bb9b63d212023-11-22T22:13:16ZengMDPI AGAntioxidants2076-39212021-11-011011175810.3390/antiox10111758Physical Exercise Potentially Targets Epicardial Adipose Tissue to Reduce Cardiovascular Disease Risk in Patients with Metabolic Diseases: Oxidative Stress and Inflammation Emerge as Major Therapeutic TargetsThembeka A. Nyawo0Carmen Pheiffer1Sithandiwe E. Mazibuko-Mbeje2Sinenhlanhla X. H. Mthembu3Tawanda M. Nyambuya4Bongani B. Nkambule5Hanél Sadie-Van Gijsen6Hans Strijdom7Luca Tiano8Phiwayinkosi V. Dludla9Biomedical Research and Innovation Platform, South African Medical Research Council, Cape Town 7505, South AfricaBiomedical Research and Innovation Platform, South African Medical Research Council, Cape Town 7505, South AfricaDepartment of Biochemistry, North-West University, Mafikeng Campus, Mmabatho 2735, South AfricaBiomedical Research and Innovation Platform, South African Medical Research Council, Cape Town 7505, South AfricaDepartment of Health Sciences, Faculty of Health and Applied Sciences, Namibia University of Science and Technology, Windhoek 9000, NamibiaSchool of Laboratory Medicine and Medical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban 4000, South AfricaCentre for Cardiometabolic Research in Africa (CARMA), Division of Medical Physiology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town 7505, South AfricaCentre for Cardiometabolic Research in Africa (CARMA), Division of Medical Physiology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town 7505, South AfricaDepartment of Life and Environmental Sciences, Polytechnic University of Marche, 60131 Ancona, ItalyBiomedical Research and Innovation Platform, South African Medical Research Council, Cape Town 7505, South AfricaExcess epicardial adiposity, within a state of obesity and metabolic syndrome, is emerging as an important risk factor for the development of cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). Accordingly, increased epicardial fat thickness (EFT) implicates the exacerbation of pathological mechanisms involving oxidative stress and inflammation within the heart, which may accelerate the development of CVDs. This explains increased interest in targeting EFT reduction to attenuate the detrimental effects of oxidative stress and inflammation within the setting of metabolic syndrome. Here, we critically discuss clinical and preclinical evidence on the impact of physical exercise on EFT in correlation with reduced CVD risk within a setting of metabolic disease. This review also brings a unique perspective on the implications of oxidative stress and inflammation as major pathological consequences that link increased EFT to accelerated CVD risk in conditions of metabolic disease.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3921/10/11/1758epicardial adipose tissueoxidative stressinflammationcardiovascular diseaseexercisephysical activity |
| spellingShingle | Thembeka A. Nyawo Carmen Pheiffer Sithandiwe E. Mazibuko-Mbeje Sinenhlanhla X. H. Mthembu Tawanda M. Nyambuya Bongani B. Nkambule Hanél Sadie-Van Gijsen Hans Strijdom Luca Tiano Phiwayinkosi V. Dludla Physical Exercise Potentially Targets Epicardial Adipose Tissue to Reduce Cardiovascular Disease Risk in Patients with Metabolic Diseases: Oxidative Stress and Inflammation Emerge as Major Therapeutic Targets Antioxidants epicardial adipose tissue oxidative stress inflammation cardiovascular disease exercise physical activity |
| title | Physical Exercise Potentially Targets Epicardial Adipose Tissue to Reduce Cardiovascular Disease Risk in Patients with Metabolic Diseases: Oxidative Stress and Inflammation Emerge as Major Therapeutic Targets |
| title_full | Physical Exercise Potentially Targets Epicardial Adipose Tissue to Reduce Cardiovascular Disease Risk in Patients with Metabolic Diseases: Oxidative Stress and Inflammation Emerge as Major Therapeutic Targets |
| title_fullStr | Physical Exercise Potentially Targets Epicardial Adipose Tissue to Reduce Cardiovascular Disease Risk in Patients with Metabolic Diseases: Oxidative Stress and Inflammation Emerge as Major Therapeutic Targets |
| title_full_unstemmed | Physical Exercise Potentially Targets Epicardial Adipose Tissue to Reduce Cardiovascular Disease Risk in Patients with Metabolic Diseases: Oxidative Stress and Inflammation Emerge as Major Therapeutic Targets |
| title_short | Physical Exercise Potentially Targets Epicardial Adipose Tissue to Reduce Cardiovascular Disease Risk in Patients with Metabolic Diseases: Oxidative Stress and Inflammation Emerge as Major Therapeutic Targets |
| title_sort | physical exercise potentially targets epicardial adipose tissue to reduce cardiovascular disease risk in patients with metabolic diseases oxidative stress and inflammation emerge as major therapeutic targets |
| topic | epicardial adipose tissue oxidative stress inflammation cardiovascular disease exercise physical activity |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3921/10/11/1758 |
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