Transcriptome Analysis of Particulate Matter 2.5-Induced Abnormal Effects on Human Sebocytes
Particulate matter 2.5 (PM<sub>2.5</sub>), an atmospheric pollutant with an aerodynamic diameter of <2.5 μm, can cause serious human health problems, including skin damage. Since sebocytes are involved in the regulation of skin homeostasis, it is necessary to study the effects of PM&l...
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MDPI AG
2022-09-01
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| Series: | International Journal of Molecular Sciences |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/23/19/11534 |
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| author | Hye-Won Na Hyun Soo Kim Hyunjung Choi Nari Cha Young Rok Seo Yong Deog Hong Hyoung-June Kim |
| author_facet | Hye-Won Na Hyun Soo Kim Hyunjung Choi Nari Cha Young Rok Seo Yong Deog Hong Hyoung-June Kim |
| author_sort | Hye-Won Na |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Particulate matter 2.5 (PM<sub>2.5</sub>), an atmospheric pollutant with an aerodynamic diameter of <2.5 μm, can cause serious human health problems, including skin damage. Since sebocytes are involved in the regulation of skin homeostasis, it is necessary to study the effects of PM<sub>2.5</sub> on sebocytes. We examined the role of PM<sub>2.5</sub> via the identification of differentially expressed genes, functional enrichment and canonical pathway analysis, upstream regulator analysis, and disease and biological function analysis through mRNA sequencing. Xenobiotic and lipid metabolism, inflammation, oxidative stress, and cell barrier damage-related pathways were enriched; additionally, PM<sub>2.5</sub> altered steroid hormone biosynthesis and retinol metabolism-related pathways. Consequently, PM<sub>2.5</sub> increased lipid synthesis, lipid peroxidation, inflammatory cytokine expression, and oxidative stress and altered the lipid composition and expression of factors that affect cell barriers. Furthermore, PM<sub>2.5</sub> altered the activity of sterol regulatory element binding proteins, mitogen-activated protein kinases, transforming growth factor beta-SMAD, and forkhead box O3-mediated pathways. We also suggest that the alterations in retinol and estrogen metabolism by PM<sub>2.5</sub> are related to the damage. These results were validated using the HairSkin<sup>®</sup> model. Thus, our results provide evidence of the harmful effects of PM<sub>2.5</sub> on sebocytes as well as new targets for alleviating the skin damage it causes. |
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| series | International Journal of Molecular Sciences |
| spelling | doaj.art-a091c3a23f9346e4bea1768b7983f3ca2023-11-23T20:34:53ZengMDPI AGInternational Journal of Molecular Sciences1661-65961422-00672022-09-0123191153410.3390/ijms231911534Transcriptome Analysis of Particulate Matter 2.5-Induced Abnormal Effects on Human SebocytesHye-Won Na0Hyun Soo Kim1Hyunjung Choi2Nari Cha3Young Rok Seo4Yong Deog Hong5Hyoung-June Kim6Research and Innovation Center, AMOREPACIFIC, Yongin 17074, KoreaDepartment of Life Science, Institute of Environmental Medicine, Dongguk University Biomedi Campus, Goyang 10326, KoreaResearch and Innovation Center, AMOREPACIFIC, Yongin 17074, KoreaResearch and Innovation Center, AMOREPACIFIC, Yongin 17074, KoreaDepartment of Life Science, Institute of Environmental Medicine, Dongguk University Biomedi Campus, Goyang 10326, KoreaResearch and Innovation Center, AMOREPACIFIC, Yongin 17074, KoreaResearch and Innovation Center, AMOREPACIFIC, Yongin 17074, KoreaParticulate matter 2.5 (PM<sub>2.5</sub>), an atmospheric pollutant with an aerodynamic diameter of <2.5 μm, can cause serious human health problems, including skin damage. Since sebocytes are involved in the regulation of skin homeostasis, it is necessary to study the effects of PM<sub>2.5</sub> on sebocytes. We examined the role of PM<sub>2.5</sub> via the identification of differentially expressed genes, functional enrichment and canonical pathway analysis, upstream regulator analysis, and disease and biological function analysis through mRNA sequencing. Xenobiotic and lipid metabolism, inflammation, oxidative stress, and cell barrier damage-related pathways were enriched; additionally, PM<sub>2.5</sub> altered steroid hormone biosynthesis and retinol metabolism-related pathways. Consequently, PM<sub>2.5</sub> increased lipid synthesis, lipid peroxidation, inflammatory cytokine expression, and oxidative stress and altered the lipid composition and expression of factors that affect cell barriers. Furthermore, PM<sub>2.5</sub> altered the activity of sterol regulatory element binding proteins, mitogen-activated protein kinases, transforming growth factor beta-SMAD, and forkhead box O3-mediated pathways. We also suggest that the alterations in retinol and estrogen metabolism by PM<sub>2.5</sub> are related to the damage. These results were validated using the HairSkin<sup>®</sup> model. Thus, our results provide evidence of the harmful effects of PM<sub>2.5</sub> on sebocytes as well as new targets for alleviating the skin damage it causes.https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/23/19/11534particulate matter 2.5transcriptome analysishuman sebocytesingenuity pathway analysislipid peroxidation |
| spellingShingle | Hye-Won Na Hyun Soo Kim Hyunjung Choi Nari Cha Young Rok Seo Yong Deog Hong Hyoung-June Kim Transcriptome Analysis of Particulate Matter 2.5-Induced Abnormal Effects on Human Sebocytes International Journal of Molecular Sciences particulate matter 2.5 transcriptome analysis human sebocytes ingenuity pathway analysis lipid peroxidation |
| title | Transcriptome Analysis of Particulate Matter 2.5-Induced Abnormal Effects on Human Sebocytes |
| title_full | Transcriptome Analysis of Particulate Matter 2.5-Induced Abnormal Effects on Human Sebocytes |
| title_fullStr | Transcriptome Analysis of Particulate Matter 2.5-Induced Abnormal Effects on Human Sebocytes |
| title_full_unstemmed | Transcriptome Analysis of Particulate Matter 2.5-Induced Abnormal Effects on Human Sebocytes |
| title_short | Transcriptome Analysis of Particulate Matter 2.5-Induced Abnormal Effects on Human Sebocytes |
| title_sort | transcriptome analysis of particulate matter 2 5 induced abnormal effects on human sebocytes |
| topic | particulate matter 2.5 transcriptome analysis human sebocytes ingenuity pathway analysis lipid peroxidation |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/23/19/11534 |
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