Forwarding Techniques for IP Fragmented Packets in a Real 6LoWPAN Network
Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) are attracting more and more interest since they offer a low-cost solution to the problem of providing a means to deploy large sensor networks in a number of application domains. We believe that a crucial aspect to facilitate WSN diffusion is to make them interoperabl...
| Main Authors: | , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
MDPI AG
2011-01-01
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| Series: | Sensors |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/11/1/992/ |
| _version_ | 1828149456605806592 |
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| author | Jordi Casademont Anna Calveras Alessandro Ludovici |
| author_facet | Jordi Casademont Anna Calveras Alessandro Ludovici |
| author_sort | Jordi Casademont |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) are attracting more and more interest since they offer a low-cost solution to the problem of providing a means to deploy large sensor networks in a number of application domains. We believe that a crucial aspect to facilitate WSN diffusion is to make them interoperable with external IP networks. This can be achieved by using the 6LoWPAN protocol stack. 6LoWPAN enables the transmission of IPv6 packets over WSNs based on the IEEE 802.15.4 standard. IPv6 packet size is considerably larger than that of IEEE 802.15.4 data frame. To overcome this problem, 6LoWPAN introduces an adaptation layer between the network and data link layers, allowing IPv6 packets to be adapted to the lower layer constraints. This adaptation layer provides fragmentation and header compression of IP packets. Furthermore, it also can be involved in routing decisions. Depending on which layer is responsible for routing decisions, 6LoWPAN divides routing in two categories: mesh under if the layer concerned is the adaptation layer and route over if it is the network layer. In this paper we analyze different routing solutions (route over, mesh under and enhanced route over) focusing on how they forward fragments. We evaluate their performance in terms of latency and energy consumption when transmitting IP fragmented packets. All the tests have been performed in a real 6LoWPAN implementation. After consideration of the main problems in forwarding of mesh frames in WSN, we propose and analyze a new alternative scheme based on mesh under, which we call controlled mesh under. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-11T21:30:30Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-a076844a21e6417ea18746512d4f0bbc |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1424-8220 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-11T21:30:30Z |
| publishDate | 2011-01-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Sensors |
| spelling | doaj.art-a076844a21e6417ea18746512d4f0bbc2022-12-22T04:02:02ZengMDPI AGSensors1424-82202011-01-01111992100810.3390/s110100992Forwarding Techniques for IP Fragmented Packets in a Real 6LoWPAN NetworkJordi CasademontAnna CalverasAlessandro LudoviciWireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) are attracting more and more interest since they offer a low-cost solution to the problem of providing a means to deploy large sensor networks in a number of application domains. We believe that a crucial aspect to facilitate WSN diffusion is to make them interoperable with external IP networks. This can be achieved by using the 6LoWPAN protocol stack. 6LoWPAN enables the transmission of IPv6 packets over WSNs based on the IEEE 802.15.4 standard. IPv6 packet size is considerably larger than that of IEEE 802.15.4 data frame. To overcome this problem, 6LoWPAN introduces an adaptation layer between the network and data link layers, allowing IPv6 packets to be adapted to the lower layer constraints. This adaptation layer provides fragmentation and header compression of IP packets. Furthermore, it also can be involved in routing decisions. Depending on which layer is responsible for routing decisions, 6LoWPAN divides routing in two categories: mesh under if the layer concerned is the adaptation layer and route over if it is the network layer. In this paper we analyze different routing solutions (route over, mesh under and enhanced route over) focusing on how they forward fragments. We evaluate their performance in terms of latency and energy consumption when transmitting IP fragmented packets. All the tests have been performed in a real 6LoWPAN implementation. After consideration of the main problems in forwarding of mesh frames in WSN, we propose and analyze a new alternative scheme based on mesh under, which we call controlled mesh under.http://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/11/1/992/Wireless Sensor Networks6LoWPANperformance evaluationmesh underroute over |
| spellingShingle | Jordi Casademont Anna Calveras Alessandro Ludovici Forwarding Techniques for IP Fragmented Packets in a Real 6LoWPAN Network Sensors Wireless Sensor Networks 6LoWPAN performance evaluation mesh under route over |
| title | Forwarding Techniques for IP Fragmented Packets in a Real 6LoWPAN Network |
| title_full | Forwarding Techniques for IP Fragmented Packets in a Real 6LoWPAN Network |
| title_fullStr | Forwarding Techniques for IP Fragmented Packets in a Real 6LoWPAN Network |
| title_full_unstemmed | Forwarding Techniques for IP Fragmented Packets in a Real 6LoWPAN Network |
| title_short | Forwarding Techniques for IP Fragmented Packets in a Real 6LoWPAN Network |
| title_sort | forwarding techniques for ip fragmented packets in a real 6lowpan network |
| topic | Wireless Sensor Networks 6LoWPAN performance evaluation mesh under route over |
| url | http://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/11/1/992/ |
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