Water Desalination Using the Once-through Multi-Stage Flash Concept: Design and Modeling
Thermal water desalination is one of the most important techniques to solve the water scarcity problem in many regions of the world. Out of around 7.8 billion people in the world, only about 6 billion of them have access to clean water; notably, climate change plays a major role in accelerating the...
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MDPI AG
2022-09-01
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| Series: | Materials |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1944/15/17/6131 |
| _version_ | 1797494468896620544 |
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| author | Qahtan Thabit Abdallah Nassour Michael Nelles |
| author_facet | Qahtan Thabit Abdallah Nassour Michael Nelles |
| author_sort | Qahtan Thabit |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Thermal water desalination is one of the most important techniques to solve the water scarcity problem in many regions of the world. Out of around 7.8 billion people in the world, only about 6 billion of them have access to clean water; notably, climate change plays a major role in accelerating the evaporation rate of water from water bodies, which in turn increases the scarcity. Multi-stage flash, recognized to have a high rate of water production in comparison with other available technologies, accounts for 35% of water desalination facilities worldwide. This paper presents a detailed Excel model to evaluate the amount of energy required to drive 16 stages of multi-stage flash. This model aims to design and evaluate the amount of thermal energy required for such projects and optimize their performance by calibrating the governing parameters. Furthermore, the 16 stages were simulated via the Ebsilon 13.02 software package to match the results and evaluate the fulfillment of the plant requirements. The temperature drop of the brine stream was 2.34 °C/stage. The top brine temperature was 130 °C. The results show that 29.5 kg/s of superheated steam is required to desalinate 162 kg/s of 2500 kg/s influent mass flow of brine. The effect of water intake temperature was also examined by using Ebsilon. The performance ratio decreased from 5.49 to 2.66 when the water intake temperature decreased from 30 °C to 5 °C. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T01:34:44Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-a0a54ddd4450445a8fc8c7a6f17ff45d |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1996-1944 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T01:34:44Z |
| publishDate | 2022-09-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
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| spelling | doaj.art-a0a54ddd4450445a8fc8c7a6f17ff45d2023-11-23T13:36:07ZengMDPI AGMaterials1996-19442022-09-011517613110.3390/ma15176131Water Desalination Using the Once-through Multi-Stage Flash Concept: Design and ModelingQahtan Thabit0Abdallah Nassour1Michael Nelles2Department of Waste and Resource Management, Faculty of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, University of Rostock, D-18059 Rostock, GermanyDepartment of Waste and Resource Management, Faculty of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, University of Rostock, D-18059 Rostock, GermanyDepartment of Waste and Resource Management, Faculty of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, University of Rostock, D-18059 Rostock, GermanyThermal water desalination is one of the most important techniques to solve the water scarcity problem in many regions of the world. Out of around 7.8 billion people in the world, only about 6 billion of them have access to clean water; notably, climate change plays a major role in accelerating the evaporation rate of water from water bodies, which in turn increases the scarcity. Multi-stage flash, recognized to have a high rate of water production in comparison with other available technologies, accounts for 35% of water desalination facilities worldwide. This paper presents a detailed Excel model to evaluate the amount of energy required to drive 16 stages of multi-stage flash. This model aims to design and evaluate the amount of thermal energy required for such projects and optimize their performance by calibrating the governing parameters. Furthermore, the 16 stages were simulated via the Ebsilon 13.02 software package to match the results and evaluate the fulfillment of the plant requirements. The temperature drop of the brine stream was 2.34 °C/stage. The top brine temperature was 130 °C. The results show that 29.5 kg/s of superheated steam is required to desalinate 162 kg/s of 2500 kg/s influent mass flow of brine. The effect of water intake temperature was also examined by using Ebsilon. The performance ratio decreased from 5.49 to 2.66 when the water intake temperature decreased from 30 °C to 5 °C.https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1944/15/17/6131thermal energywater desalinationonce-through mult-istage flashwater scarcityoptimization |
| spellingShingle | Qahtan Thabit Abdallah Nassour Michael Nelles Water Desalination Using the Once-through Multi-Stage Flash Concept: Design and Modeling Materials thermal energy water desalination once-through mult-istage flash water scarcity optimization |
| title | Water Desalination Using the Once-through Multi-Stage Flash Concept: Design and Modeling |
| title_full | Water Desalination Using the Once-through Multi-Stage Flash Concept: Design and Modeling |
| title_fullStr | Water Desalination Using the Once-through Multi-Stage Flash Concept: Design and Modeling |
| title_full_unstemmed | Water Desalination Using the Once-through Multi-Stage Flash Concept: Design and Modeling |
| title_short | Water Desalination Using the Once-through Multi-Stage Flash Concept: Design and Modeling |
| title_sort | water desalination using the once through multi stage flash concept design and modeling |
| topic | thermal energy water desalination once-through mult-istage flash water scarcity optimization |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1944/15/17/6131 |
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