Warfarin Toxicity and Individual Variability—Clinical Case
Warfarin is a widely used anticoagulant in the treatment and prevention of thrombosis, in the treatment for chronic atrial fibrillation, mechanical valves, pulmonary embolism, and dilated cardiomyopathy. It is tasteless and colorless, was used as a poison, and is still marketed as a pesticide agains...
| Main Authors: | , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
MDPI AG
2010-10-01
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| Series: | Toxins |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://www.mdpi.com/2072-6651/2/11/2584/ |
| _version_ | 1798041741660520448 |
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| author | Steven Boyages Colin Rochester Trudi Jones Irina Piatkov |
| author_facet | Steven Boyages Colin Rochester Trudi Jones Irina Piatkov |
| author_sort | Steven Boyages |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Warfarin is a widely used anticoagulant in the treatment and prevention of thrombosis, in the treatment for chronic atrial fibrillation, mechanical valves, pulmonary embolism, and dilated cardiomyopathy. It is tasteless and colorless, was used as a poison, and is still marketed as a pesticide against rats and mice. Several long-acting warfarin derivatives—superwarfarin anticoagulants—such as brodifacoum, diphenadione, chlorophacinone, bromadiolone, are used as pesticides and can produce profound and prolonged anticoagulation. Several factors increase the risk of warfarin toxicity. However, polymorphisms in cytochrome P450 genes and drug interactions account for most of the risk for toxicity complications. Each person is unique in their degree of susceptibility to toxic agents. The toxicity interpretation and the health risk of most toxic substances are a subject of uncertainty. Genetically determined low metabolic capacity in an individual can dramatically alter the toxin and metabolite levels from those normally expected, which is crucial for drugs with a narrow therapeutic index, like warfarin. Personalized approaches in interpretation have the potential to remove some of the scientific uncertainties in toxicity cases. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-11T22:25:50Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-a08559e6a2ec430994d37e67dd60d8cb |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2072-6651 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-11T22:25:50Z |
| publishDate | 2010-10-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Toxins |
| spelling | doaj.art-a08559e6a2ec430994d37e67dd60d8cb2022-12-22T03:59:43ZengMDPI AGToxins2072-66512010-10-012112584259210.3390/toxins2112584Warfarin Toxicity and Individual Variability—Clinical CaseSteven BoyagesColin RochesterTrudi JonesIrina PiatkovWarfarin is a widely used anticoagulant in the treatment and prevention of thrombosis, in the treatment for chronic atrial fibrillation, mechanical valves, pulmonary embolism, and dilated cardiomyopathy. It is tasteless and colorless, was used as a poison, and is still marketed as a pesticide against rats and mice. Several long-acting warfarin derivatives—superwarfarin anticoagulants—such as brodifacoum, diphenadione, chlorophacinone, bromadiolone, are used as pesticides and can produce profound and prolonged anticoagulation. Several factors increase the risk of warfarin toxicity. However, polymorphisms in cytochrome P450 genes and drug interactions account for most of the risk for toxicity complications. Each person is unique in their degree of susceptibility to toxic agents. The toxicity interpretation and the health risk of most toxic substances are a subject of uncertainty. Genetically determined low metabolic capacity in an individual can dramatically alter the toxin and metabolite levels from those normally expected, which is crucial for drugs with a narrow therapeutic index, like warfarin. Personalized approaches in interpretation have the potential to remove some of the scientific uncertainties in toxicity cases.http://www.mdpi.com/2072-6651/2/11/2584/warfarinpesticidesanticoagulant |
| spellingShingle | Steven Boyages Colin Rochester Trudi Jones Irina Piatkov Warfarin Toxicity and Individual Variability—Clinical Case Toxins warfarin pesticides anticoagulant |
| title | Warfarin Toxicity and Individual Variability—Clinical Case |
| title_full | Warfarin Toxicity and Individual Variability—Clinical Case |
| title_fullStr | Warfarin Toxicity and Individual Variability—Clinical Case |
| title_full_unstemmed | Warfarin Toxicity and Individual Variability—Clinical Case |
| title_short | Warfarin Toxicity and Individual Variability—Clinical Case |
| title_sort | warfarin toxicity and individual variability clinical case |
| topic | warfarin pesticides anticoagulant |
| url | http://www.mdpi.com/2072-6651/2/11/2584/ |
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